Bipolar disorder in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome [PCO]

This study was designed to determine the prevalence of bipolar disorder in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome [PCO]. One hundred and ten women with definite diagnosis of PCO and one hundred and ten age-matched infertile women due to other reasons except for PCO were enrolled in this case control study. Ten ml fasting venous blood sample obtained to measure fasting glucose, LH and FSH. Height, weight and waist-to-hip ratio [WHR] were also recorded by an expert technician. A psychiatrist examined all 220 cases in order to determine the prevalence of depression and bipolarity. Mean age of each group participants were not significantly different while FBS, LH and LH/FSH levels were significantly higher in PCO patients. Eighty eight case were depressed in PCO group while 96 were depressed in control group [P=0.03]. Bipolar disorder were higher in PCO group in comparison with controls [8 vs. 0, P=0.004]. Psychiatric disorders should be considered in PCO women

Effect of mindfulness based stress reduction on quality of life [SF-36] and spirometry parameters, in chemically pulmonary injured veterans

Studies have shown that Mindfulness Based Stress Reuction [MBSR] has positive effect on physical and psychological dimensions of chronic illnesses. In this study for the first time we examine the effect of this new technique on quality of life and pulmonary function in chemically pulmonary injured veterans who have chronic pulmonary problem, psychological problems and low quality of life. Forty male pulmonary injured veterans were randomly replaced in two groups with 20 participants [MBSR and control Wait List [WL]]. Then MBSR group received 8-weekly session intervention. We evaluate quality of life [used SF-36 questionnaire] and Spirometry parameters two times; before and after intervention in two group. We used "mixed factorial analyses of variance" test for analyzing data in each dependent variables. Then if we have significant interactional effect, we used "paired - sample t-test" for comparing before and after intervention data of each group, and "Independent-Sample t-test" for comparing after intervention data of two groups. The MBSR compare to WL group improved SF-36 total score, [F[1,38] =12.09, P=0.001], "Role limitations due to physical problems" [F[1,38]= 6.92, P=0.01], "Role limitations due to emotional problems" [F[1,38]= 7.75, P=0.008], "Social functioning" [F[1,38]= 9.89, P=0.003], "Mental health" [F[1,38]= 15.93, P=0], "Vitality" [F[1,38]= 40.03, P

Comparison between complementary dietary treatment of Alzheimer disease in Iranian traditional medicine and modern medicine

Dietary notifications have been introduced recently for Alzheimer Disease [AD]. In Iranian old medical manuscripts, there are some nutritional recommendations related to Nesyan [AD equivalent]. The aim of this article was to compare dietary recommendations of Iranian traditional medicine [ITM] with novel medical outcomes. 1] Searching for dietary recommendations and abstinences described in ITM credible manuscripts; 2] Extracting fatty components of ITM diet according to the database of the Department of Agriculture of the USA; 3] Statistical analysis of fatty elements of traditionally recommended foods via Mann-Whitney Test in comparison with elements of the abstinent ones; 4] Searching for AD dietary recommendations and abstinences which currently published in medical journals; 5] Comparing traditional and new dietary suggestions with each other. 1] Traditionally recommended foods are fattier than abstinent ones [P<0.001]. There are meaningful differences between unsaturated fatty acids [UFAs] [P<0.001], saturated fatty acids [P<0.001], and cholesterol [P<0.05] of recommended foods and abstinent ones. 2] Traditionally recommended diet is also fattier than the abstinent diet [4.5 times]; UFAs of the recommended diet is 11 times more than that of the abstinent one; it is the same story for cholesterol [1.4 times]; 3] Recent studies show that diets with high amounts of UFAs have positive effects on AD; a considerable number of papers emphasizes on probable positive role of cholesterol on AD; 4] Traditional recommended diet is in agreement with recent studies. ITM recommended diet which is full of unsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol can be utilized for complementary treatment of AD

