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OBJECTIVE@#To evaluated the relationship between the genetic variations at IL-8 +2767 position with VL pathogenesis among Iranian patients.@*METHODS@#Three groups including patients with VL clinical presentation and leishmania seropositive (n = 124), patients seropositive but without clinical presentation (n = 82) and healthy controls (n = 63) were selected to conduct this cross-sectional study. Polymorphism at +2767 position of IL-8 was investigated using PCR-RFLP techniques. Anti-leishmania antibody titration was evaluated by the immunoflorescence technique.@*RESULTS@#We observed higher significant frequencies +2767 A/A and A/T genotypes in Group 1 compared to Group 2 and healthy controls (P = 0.001). Also, patients in Group 1 carrying A/A genotype showed higher titer of anti-leishmania antibody than patients with A/T and T/T genotypes (P = 0.05). The validity of the data was analyzed using Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and one way analysis of variance (ANOVA), as well as χ tests.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Our findings indicate that the IL-8 +2767 polymorphism is significantly involved in impaired immune responses against VL and it could be considered as a risk factor for the VL progress.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluated the relationship between the genetic variations at IL-8 +2767 position with VL pathogenesis among Iranian patients. Methods Three groups including patients with VL clinical presentation and leishmania seropositive (n = 124), patients seropositive but without clinical presentation (n = 82) and healthy controls (n = 63) were selected to conduct this cross-sectional study. Polymorphism at +2767 position of IL-8 was investigated using PCR-RFLP techniques. Anti-leishmania antibody titration was evaluated by the immunoflorescence technique. Results We observed higher significant frequencies +2767 A/A and A/T genotypes in Group 1 compared to Group 2 and healthy controls (P = 0.001). Also, patients in Group 1 carrying A/A genotype showed higher titer of anti-leishmania antibody than patients with A/T and T/T genotypes (P = 0.05). The validity of the data was analyzed using Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and one way analysis of variance (ANOVA), as well as χ
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Objective: To study Leishmania infection in cats and its potential role in transmission of the disease to human by parasitological, serological and molecular methods in Ahar District, East Azerbaijan Province. Methods: In this study, 65 cats from different parts of Ahar Province were trapped. The cats were anesthetized with chloroform and blood samples were taken from jugular vein and tested by direct agglutination test. Spleen and liver smear samples were prepared in order to microscopically examine these organs, and also cultured in Novy-MacNeal-Nicolle and Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1 640 media. Finally, spleen tissue DNA was extracted to perform polymerase chain reaction analysis. Results: In direct agglutination test, 4 (6%) cats had a positive titer, while 14 (22%) cats had a titer of 1:80 which was suspected for an infection and 47 (72%) cats were negative. Culture results were negative and in polymerase chain reaction no amplification was observed. Conclusions: We found no case of feline visceral leishmaniasis. It needs more extensive studies by using a larger number of cats to firmly establish leishmaniasis in this area.
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Leishmaniasis is a tropical disease that is endemic in some areas of Iran, including East Azerbaijan. IFN- gamma is one of the cytokines that triggers cell-mediated immunity, thus initiating elimination of the infection. This case-control study was performed to investigate the association between the polymorphism of the IFN- gamma gene at the +874A/T locus and visceral leishmaniasis [VL]. In this study conducted during 2012-2013, 267 participants were selected from individuals living in an endemic area of VL. Subjects were divided into three groups; 86 patients with VL, 82 seropositive individuals without any history of leishmaniasis, and 99 seronegative healthy controls. Genotyping of the IFN- gamma +874A/T polymorphism was carried out using an Amplification Refractory Mutation System-PCR [ARMS-PCR]. The frequency of the +874A allele in the patient group [75.5%] was higher than in the seropositive individuals [54%]. The highest frequency of the +874T/T genotype was observed in seropositive individuals, while the patient group had the lowest frequency [34.1% vs. 24.5%]. However, these differences were not significant. There was no significant association between IFN- gamma +874A/T polymorphism and VL
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Humans , Female , Male , Interferon-gamma/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
Immune responses play critical roles in the leishmaniasis eradication. IL-10 is a key regulator of immune responses, and the polymorphisms within its promoter region are associated with alteration in its expression. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the correlation between polymorphism at the -1082 position of the IL-10 gene and visceral leishmaniasis [VL]. The IL-10 -1082 polymorphism and anti-Leishmania antibody titration were examined in 110 patients with clinical presentation of VL and seropositive for the Leishmania [group 1], 74 seropositive patients but without clinical presentation [group 2] and 113 healthy controls [group 3] using the PCR-RFLP and immunofluorescence techniques, respectively. The polymorphism at IL-10 -1082 [A/G] position was significantly associated with VL and A/G genotype was significantly higher in VL patients when compared to the groups 2 and 3 [P< 0.001]. However, the results demonstrated that the A and G alleles were not associated with VL [P= 0.263]. Previous investigations have shown that the polymorphism at the -1082 position of the IL-10 gene can influence its expression and also it has been proved that IL-10 level was increased during VL. Our results suggest that the A/G genotype may be considered as a risk factor for VL