study of some of the causative agents of leukorrhea among females at the child bearing period in Alexandria

The aim of this work was to define the prevalence of some microorganisms in cases of leukorrhea among females at the child bearing period. One hundred and twenty females at child-bearing period [100 patients and 20 controls] were included in this study. For all of them, vaginal pH was determined, vaginal smear [for direct microscopic examination] vaginal and cervical swabs were taken, inoculated on culture media for isolation and identification of different microorganisms. The following results were obtained: - The commonest causative agents isolated were T. vaginalis followed by C. albicans then G. vaginalis while they were absent in the control group. Trichomonas was better diagnosed by culture than by smear method. It was frequently associated with vaginal pH>4.5. - Staph. aureus, Str. pyogenes, Str. fecalis and E.coli were isolated at low comparable rates for both cases and control groups. - N. gonorrhoeae was not isolated in any case included in this study. Also, there was no identified causative agents in 15 cases of leukorrheae. So it can be concluded that T. vaginalis, C. albicans and G. vaginalis are significantly associated with leukorrhea and are considered as main causative agents of leucorrhea. Leukorrhea due to G. vaginalis should receive more attention and its clinical entiry should be better defined for the gynecologists as its role in the aetiology of leukorrhea was well defined in this study. Care, in the form of periodic medical check-up should be paid for those using contraceptives like oral pills or I.U.D., as a great percentage of them were complaining of leukorrhea

Evaluation of sanitary status of some beaches of Alexandria by using the indicator organisms

Alexandria is still facing the problem of pollution of its beaches by the disposal of its crude and untreated sewage in it. This could be a real public health hazard to which swimmers are exposed. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate this problem by determination of the two common indicators of fecal pollution i.e. fecal coliform and fecal streptococcal counts. A total of 216 water samples from twelve selected Alexandria beaches were examined by the membrane filter method. Identification of these indicators was done according to the standard methods for the examination of water and waste water A.P.H.A. [1980]. From the results of this study it was found that the two indicator organisms were detected in all of the studied beaches. Thus, all Alexandria beaches are considered to be polluted; Maamoura and Mountazah beaches had the least counts of the indicator organisms. Sporting and Gleem had the highest counts. Anfoushi, El-Kashafa, El- Shatby and Mandara had also a high count of the indicator organism. Ibrahimia, Sidi-Gaber, Stanley and Sidi-Bishr No. [1] had bacterial counts in between. They were considered to be moderately polluted. No statistical significant differences were found between the months of the study, but is was found that the bacterial count increased in cold months in the beaches having sewer out falls, as these outfalls were partially opened in summer. The results showed that fecal streptococcal count was higher than that of fecal coliform count. It can be concluded that the disposal of the untreated sewage into the sea water causes public health hazards to swimmers. A new sewage disposal scheme without disposing a drop of sewage into the bathing beaches has to be decided

study of some causative agents of leukorrhea among females at the child bearing period in Alexandria

The aim of this work was to define the prevalence of some microorganisms in cases of leukorrhea among females at the child bearing period. One hundred and twenty females at child-bearing period [100 patients and 20 controls] were included in this study. For all of them, vaginal pH was determined, vaginal smear [for direct microscopic examination] vaginal and cervical swabs were taken, inoculated on culture media for isolation and identification of different microorganisms. The obtained results revealed that The commonest causative agents isolated were T. vaginalis followed by C. Vaginalis while they were absent in the control group. Trichomonas was better diagnosed by culture than by smear method. It was frequently associated with vaginal pH > 4.5. Staph. Aureus, Str. pyogenes, Str. fecalis and E. coli were isolated at low comparable rates for both cases and control groups. N. Gonorrhea was not isolated in any case included in this study. Also, there was no identified causative agents in 15 cases of leukorrhea. So it can be concluded that T. Vaginalis, C. albicans and G. Vaginalis are significantly associated with leukorrhea and are considered as main causative agents of leukorrhea. Leukorrhea due to G. vaginalis should receive more attention and its clinical entity should be better defined for the gynecologist, as its role in the etiology of leukorrhea was well defined in this study. Care, in the form of periodic medical check-up should be paid for those using contraceptives like oral pills or I.U.D., as a great percentage of them were complaining of leukorrhea