ABSTRACT
Musculoskeletal pain is a common and debilitating symptom in older adults. However, its importance is often underestimated. In this review article, we discuss its proper evaluation and management. Pain evaluation includes detailed history taking, physical examination, imaging, and laboratory investigations. Management of musculoskeletal pain requires a multidomain approach including nonpharmacological, pharmacological, and surgical modalities. A step-wise approach recommended by the World Health Organization can be used for pain management. Common musculoskeletal conditions causing pain are osteoarthritis, low?back pain, gout, pseudogout, rheumatoid arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, and fibromyalgia.
ABSTRACT
The force of orthodontic treatment, is basically categorized as controlled trauma,[1] that can damage the pulp because of the absence of collateral blood supply in the pulp tissues makes pulp as the most sensitive tissues of the whole body. The problem is not the accumulations, but there is a likelihood of conversion of the supra gingival plaque accumulations into sub gingival plaque while tipping or intrusion tooth movements that favors the change of gingivitis into periodontitis. The present study was conducted with the aim to determine the periodontal response to orthodontic tooth movement. Methods: The present prospective observational study was conducted in the department for a period of 1 year. Before the start of treatment, clinical attachment and probing depth was measured. These parameters were also measured after active tooth movement and tooth retention. Difference in clinical attachment was noted before and at the end of the treatment. All the data was arranged in a tabulated form and analyzed using SPSS software. The data was expressed as mean +/- standard deviation. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 28.75+/-3.64 years. There were 66.7% (n=20) males and 33.3% (n=10) females. The baseline probing depth amongst control teeth was 4.4+/-0.5 and after tooth movement was 3.7+/-0.5 and after retention was 3.6+/-0.05. The mean difference in clinical attachment loss after tooth movement on mesial and distal side was -0.5+/-1.7 and - 0.6+/-0.9 respectively. The mean difference in clinical attachment loss after tooth retention on mesial and distal side was -0.7+/-1.4 and -0.8+/-1.1 respectively. Conclusion: Orthodontic movement of teeth may be detrimental for the periodontal health when realignment of the teeth have been considered.
ABSTRACT
Background: The purpose of the study is to investigate the general well-being in students who playsports at a competitive level and students who don't play sports at a competitive level of the age group 16–22 years.Methods: The sample consisted of 160 participants. 80 participants played sports at a competitive level(out of which 40 were males and 40 were females) and 80 participants did not play sports at a competitivelevel (out of which 40 were males and 40 were females). Method of purposive sampling and conveniencesampling was used for inclusion of participants.Results: The difference of general well-being between internal and external locus of control was significantat F= 11.58, p< 0.000852 and the difference of general well-being between male and female was significantat F=9.46, p<0.002491.Conclusion: Sport in the researcher’s sample, did not have major impact on the general well-being ofstudents. The researcher’s study, was in line with previous researches, saying that gender has a majorimpact on general well-being of an individual, this is because of several psycho-social factors.