Recurrent desmoid fibromatosis of the thyroid gland: A diagnostic challenge / Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies

@#A 31-year-old Indian female with a history of near-total thyroidectomy 2.5-years prior presented with recurrent neck swelling. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the neck revealed an infiltrating mass involving the thyroid bed. Biopsy from the mass and review of slides from the previous thyroidectomy revealed a spindle cell tumour with interspersed areas of fibrosis and infiltrative edges entrapping thyroid follicles. Beta-catenin immunopositivity and CTNNB1 mutation confirmed the diagnosis of fibromatosis. The case is being reported for its rarity and the discussion of its differential diagnoses.

Primary thyroid lymphoma: A series from a tertiary care center in Northern India

Objective: Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is a rare entity, necessitating accurate and early diagnosis, as its management is very different from that of other neoplasms intrinsic to the thyroid. Materials and Methods: Cases diagnosed between January 2009 and March 2015 were retrieved, and clinical details were noted. Hematoxylin- and eosin-stained slides were reviewed. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed for immunophenotyping, and cases were classified according to the World Health Organization 2017 classification of hematolymphoid neoplasms. Results: Eleven patients with PTL were identified, with a mean age of 64.6 years (range: 40–76 years), including three males and eight females. Duration of symptoms ranged from 2 to 36 months (mean: 9.3 months). Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was most frequent, followed by extranodal marginal zone lymphoma. Most DLBCLs were nongerminal center type. BCL2 was positive in all DLBCLs. Strong p53 immunopositivity was not seen in any of the cases analyzed. Conclusion: Histopathological evaluation supplemented by IHC is the gold standard for the diagnosis of PTL. Combined chemoradiotherapy appears to be the best treatment modality, irrespective of histological type. MIB-1 and MUM1 IHC may have a role in identifying DLBCL, particularly in small biopsies. Role of p53 and BCL2 needs further evaluation

Comparative Study of Berseem Cultivars (Trifolium Alexandrium L.) in Support of Nodulation and Leg Haemoglobin Content Under Saline Conditions.

Aim of present study is to evaluate the effect of salinity on the growth of Rhizobium symbiosis with various cultivars of Berseem (WARDAN, BB3, JHB 052 and BB2). Two sets of plots were maintained in which one set contained non-inoculated while another set contained inoculated seeds with Rhizobium culture, which were irrigated with saline waters of different concentrations (0, 3, 6, 7.2, 10, 12 and 14 dSm-1). The observations have been recorded only at 90 and 120 DAS but nodular leghaemoglobin had been estimated at 90th day stage. Results indicated that nodulation and lb content had been increased generally upto 7.2 dSm-1 and declined thereafter. Inoculation with Rhizobium culture had invariably and significantly promoted nodulation and lb content at both durations particularly at lower EC levels and minimized the deleterious effect of salinity at 10 to 14 dSm-1. Taken together, our findings indicate that cv. BB3 produced maximum nodulation and lb content almost at all saline irrigations but cv. WARDAN registered beneficial effect of Rhizobium culture inoculation as this cultivar registered greater lb content at 3 to 7.2 dSm-1 and lesser reductions at 10 to 14 dSm-1 when compared with uninoculated sets. We concluded that this experiment reveals the great impact of Rhizobium trifolii culture on berseem cultivars along with the use of saline soil and water for agriculture without using fertile land and normal water, hence there will be a substantial conservation of normal water and soil for further use.

Role of endoscopic ultrasound guided FNAC in diagnosis of pancreatic TB presenting as mass lesion: A case report and review of literature.

A 24-year-old male patient presented with abdominal pain, obstructive jaundice, anorexia and weight loss. Ultrasound abdomen revealed pancreatic head mass with dilated common hepatic duct and intrahepatic bliliary radicles. CECT abdomen was suggestive of pancreatic head mass invading portal vein, splenic artery and hepatic artery. Provisional diagnosis of unresectable carcinoma head of pancreas was established. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) was done, which was also suggestive of pancreatic head mass infiltrating portal vein. EUS guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) was taken with an intent to obtain tissue diagnosis and to start palliative chemotherapy. EUS guided FNAC features were suggestive of tuberculosis (TB). Patient was started on anti-tubercular therapy, to which he responded and was cured. Pancreatic tuberculosis should be considered as a possibility, in pancreatic mass, especially in countries where TB is endemic and establishing its diagnosis with the aid of FNAC can save trauma of major surgery to the patient, which prompted us to report this case.

Sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix: pathology, imaging, and treatment.

Sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix is a rare tumor. Only 16 cases have so far been reported in literature. We report here one such tumor occurring in a 54-year-old postmenopausal woman. Our case report describes the clinical, pathological, and PET scan characteristics of this tumor. The patient was treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy and is disease free at 6-months follow-up.

Genetic engineering and dental caries.

Dental caries, a multifactorial disease requires four principle factor: the host, the microflora, the substrate & time for its occurrence and can be prevented or managed by elimination/modification of either of the above factors. The conventional preventive measure being followed for long time for the dental caries are not successful to the desirable extent due to their non avaibailaballity in the rural areas, lack of awareness & inaccessibility of dental services. Therefore, the focus has now been shifted to submicroscopic level to ensure that these measures can be reached to the farthest areas & each & every member of the population is benefitted. Few of the measures taken are. i) Genetically modifying the S. Mutans: ii) Searching The antagonist peptides to work against the specific enzyme system (Glucosyltransferase) of S. Mutans. iii) Changing the oral environment by those Genetically modified organisms that will produce bases (instead of acids) & these bases provides a milieu favoring remineralization. This paper discusses various ways in which genetically modified strains of microogranisms or genetically modified strains of microogranisms of genetically modified foods can help in the prevention of caries.