ABSTRACT
Background@#Mandibular fractures are common in camels, leading to considerable economic losses. This study explored methods of improving mandibular fractures repair, adjuvant with interdental wire, or bone plate fixation. Autologous bone marrow (BM) injection enhances osteogenesis and rapid healing. @*Objectives@#To investigate the effect of autologous BM aspirate as an adjuvant treatment for repairing mandibular fractures in camels with interdental wire, or bone plate fixation. @*Methods@#Thirty dromedary camels aged 5–8 years and of both sexes were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups: group 1 (n = 10) treated with stainless steel wire fixation and BM injection at the fracture line, group 2 (n = 10) treated with plate fixation and BM injection at the fracture line, group 3 (n = 5) treated with stainless steel bone wire fixation and placebo saline injection at the fracture line, and group 4 (n = 5) treated with plate fixation and placebo injection at the fracture line. The mandibular fractures were followed weekly for 12 weeks postoperatively to assess improvement and healing based on clinical evaluation, radiographic union scale, and bone turnover markers (i.e., bone alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, pyridinoline, and deoxypyridinoline). @*Results@#Compared to other groups, elevated bone turnover markers in group 1 were demonstrated (p < 0.05) on the seventh postoperative day. Likewise, compared to other groups, both clinical findings and radiographic union scale significantly improved (p < 0.05) in group 1 on the 56th postoperative day. @*Conclusions@#BM aspirate has a promising beneficial osteogenic effect on mandibular fracture repair in camels, most notably when combined with interdental wire fixation.
ABSTRACT
Portal hypertension is an important and potentially fatal complication of liver disease whereby cellular and fibrotic alterations manifest to increase portal venous pressure. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of captopril, pentoxifylline [PTX], and cordyceps sinensis in pre-hepatic portal hypertensive rats. Wister male rats were divided at random into 3 main groups: the first group: control rats. The second group: sham-operated rats and the third group: prehepatic portal hypertensive rats [PHPHT] induced by regulated pre-hepatic portal vein ligation. After 14 days, Group 3 was subdivided into 5 subgroups. Subgroup [1]: portal vein-ligated [PVL] was killed at once; Subgroup [2]: received distilled water for 30 days [untreated PVL group]; subgroups 3-5 were treated with captopril [60 mg/kg, orally]; PTX [100 mg/kg, orally]; and C. sinensis [200 mg/kg, orally], respectively, as a single daily dose for 30 days. Portal pressure, nitric oxide [NO], antioxidant enzymes, Liver enzymes, and creatinine levels were measured to evaluate the status of the liver state. Portal vein ligation produced significant increments in liver enzymes, NO, creatinine and portal pressure concomitant with significant decrements in glutathione content and superoxide dismutase activity. Treatment with captopril, PTX, and C. sinensis resulted in a significant reduction in liver enzymes, NO, creatinine and portal pressure and observable increase in antioxidant enzymes. Captopril, PTX, and C. sinensis have promising effect in controlling PHPHT and reducing hyperdynamic circulatory state through reduction of portal pressure and NO level
Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Male , Captopril , Pentoxifylline , Cordyceps , Rats, Wistar , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Sheep and goats are frequently presented with different forms of hernias to veterinary clinics. The aim of this study is to investigate the outcome of the surgical treatment of abdominal, umbilical, inguinal and scrotal hernias in sheep and goats. Fifty-eight clinical cases (sheep = 44, goat = 14) were presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia from September, 2003 to September, 2006. These animals had abdominal (sheep = 30, goat = 10), umbilical (sheep = 6, goat = 4), inguinal (sheep = 7) and scrotal (sheep = 1) hernias. All the cases of hernias in sheep and goats were subjected to full study including the history of the case, classification of hernias, the size of the hernial ring, surgical repair of the hernias, adhesions between the hernial sacs in each case, the postoperative care and follow up of the cases. The results revealed that gender had an effect on the incidence of hernia. The incidence of abdominal hernias was higher in females and the incidence of inguinal hernia was higher in males. There was a positive correlation between the history of hernia and the degree of adhesion. For the sheep, 26 out of 30 cases of abdominal hernia had good outcomes and the healing was excellent. There were postoperative complications in 4 ewes. For the goats, there were slight swellings at the site of operation in 2 out of 10 cases of abdominal hernia, while the remaining 8 cases had good outcomes. There was one case of umbilical hernia with an umbilical abscess that had broken down with sepsis formation at the surgical site. In conclusion, the success rates of surgical treatment for all types of hernias were very high and there were no significant differences in the success rates among the different types of hernias in both sheep and goats. The types of suture materials and the types of hernias had no significant effect on the outcome of the surgical treatment.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Goat Diseases/pathology , Goats , Hernia/pathology , Sheep , Sheep Diseases/pathologyABSTRACT
Fifty patients with chronic renal failure were involved in this study. A radiocephalic fistula of the Brescia-Cimino type was newly created for hemodialysis in 45 patients. Nine of these 45 patients, showed an immediate fistula failure. Several hemodynamic parameters were found to be of important prognostic values to ensure a successful fistula outcome with a flow rate of >200 ml/min. A preoperative subclavien vein flow of >300 ml/min. and an arterial inflow of >/40 ml/min. were associated with a high fistula success rate. Besides, a postoperative decrease in resistively index [RI] of the inflow artery of >/0.1 resulted in a 100% success rate. Flow measurements were done by utilizing color flow duplex imaging. Therefore, the use of duplex imaging is beneficial during the evaluation of patients, who are candidates for an arteriovenous fistula operation. The remaining five patients had an already cerated arteriovenous fistula. They were studied with high output fistulas. This category of patients underwent banding correction of the existing fistulas. The banding technique resulted in reduction of fistula flow rates by a mean value of more than 60%