ABSTRACT
In the present study, samples of rhizosphere and root nodules were collected from different areas of Pakistan to isolate plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. Identification of bacterial isolates was made by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and taxonomical confirmation on EzTaxon Server. The identified bacterial strains were belonged to 5 genera i.e. Ensifer, Bacillus, Pseudomona, Leclercia and Rhizobium. Phylogenetic analysis inferred from 16S rRNA gene sequences showed the evolutionary relationship of bacterial strains with the respective genera. Based on phylogenetic analysis, some candidate novel species were also identified. The bacterial strains were also characterized for morphological, physiological, biochemical tests and glucose dehydrogenase (gdh) gene that involved in the phosphate solublization using cofactor pyrroloquinolone quinone (PQQ). Seven rhizoshperic and 3 root nodulating stains are positive for gdh gene. Furthermore, this study confirms a novel association between microbes and their hosts like field grown crops, leguminous and non-leguminous plants. It was concluded that a diverse group of bacterial population exist in the rhizosphere and root nodules that might be useful in evaluating the mechanisms behind plant microbial interactions and strains QAU-63 and QAU-68 have sequence similarity of 97 and 95% which might be declared as novel after further taxonomic characterization.
Subject(s)
Bacteria/classification , Bacteria/isolation & purification , Plant Roots/microbiology , Soil Microbiology , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Bacteria/genetics , Cluster Analysis , Cytosol/chemistry , DNA, Bacterial/chemistry , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Genes , Glucose 1-Dehydrogenase/genetics , Molecular Sequence Data , Pakistan , Phylogeny , Plants , Quinones/analysis , Rhizosphere , /genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
Glucose dehydrogenase (GDH; EC 1.1. 5.2) is the member of quinoproteins group that use the redox cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinoine, calcium ions and glucose as substrate for its activity. In present study, Leclercia sp. QAU-66, isolated from rhizosphere of Vigna mungo, was characterized for phosphate solubilization and the role of GDH in plant growth promotion of Phaseolus vulgaris. The strain QAU-66 had ability to solubilize phosphorus and significantly (p < 0.05) promoted the shoot and root lengths of Phaseolus vulgaris. The structural determination of GDH protein was carried out using bioinformatics tools like Pfam, InterProScan, I-TASSER and COFACTOR. These tools predicted the structural based functional homology of pyrroloquinoline quinone domains in GDH. GDH of Leclercia sp. QAU-66 is one of the main factor that involved in plant growth promotion and provides a solid background for further research in plant growth promoting activities.
Subject(s)
Enterobacteriaceae/enzymology , Enterobacteriaceae/physiology , Glucose 1-Dehydrogenase/genetics , Nerve Growth Factors , Phaseolus/growth & development , Phaseolus/microbiology , Cluster Analysis , Computational Biology , Cytosol/chemistry , DNA, Bacterial/chemistry , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Enterobacteriaceae/genetics , Enterobacteriaceae/isolation & purification , Glucose 1-Dehydrogenase/chemistry , Models, Molecular , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , Protein Conformation , Protein Structure, Tertiary , Phosphorus/metabolism , Plant Roots/growth & development , Plant Shoots/growth & development , Quinones/analysis , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Sequence HomologyABSTRACT
Background: Since antibiotic resistance of uropathogens has gradually been rising, knowledge of antimicrobial resistance pattern of Escherichia coli (Esch. coli), the predominant pathogen of urinary tract infection (UTI), is important in selecting empirical antimicrobial therapy. Objectives: To find out the common organisms causing UTI with their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in Enam Medical College Hospital. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in the department of Microbiology, Enam Medical College Hospital, Savar, Dhaka between January 2010 to June 2011 to see the antimicrobial resistance pattern of Esch. coli in urine sample. A total of 512 urine samples were studied from clinically suspected UTI cases irrespective of age and sex. Esch. coli were isolated and antibiogram of the isolates were done. Results: The results of antibiogram revealed the resistance pattern of the isolated Esch. coli to ampicillin (93.94%), cefradine (70.71%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (48.49%), azithromycin (41.42%), ciprofloxacin (39.40%), ceftazidime (35.56%), nitrofurantoin (29.30%), ceftriaxone (10.11%), gentamicin (7.08%) and imipenem (3.04%). Conclusion: It can be inferred that our findings will render useful information to clinicians in determining the appropriately directed antimicrobial regimen when given empirically.
ABSTRACT
Flowering time in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is controlled by vernalization and photoperiod response, and earliness per se genes. The genetic basis of flowering time has not been investigated in Pakistani bread wheat. This study was, therefore, conducted to determine the allelic composition at Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1, Vrn-B3 and Ppd-D1a loci of 59 Pakistani spring bread wheat cultivars. These cultivars, along with 4 isogenic lines for vernalization genes were characterized with previously reported DNA markers designed for detecting allelic variation at 4 Vrn (Vernalization) and 1 Ppd (Photoperiod) loci. Spring habit Vrn-A1a allele was found in 36 percent cultivars either alone or with spring habit Vrn-B1 and Vrn-D1 alleles. Two wheat cultivars had the dominant Vrn-A1c allele, whereas none of the cultivars had Vrn-A1b. Spring habit Vrn-B1 was the most frequent allele (64 percent) present either alone or with Vrn-A1a, Vrn-A1c and Vrn-D1. Spring habit Vrn-D1 was found in 61 percent cultivars. Vrn-D1 was singly found in 25 percent cultivars and along with Vrn-B1 in 29 percent cultivars. Dominant Vrn-B3 was absent in all cultivars studied. All cultivars except Era had the photoperiod insensitive allele Ppd-D1a. We did not find any association between the flowering time and Vrn allelic composition of the studied cultivars. This indicated that the partial vernalization requirement of cultivars with Vrn-B1 and Vrn-D1 alleles is probably fulfilled during Pakistani growing season. Earliness per se and the photoperiod sensitive loci other than Ppd-D1 need to be investigated to further understand the genetic basis of flowering time in Pakistani wheat.
Subject(s)
Triticum/growth & development , Triticum/genetics , Pakistan , Photoperiod , Seasons/methodsABSTRACT
Tracheobronchial obstruction along with compression of pulmonary vessels is a rare complication after stenting of aortic aneurysm. We present this rare situation in a young patient who underwent stenting of traumatic thoracic aortic aneurysm and developed this near fatal complication and also the conservative management plan which we adopted to manage this case