Pulmonary function tests in heroin-addicts at Karachi

Pulmonary function tests were performed on 50 heroin addicts ages ranging between 20-45 years who were known to be "dragon chasers" only. 50 tobacco smokers of the same age group were included in the study. [Controls] to compare the extent of pulmonary involvement caused by tobacco alone and tobacco plus heroin [since all heroin addicts were also cigarette smokers]. Forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in the first second [FEV1], forced expiratory volume in the first second as a percentage of forced vital capacity [FEV1 / FVC] and forced expiratory flow between 25% - 75% [FEF 25% - 75%] were measured. Both groups showed a reduction in all the spirometric variables as compared to the predicted values. The degree of reduction was more marked amongst the addicts as compared to cigarette smokers. Possible etiologic consideration to explain these findings is a direct effect of the drug on alveolar capillary membrane and terminal airways. We suggest that heroin addicts be examined for pulmonary abnormalities and along with the withdrawal of drug, be treated to avoid chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Comparison of postprandial variations in electrocardiogram in young and elderly people

Food intake is one of the most important physiological factors, which influence the cardiovascular system, and very important readjustments take place in the system after ingestion of meal. In the present study postprandial electrocardiographic changes both in young adults [n=20] and elderly people [n=50] have been compared. The P-R interval, Q-T interval, duration of QRS and amplitude of QRS complex [aQRS] showed no significant change both in elderly people and young adults. R-R interval was shortened significantly in young adult group while it remained unchanged in elderly people. The magnitude of T-wave [aT] was significantly reduced both in young adults and the elderly people