A rare case report of eyelid basal cell carcinoma with special emphasis on its unusual presentation and role of radiotherapy as its treatment options

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer in white-skinned individuals but is rare in blacks and Indians. Skin cancers mainly affect sun-exposed areas like the neck and face (88-90%). BCC rarely metastasizes or kills, but is still considered as malignant because it can cause significant destruction and disfigurement by invading surrounding tissues. Here we present a case of BCC appearing in upper eyelid at the eyebrow region which is very rare to cite in literature. The patient was a resident of high altitude with no evidence of local invasion or distant metastasis for which she was treated with radiation therapy. Radiation therapy is a good therapeutic option in patients who are unwilling for surgery and in those requiring extensive surgery. BCC is usually not fatal, but early diagnosis and appropriate treatment promises better functionality and esthetic outcome.

Bilateral Optic Neuritis in a Child with Typhoid Fever – A Rare Case Report

Introduction: Post Typhoid Immune mediated Bilateraloptic neuritis is a rare sequelae that requires a high indexof suspicion by an ophthalmologist and early institution ofappropriate treatment.Case report: A 5year old child diagnosed with Typhoidfever for 3 weeks was admitted in department of Pediatrics& presented to us with sudden painless loss of vision inboth eyes for 2days. PL was denied in both eyes. Fundusexamination showed blurring of disc margin, oedema andhyperemia of disc both eyes with optic disc hemorrhagein right eye. She was started on steroid therapy followingwhich marked improvement in BCVA in both eyes wasseen.Conclusion: Post Typhoid Immune mediated optic neuritisrequires early diagnosis and steroid therapy that help inimprovement of symptoms and prevention of visual loss.

Corneal ulcer: an epidemiological, microbiological and clinical study of cases attending Assam medical college and hospital, Dibrugarh, India

Background: Corneal ulcer is one of the important ophthalmic conditions causing significant morbidity especially in the developing countries. This study was carried out to evaluate the common etiological agents, predisposing factors, age, gender and occupational distribution and to study the clinical features and management of all corneal ulcers.Methods: A total of 50 cases of corneal ulcers who attended the Ophthalmology outpatient department (OPD) of Assam medical college and hospital, Assam, India, over a 6 months period were included in the study. A detailed history was taken and examination done as per the proforma. Microscopy and culture were performed on all corneal specimens obtained.Results: Corneal ulcers were common in 3rd to 5th decades of life with Male to Female ratio of 1.3:1. Majority of patients were farmers or hired agricultural workers. Ocular trauma was the major predisposing factor in majority of cases (32%). Out of 50 cases, 31 (62%) were culture positive. 19 were bacterial isolates and 12 were fungal isolates. All patients were treated according to standard treatment protocol and majority (95.5%) patients responded well to treatment.Conclusions: This study has revealed that suppurative corneal ulcers are caused by both bacterial and fungal agents with bacterial preponderance in this geographical area. Early and accurate diagnosis and intensive treatment is the need of hour for saving the eye and preventing the catastrophe of lifelong blindness.