Trends in change of mental health status in the population of tehran between 1998 and 2007

According to a WHO report, the world will face great changes in the epidemiology of diseases in next three decades. Infectious and communicable diseases will be replaced by mental disorders at an alarming rate [9], making psychiatric disorders the most common cause of disability and premature death. This study compares trends and changes in the mental health of the residents of Tehran [> 15 years old] in 1998 and 2007. This study was an overview of two cross-sectional, descriptive researches that were performed in 1998 and 2007. The study populations in these two studies were residents of Tehran. Samples were recruited by regular randomized cluster sampling. In both studies, the General Health Questionnaire [GHQ-28] was used to assess mental health. Trained physicians and health experts completed questionnaires, and data were analyzed by SPSS software [Version 18]. The results showed that 21.5% of participants in the 1998 survey suffered from mental disorders, of which 27.7% were women and 14.9% were men. In 2007, this figure increased to 34.2% [37.9% in woman and 28.6% in men]. The prevalence of mental disorders increased from 1998 until 2007 by about 1.6 fold [1.4 fold for women and 1.9 fold for men]. In both studies, the risk of mental disorders increased with increasing age. Anxiety symptoms were more prevalent in both studies compared to somatization, depression, and social dysfunction scales. The result shows a dramatic increase of mental disorder prevalence in Tehran from 1998 until 2007. We believe there is a lack of sufficient and qualified facilities for mental health provisions in Tehran. Based on these facts, policymakers and officials have to place greater importance in controlling stressful situations that predispose people to mental disorders, with the intent to improve the mental health of Tehran residents

Mental health status of individuals fifteen years and older in Tehran-Iran [2009]

This survey was implemented as a part of the Urban Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool [Urban HEART Project] in Tehran, Iran. Since an accurate programming in order to provide mental health services in the province of Tehran requires basic and essential information, the present study was carried out to determine the mental health status of a population sample aged 15 years and over in the mentioned city. The present research was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The statistical population comprised all individuals residing in the 22 areas of Tehran Municipality. Regular random cluster sampling was used in order to choose the subjects from among the households in the mentioned areas. In total, 19370 subjects [7705 male and 11665 female] completed the 28-item version of the General Health Questionnaire for the assessment of mental health. Data were collected and analyzed by trained personnel of Tehran municipality health centers. The results of this survey indicated that 34.2% of the population in the age group 15 years and above suffer from mental disorders [37.9% of women and 28.6% of men]. Women's relative risk of developing mental disorders was 1.3 times higher than that of men. The risk of mental disorders increased with age; and divorced or widowed people were 1.5 times more likely to develop mental disorders compared with single and married individuals. Housewives and unemployed men had the highest risk of developing mental disorders. The highest rates of positive responses to questions on the GHQ-28 were related to malaise and being bad-tempered, anxiety and apprehension, inability to allocate time to tasks, insomnia and hopelessness. Anxiety and somatization were more common than social dysfunction and depression. It is estimated that about 2 million individuals in Tehran require mental health care. Also, insufficient number of psychiatrists and psychiatric beds, indicates that there is a need to provide appropriate staff and facilities to make mental health care available in large cities such as Tehran. The provision of life skills workshops for general population is also suggested, in order to enable individuals to cope with stressful situations in urban areas

