Effect of lymphoid tissue hypertrophy of the pharynx on pulmonary functions and arterial blood gases

This study included 80 patients complaining of tonsilloadenoid enlargement, they were classified into four groups: The first with enlarged adenoids only, the second with enlarged adenoids and tonsils, the third with enlarged tonsils only aged 11-20 years and the fourth with enlarged tonsils only aged 21-30 years. Arterial blood gases and pulmonary function tests were estimated before and nine months after the operation of adenoidectomy, adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy or tonsillectomy according to the patient group. PaO2 forced expiratory volume [FEV1] and forced vital capacity [FVC] showed a significant statistical increase after the operation in all groups, while PaCO2 showed a significant statistical decrease in patients with enlarged adenoids and patients with enlarged tonsils and adenoids and insignificant statistical decrease in patients with enlarged tonsils aged 11-20 years and 21-30 years

Experimental scleroma

Doubt has been thrown on the relation between Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis and Scleroma because of incomplete fulfillment of Koch's Postulates. In this work [40] rabbits and [20] Guinea pigs were inoculated intranasally by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis. No deaths resulted. The animals were sacrificed at 2 weeks, 6 weeks and 8 weeks after inoculation. Significant pathological changes were limited to the lungs of the animals inoculated with the Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis organism [80 percent in guinea pigs, and 67.5 percent in rabbits]. These pathological changes became more marked with passage of time. Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis was recovered in pure Culture from the lungs of the affected animals. This fulfilled Koch's postulates and pointed to Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis as the causative organism of Scleroma

Incidence of allergic rhinitis ABO blood groups

It is well defined that there is an association between ABO system and some diseases. In 1941, Levine discovered the association between haemolytic diseases of the newborn and the Rh blood group. The best example of association is that the incidence of cancer stomach, pernicious anaemia and salivary gland tumours is significantly higher in people with blood group [A] than in people with blood group [0] [McCannelt, 1966]. This study has been done to spot light on the possibility of the association between ABO system and allergic rhinitis. One hundred patients suffering from symptoms of allergic rhinitis were examined and followed up and investigations have been done in the form of ABO blood group determination, total IgE measurement and determination of circulating specific IgE antibodies in human serum by enzyme linked immunoassay. 65 percent of all patients have been diagnosed clinically and by laboratory investigations as allergic rhinitis patients. The present study showed that the incidence of allergic rhinitis was more in patients with group [A] while it is considered rare in the patients with group [O] and there is no relation in the patients with blood group [AB] and [B]

association between allergic rhinitis and food hypersensitivities

The relationship between respiratory allergies and food allergies are becoming increasingly well recognized and may rest on the presence of related determinants on allergenic proteins from different sources. Fifty patients suffering from symptoms of allergic rhinitis, when eating some food items, were examined, investigated and followed up in the outpatient clinic. 52 percent of all patients showed specific IgE antibodies in their sera against one or more of these food items: egg white, milk, fish, wheat, peanut and soya bean. 21 of the patients [total 26 patients] who showed food allergy, showed association of allergy against one or more of other inhalant allergens and 5 patients only showed food allergy alone. Ten patients out of the twenty one showed food allergy, and pure pollen allergy against grass and weed pollen mix. Twenty four patients [92 percent] out of twenty six showed blood eosinophilia. Twenty one patients [81 percent] out of twenty six showed high total IgE range. To date, cross-reactivities of IgE antibodies appear to be the most probable explanation for the observed clinical symptoms. Similarly, a clinical history of food allergy may be associated with latent respiratory allergy. When both respiratory and food allergies appear in the clinical history of allergic subjects, avoidance of both sources may be considered to be a good therapeutic measure; desensitization to one of the allergenic proteins may also result in desensitization to the other

Middle ear pressure changes pre and post adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy

Middle ear diseases secondary to upper respiratory tract infection or obstruction is a common pathological condition. Eustachian tube dysfunction is widely accepted as an important contributory cause of diseases of the middle ear. Some investigators support the opinion that mechanical obstruction of the Eustachian tube could occur due to the bulk of big adenoids. Others consider the effect of inflammatory oedema, due to secondary salpingitis from infected adenoids on tubal patency. Adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy are controversial operations as regard their effect on the middle ear areation and pressure. They are frequently undertaken to improve the Eustachian tube function in children and less frequently in adults. Seventy children aged between 4-10 years of both sexes were chosen from the E.N.T. outpatient clinic of El-Minia University Hospital and all had the criteria favoring adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy. They were divided into three groups: [A] 30 Children were subjected to tonsillectomy alone, [B] 30 children were subjected to adenotonsillectomy, [C] 10 children were subjected to adenoidectomy alone. It can be concluded that hypertrophied adenoids cause. Eustachian malfunction resulting in increased negative middle ear pressure. Also, adenoidectomy especially if big or moderate sized, had a favorable effect in improving the middle ear pressure and the Eustachian tube function. So, early adenoidectomy may impede the onset of secretory otitis media and thus eliminating the need for ventilation tube

Difference in microbiology between superficial and deep tissue in cases of tonsillitis

This study was designed to examine the bacteriology of the superficial surface and deep tonsillar core of 60 patients suffering from recurrent tonsillitis with particular reference to the causative aerobes. The commonest preoperative superficial tonsillar swabs were B-hemolytic streptococcus from 21 cases [35%], Staphylococcus aureus from 15 cases [25%] and Hemophilus influenza from 9 cases [15%], while the commonest organisms isolated from the deep tonsillar surface were B-hemolytic streptococcus from 13 cases [21.66%], Staphylococcus aureus from 11 cases [18.33%], Hemophilus influenza from 10 cases [16.66%]. Thus, this study indicated that a superficial throat swab is a very poor indicator of the type of infection, since the pathogenic flora inside the tonsil is different from that in the surface. A surface throat swab fails to detect the organism in a large number of cases, especially where the infection lies deep inside. Deep tonsillar microflora have to be considered as a very significant factor in recurrent tonsillitis. So, it is necessary to recognize the deeply seated pathogens when selecting antibiotic therapy for patients with recurrent tonsillitis

Study of the differences in microbiology between children and adults in cases of tonsillitis

This study was carried out on 100 patients, 50 of them were aged 1-5 years [children] and the others 50 were aged 15-40 years [adults]. The study was designed to examine and compare the aerobic bacteria of the surface of the tonsils of children and adults in cases of acute tonsillitis. The commonest organisms isolated from the tonsils of children were: Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci [38%], Staphylococcus aureus [20%], Streptococcus pneumonia [10%], Hemophilus influenza [8%] and diphteroids [8%]. In adults, the commonest organisms were: Staphylococcus aureus [34%], group A beta- hemolytic streptococci [22%], Escherichia coli [10%], Streptococcus pneumonia [4%] and Hemophilus influenza [4%]. This comparison may be of importance for the choice of the appropriate antibiotics for the treatment of tonsillitis in children and adults

Comparative study and evaluation of tonsillectomy operation by dissection and by diathermy knife

Sixty patients were selected to benefit from tonsillectomy. Thirty of them were operated upon by the dissection method and the other thirty patients by diathermy. It was found that diathermy is preferred in decreasing the operation time and the intraoperative blood loss, but the reactionary hemorrhage is more prevalent, secondary hemorrhage is equal in both methods, trauma to mucosa and pillars in case of diathermy occurred only in the initial cases, which means that training decrease the percentage of trauma