ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aims to determine the frequency of organophosphate poisoning outcomes at tertiary care hospital at Nawabshah
Design: Descriptive Study
Setting: Intensive Care Unit at Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women, Nawabshah
Material and Method: A retrospective study of 387 patients of organophosphate poisoning admitted in Intensive Care Unit at Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women, Nawabshah, catering all cases from urban and rural areas, during the years January 2013 to December 2015. The Intensive Care Unit is fully equipped with all modern equipment to treat cases of poisoning. The record of the patients were reviewed and the data was entered in proforma for further analysis. The variable considered were gender, age and yearly outcome was presented as frequencies and percentage whereas age was presented as mean +/-SD
Results: A total of 387 cases organophosphate poisoning were reported in our hospital between 2013 and 2015. The age of study population in our study was 26.14 +/-10.086 years with predominance of males [62.5%]. The highest number of cases [42.1%] were reported during 2013 with the least [23.3%] in 2014. Moreover, 275 [71.1%], 105 [27.1%] and 7 [1.8%] cases were cured, expired and referred during the period of three years i.e. 2013 to 2015
Conclusion: Organophosphate poisoning cases were more common among males. Youth is predominant population for organophosphate poisoning which draws immediate attention for public health policy makers, by educating the public through print and electronic media specially television with dramatize shots
ABSTRACT
Background: upper GI endoscopy is an established procedure for investigating a wide range of upper GI conditions especially inflammatory and malignant diseases of stomach and esophagus. A good correlation in diagnosis can be achieved by complementing endoscopic findings with histology of biopsy specimens
Aims and objectives: 1] To evaluate morphological patterns of upper GI conditions. 2] To correlate endoscopic characterization of upper GI lesions with histopathological assessment of biopsy specimens
Study design: a retrospective descriptive study
Period: four year period from January 2010 to December 2013
Setting: department of Pathology, LUMHS and were histologically assessed
Material and methods: a total of 433 upper GI endoscopic biopsies were received. Patient's age, gender and presenting complaints were noted
Results: stomach was the most frequent site of endoscopic biopsy [51.3%] followed by esophagus [39%] and duodenum [9.7%]. Majority of patients [51%] presented with dysphagia and abdominal pain. Mean age of presentation was 40 years; age range, 9-90 years and male: female ratio is 1:1.6. Esophageal malignancy was the commonest neoplastic lesion with squamous cell carcinoma being the dominant histological type. Interestingly, inflammatory conditions were more common in the stomach. In the duodenum, celiac disease was clinically suspected and histopathological grading confirmed the diagnosis with majority of the cases showing grade-II pathology
Conclusion: this large retrospective institutional based study showed a good correlation between endoscopic and histological diagnosis. It further shows that esophagus is the predominant site of upper GI malignancy with strong female predominance. Further studies are needed to identify the underlying risk factors
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To document the prevalence of most frequently targeted anatomical sites of the body focused on gender vulnerability due to sharp force trauma, referred for autopsy at the mortuary of medico-legal section of Civil Hospital Sukkur
DURATION AND SETTING: Medico-legal section of Civil Hospital Ghulam Mohammad Mahar Medical College Sukkur from January 2008 to December2010
STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive, retrospective
MATERIAL METHODS: Medico-legal record of 100 cases autopsied from 2008-10 at the mortuary of medico-legal section Civil Hospital, GMMMC Sukkur, were thoroughly examined. The variables considered were gender, age, injury pattern, cause of death, defense wounds and common anatomical sites involved in homicidal outcome. Findings were expressed in numbers and percentages in a performa designed for the above study
RESULTS: The record of 100 autopsied cases at medico-legal section of Civil Hospital, GMMMC Sukkur, showed that homicidal injuries by sharp force trauma were common with age group 29- 30 years, males were 65[65%] and the females were 35[35%] the mean age remained 30.88. 18 [18%] showed single injury and 82[82%] have multiple injuries. 46[46% ] of death was due to hemorrhage and the rest 54 [54%] was due to injury to vital organs. Defense wounds were seen in 26[26%] and the remaining 74 [74%] were without defense wounds. The commonest anatomical part targeted in males was abdomen 25[25%] and in females was neck 30[30%]
CONCLUSION: The study showed that injuries by sharp force trauma were common with age group 29-30 years with male dominance. The injuries were multiple and majority of victims had no defense wounds. The most targeted anatomical area in males was abdomen and in neck females
In majority of the cases, cause of death was injury to vital organs. The onset of sharp force fatalities will be reduced if proper laws are framed to strengthen law enforcing agencies to apprehend the culprits for appropriate punishments according to law