Psychiatric Intervention Improved Pregnancy Rates in Infertile Couples

Background: Infertility has mental, social, and reproductive consequences. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of psychiatric intervention on the pregnancy rate of infertile couples. Methods: In an experimental and intervention-control study, 638 infertile patients who were referred to a university infertility clinic were evaluated; 140 couples (280 patients) with depression (from mild to severe) in at least one of the spouses were followed. All couples provided informed consent and were randomly numbered from 1 to 140. Those with even numbers were assigned to the psychological intervention before infertility treatment, and those with odd numbers were assigned to the psychological intervention during infertility treatment. Patients in the experimental group received 6–8 sessions of psychotherapy (individually) before beginning infertility treatment and were given Fluoxetine (antidepressant) at 20–60 mg per day during the psychotherapy period. The control group did not receive any intervention. Three questionnaires, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Stress Scale (Holmes-Rahe), and a sociodemographic questionnaire, were administered to all patients before and after treatment. The clinical pregnancy rate was compared between the two groups based on sonographic detection of gestational sac 6 weeks after the last menstrual period. The data were analysed by t test, X2 and logistic regression methods. Results: Pregnancy occurred in 33 (47.1%) couples in the treatment group and in only 5 (7.1%) couples in the control group. There was a significant difference in pregnancy rate between the treatment and control groups (X2= 28.318, P < 0.001). To determine the effectiveness of psychiatric interventions on pregnancy, a logistic regression analysis was used. In this analysis, all demographic and infertility variables were entered in a stepwise manner. The results showed that in the treatment group, Pregnancy in the treatment group was 14 times higher than the control group (95% CI 4.8 to 41.7). Furthermore, cause of infertility was an effective factor of pregnancy. The adjusted odds ratio in male factor infertility was 0.115 (95% CI 0.02 to 0.55) and in both factors (male and female) infertility was 0.142 (95% CI 0.03 to 0.76) compared with the unexplained group. In this study, no other variables had any significant effect on pregnancy. Conclusion: Based on the effectiveness of psychiatric interventions in increasing pregnancy rate, it is crucial to mandate psychiatric counselling in all fertility centres in order to diagnose and treat infertile patients with psychiatric disorders.

Psychological dimensions in patients admitted in Imam Khomeini general hospital in Tehran

The aim of this study was to assess the mental health of patients admitted in Internal medicine, Surgery and Gynecology wards of Imam Khomeini Hospital of Tehran in 2009. The symptom checklist-90-R [SCL-90-R] questionnaire was administered for 93 patients in internal, surgical and gynecological wards of Imam Khomeini hospital in 2009. In this study, the mean age was [32.89 +/- 12.69] with a range of 14 to 70 years old. 42 patients [44.7%] were male and 52 [59.6%] were female; 56 patients [59.6%] were married and 37 [40.4%] were single. There is a significant relationship between gender and marital status [P<0.04]. According to cut of point of Global Severity Index [GSI] which was reported in a study [0.7], 58.1 percent of the patients have different levels of psychiatric problems [GSI>0.7]. In psychiatric symptoms, somatization has the highest prevalence [90.5%], and depression [77.9%] and anxiety [71.6%] have a higher prevalence than other symptoms among patients who suffer from psychiatric problems. According to the result of the current study, there is a high prevalence of psychiatric problems among the admitted patients in Internal medicine, Surgery and Gynecology wards of a general hospital according to SCL-90-R questionnaire. This study advises that more attention be given to mental health in general hospitals

Prevalence of mood disorders in Iran

To study the prevalence and demographic characteristics of mood disorders among Iranian adults. In this cross-sectional population-based epidemiological study [age 18] in Iran, 25180 individuals were selected through a randomized cluster sampling method for a diagnosis using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia [SADS]. They were then interviewed at home by 250 trained clinical psychologists. The estimated lifetime prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder [MOD] and Minor Depressive Disorder [mDD] were 3.1% and 0.3% respectively. Also, the estimated lifetime prevalence of Bipolar Mood disorder [BMD] type I and type II were 0.1% and 0.7% respectively. The current prevalence of MDD, mDD, BMD-I and BMD-II were 1.8%. 0.2%, 0.04%, and 0.3% respectively. Mood disorders were associated with female gender, lower education, being married, being middle-aged, living in cities, and not being a homemaker. The prevalence of mood disorders was lower among Iranian adults than reported in Western studies, and a number of demographic associations differed from those reported in Western studies: Important cultural differences in the nature or manifestation of depression are implied by these results