ABSTRACT
To study knee angles in the adult Saudi population and compare their values to the published data from other populations. Antero-posterior bilateral radiographs of 333 normal knees of 120 males and 213 females, with age range of 18-65 years, were studied retrospectively at King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from January 2009 to December 2009. Tibiofemoral [TFA], lateral distal femoral [LDFA], and lateral proximal tibial [LPTA] angles were measured and the mean of each angle was calculated. The relationship between each angle and age, gender, and side of the body was tested, and compared with the international figures. The mean for TFA in Saudis was 174.41 degrees, LDFA was 90.07 degrees and LPTA was 89.42 degrees. All angles were not significantly related to gender. Significant relations existed between TFA and side of the body, and between LDFA and age. Variations in means and ranges of knee angles between the Saudi and other populations were determined. A significant difference existed between means of TFA, LDFA, and LPTA of Saudis and those of Caucasians, between mean of TFA of Saudis and that of Chinese, and between mean of LPTA of Saudi males and that of Chinese males. The means of TFA of selected age groups in Saudis differed significantly when compared to those in the corresponding age groups in Japanese and Australian Caucasians. Knee angles are like many other skeletal angles that may have ethnic variation between different populations. The study reinforces the need for reference values of knee angles in a given population
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to measure Bohler s angle [BA] and Gissane s angle [GA] in the Saudi population and compare their values to the published data. Lateral plain radiographs of 229 normal feet and ankles of 158 females and 71 males, with age range of 15-72 years, were studied retrospectively at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between 2002 and 2003. Bohler's angle and GA were measured and the mean and standard deviation of each angle were calculated. The relationship between each angle and age, gender, and side of body was tested, and compared to international figures. The mean BA in the Saudi population was 31.21 degree with a range of 16-47 degree. The mean GA was 116.16 degree with a range of 96-152 degrees. Bohler's angle and GA are not significantly related to age, gender, or side of body. Moreover, the range of both angles was wider than that reported in the literature. The study shows the difference between the Saudi and various other populations in regard to BA and GA, and reinforces the need to establish the normal ranges of BA and GA in a given population