Does LH/Testo and Testo/LH ratio affect male fertility?

This study was designed to determine the levels of serum LH and Testosterone along with their ratios, among men with varying sperm quality. Two hundred fifty married men, presenting with a complaint of infertility, which had been evaluated for their seminal profile. LH indicated inverse/negative correlation to sperm concentration, while decreased testosterone levels were associated with depleted sperm conc. The mean levels of LH [mlU/ml] and testosterone [nmol/L] for the groups were 13.85 +/- 2.33 and 11.86 +/- 0.70 [azoospermia], 10.92 +/- 3.79 and 11.88 +/- 1.06 [oligozoospermia], 3.92 +/- 1.17 and 16.24 +/- 2.05 [asthenozoospermia], while the levels in normozoospermic men were 7.24 +/- 1.02 and 17.29 +/- 1.02, respect. Similarly, the LH/T and T/LH ratios were 1.17[ +/- 0.28] and 0.86[ +/- 2.70] respectively in azoospermia, 0.92 [ +/- 0.28] and 1.08[ +/- 0.17] in oligozoospermia, 0.30[ +/- 0.10] and 4.14[ +/- 10.4] in asthenozoospermia 0.42 [ +/- 0.08] and 2.34[ +/- 0.48] in normozoospermic men. The present data indicate that disturbance in LH and testosterone ratios also causes infertility, since these hormones act together by maintaining a feedback control system

Stroke; therapeutic potentials

Stroke was defined according to WHO criteria as rapidly developing symptoms and I or signs of focal and at times global loss of cerebral function with no apparent cause other than that of vascular disease[1]. Stroke is grossly divided into either[2] 1]. Thrombotic. 2]. Embolic. 3].Hemorrhagic type [Which may be either intra cerebral bleed or subarachnoid hemorrhage]. The brain, like other organs of the body, requires an adequate vascular system in order to supply it with nutrients and oxygen and to remove metabolic wastes and carbon dioxide. Stabilization of medical problem with careful monitoring, and active prevention and timely management of secondary complications are of the utmost important for reducing stroke morality rates and avoiding further ischemic brain injury. For the ischemic cerebral lesion itself, as yet no treatment or combination of treatment has been established to be universally effective[3]. However, current studies allow for the following 5 potential therapeutic areas to be identified

Volume of distribution and plasma concentration of alprazolam in hepatic insufficient patients

The volume of distribution and plasma concentration of alprazolam were assessed in fifteen hepatic insufficient patients. For this purpose, tab. Alprazolam 0.25 mg, orally was given twice a day, to five healthy, normal [control] subjects and fifteen hepatic insufficient patient. Drug was given for a period of twenty one days. Plasma concentration and Vd of alprazolam were evaluated on day seven and twenty one. Control group showed no change in plasma concentration and Vd on day 7 and 21. In hepatic group, there was a remarkable difference in plasma concentration on day 7 and 21, when compared with controls. In contrast, there was slight reduction in Vd in control vs hepatic group on day 21. So the study revealed that prolonged alprazolam treatment have less effect on Vd as compared to plasma concentration which was raised during long term therapy. Therefore, it is suggested that, the dose of alprazolm should be reduced in hepatic insufficient patients