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To document radiological age indicator for differentiating Juvenile from adult offender for the purpose of Juvenile Justice System Ordinance, 2000 of Pakistan
STUDY DESIGN: Perspective descriptive study
SETTING: Department of Radiology and Imaging, Liaquat University Hospital Jamshoro/ Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan
STUDY PERIOD: June 2007 to December 2008
METHOD: Radiological study of adolescents both males and females [Total 394 comprising of 145 females and 249 males] subjects studying in various academic institutions of Hyderabad, representing the heterogeneous population was conducted with an object to observe the union of various bones that can provide an age indicator of 18 years for both genders
RESULTS: X - Ray pelvis showing fusion of iliac crest with the rest of the bone and X- Ray medial end of clavicle showing appearance, represents age 18 years + 2 months in females, whereas in males X- Ray shoulder joint showing complete Epiphyso- Diphyseal union and their X- Ray pelvis still showing no fusion of iliac crest, represents same age group of 18 years+ 2 months
Radiologically female subjects are one year ahead of their counterparts, so for the skeletal maturity findings are concerned
CONCLUSION: This study concludes that for females, if appropriate radiographs [X- ray pelvis and X- ray chest] showing fusion of iliac crest and appearance of epiphysis at medial end of clavicle the age is 18 years. In male population when radiograph of proximal end of humerus bone gives impression of union, it is concluded that the person has attained the age of 18 years
ABSTRACT
Objective: to document changing trends in deliberate self-poisoning in patients admitted in intensive care unit of Accident and Emergency [A and E] Department of Liquate University Hospital Hyderabad
Design: descriptive Retrospective
Setting: intensive care unit of A and E Department at Liquate University Hospital Hyderabad from January to December 2008
Methods: medical records of 236 patients of poisoning admitted in intensive care unit of A and E Department at Liquate University Hospital Hyderabad from January to December 2008 were reviewed; relevant data like history and clinical finding were collected and analyzed
Results: during study period, 236 patients of poisoning were admitted in intensive care unit of AandE Department at Liquate University Hospital Hyderabad. The mean age was31.24+/-10.72, females were 130[55.08%] and males were 106[44.91%], poisoning observed was common [44.49%] in age group 20-30 years. The changing trend was more towards suicidal 160[67.79%] than accidental 76[32.20%]. The drugs used for poisoning were organophosphate [73.30%], benzodiazepines [14.40%], powders [rat killer/ anti lice] [7.62%] and oil [phenyl, kerosene] [4.66%]. The fatal outcome was [9.32%] and the survival rate was [60.67%]. The route / exposure of cases by ingestion was 160[67.79%], by inhalation 50[21.18%] and topical 26[11.01%]
Conclusion: this study shows marked decline in the use of benzodiazepines and other agents as compared to organophosphate poisoning which shows increase in their usage resulting in changing trends of poisonous agents. The reasons of this change were due to easy availability of the toxic agents over the counter. Preventive measures are to be taken to stop the easy availability of these toxins by appropriate legislation. Awareness and education to the people is recommended to avoid such mishaps
ABSTRACT
To explore the role of cervical cytology in the diagnosis of endometrial disease in postmenopausal women in our set up. Study was conducted at Department of Pathology and Microbiology of The Aga Khan University, Karachi Pakistan during 2004. To assess the correlation between endometrial cells on routine cervical cytology and endometrial carcinoma, 57 Pap smears were taken from postmenopausal women with and without abnormal bleeding. The mean age was 54 +/- 7 years. The results of cervical cytology were compared and further confirmed with the endometrial histology. We found a positive association between endometrial cells in Pap smear and carcinoma of the endometrium in six out of 57 patients [11.02%] while remaining 51 patients [88.98%] were benign. However, the presence of atypical endometrial cells in Pap smear and the abnormal vaginal bleeding confirmed the diagnosis. The data indicate the importance of further diagnostic evaluation with endometrial sampling in postmenopausal women with endometrial cells seen in Pap smear, especially in abnormal vaginal bleeding
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Uterine Neoplasms/diagnosis , Vaginal Smears , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology , Evaluation StudyABSTRACT
Four hundred sixty-six medicolegal cases were re-examined during the period of 3-years from 1998 to 2000 for correctness or otherwise of the challenged medicolegal certificates issued by the first examining medicolegal officer, and referred by the Health Authorities. Out of 466 cases, 190 [40.77%] cases were decided. 15 [7.89%] cases which were initially wrongly interpreted by the concerned medicolegal officer regarding the presence of nondisplaced fractures, were reviewed by the panel of experts, and keeping in view the persistent pain following trauma where the conservative radiograph failed to reveal fracture, specialized techniques in radiology i.e., Computerized Axial Tomography and Radionuclide Imaging, were utilized which showed 100% result by revealing fractures