Effects of NaHS on MBP and learning and memory in hippocampus of mice with spinocerebellar ataxia / 中国应用生理学杂志

To investigate the effects of exogenous NaHS on myelin basic protein (MBP) and learning and memory of hippocampal neurons in mice with spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) and its therapeutic significance. Twelve male normal mice were randomly selected as normal control group (NC Group), and 48 SCA3 mice were randomly selected as SCA3 model group (M Group), low dose group (NL Group, 10 μmol/kg), medium dose group (NM Group, 50μmol/kg) and high dose group (NH Group, 100 μmol/kg), 12 rats in each group. The drug treated groups were injected with NaHS intraperitoneally once a day for 4 weeks. The changes of learning and memory ability of SCA3 mice before and after the intervention of different doses of NaHS were determined by Morris water maze, the content of hydrogen sulfide (HS) in hippocampus was measured by spectrophotometry, the expression of MBP was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the morphological changes of neuron myelin sheath were observed by electron microscope. Compared with the control group, the learning and memory ability of SCA3 mice was decreased significantly (P＜0.05), and the content of HS in hippocampus was decreased (P＜0.05). After different doses of exogenous NaHS treatment, the learning and memory ability was improved in different degrees (P＜0.05), and the contents of HS and MBP in hippocampus of SCA3 mice were also improved in different degrees (P＜0.05). Exogenous NaHS may increase the contents of HS and MBP in the hippocampus of SCA3 mice, which may have a protective effect on the neurons, and then improve the learning and memory ability of SCA3 mice, and provide a new idea for the treatment of SCA3.

Effects of aminooxyacetic acid on the learning and memory ability and its possible mechanism in rats with chronic alcoholism / 中国应用生理学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA) on learning and memory ability and possible mechanisms in rats with chronic alcoholism.@*METHODS@#Sixty SD male rats were randomly divided into three groups on average.The model group rats and the remedy group rats were fed with the water containing (v/v) 6% alcohol for 28 days.After 14 days, the remedy group rats were treated with AOAA (5 mg/kg·d) by intraperitoneal injection once a day for 14 days and the other two group rats were treated with the equal amount of saline by intraperitoneal injection every day.Five days before the end of the experiment, the water maze test was carried out to test the learning and memory ability of rats for 5 days.Subsequently, the content of HS, the activity of ATP enzyme and the expression of 5-HT in hippocampus were measured.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the rats in the control group, the latency and the swimming distance of the 2nd to the 4th day, the content of HS in hippocampus of rats in the model group were all increased, the mitochondrial ATP enzyme activity in hippocampus and the positive expression of 5-HT in hippocampus CA1 and CA3 of rats in the model group were decreased (<0.01).Compared with the rats in the model group, the latency and the swimming distance of the 2nd to the 4th day, the content of HS in hippocampus of the rats in the remedy group were decreased, the mitochondrial ATP enzyme activity in hippocampus and the positive expression of 5-HT in hippocampus CA1 and CA3 of rats in the model group were increased (<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#AOAA could alleviate the symptoms of chronic alcoholism rats, which may be related to the effects of AOAA on the content of HS, the mitochondrial enzyme activity and the expression of 5-HT in hippocampus.

Effects of polydatin on learning and memory and Cdk5 kinase activity in the hippocampus of rats with chronic alcoholism / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of polydatin on learning and memory and cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) kinase activity in the hippocampus of rats with chronic alcoholism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, chronic alcoholism group, low and high polydatin group. The rat chronic alcoholism model was established by ethanol 3.0 g/(kg · d) (intragastric administration). The abstinence scoring was used to evaluate the rats withdrawal symptoms; cognitive function was measured by Morris water maze experiment; Cdk5 protein expression in the hippocampus was detected by immunofluorescence; Cdk5 kinase activity in the hippocampus was detected by liquid scintillation counting method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The abstinence score, escape latency, Cdk5 kinase activity in chronic alcoholism group rats were significantly higher than those of control group (P < 0.05). The abstinence score, escape latency in high polydatin group rats were significantly lower than those of chronic alcoholism group (P < 0.05); Cdk5 kinase activity in high and low polydatin group rats was significantly lower than that of chronic alcoholism group( P < 0.05); immunofluorescence showed that the Cdk5 positive cells of chronic alcoholism group were significantly increased compared with control group (P < 0.05), and the Cdk5 positive cells of polydatin groups were significantly decreased compared with chronic alcoholism group ( P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Polydatin-reduced the chronic alcoholism damage may interrelate with regulation of Cdk5 kinase activity.</p>

Protective effects of progesterone against high intraocular pressure-induced retinal ischemia-reperfusion in rats / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the protective effect of progesterone against high intraocular pressure-induced ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four SD rats were randomly divided into normal control, IR model, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent treatment group, and progesterone treatment group. In the latter 3 groups, retinal IR injury was induced by intraocular injection of saline. In the progesterone group, intraperitoneal injections of 4 mg/kg progesterone were administered 30 min before and 2 h after ischemia, and an equivalent volume of DMSO was used in the DMSO group. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured by spectrophotometer after the treatment, and the pathological changes of the retina were observed by transmission electron microscope and light microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Six hours after reperfusion, the content of MDA in the model group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (P<0.01), but lower than that in progesterone treatment group (P<0.01); reverse changes in SOD activity was observed. In the model group, the inner nuclear layer and nerve fiber layer became thinner with obvious cellular pathologies including nuclear condensation, mitochondria vacuolization and endocytoplasmic reticulum swelling. Progesterone treatment markedly alleviated these pathologies in the inner nuclear layer and nerve fiber layer of the retina.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Progesterone offers protection of the retina against IR injury in SD rats by increasing SOD activity and decreasing MDA content in the retina.</p>

Anti-hypoxia protective role of the effective component extracted from angelia injection / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate anti-hypoxia protective roles of the effective component extracted from angelia injection using hypoxia injury model in mice and ECV304 cells separately.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The survival time of mice was observed separately under normobaric and hypobaric hypoxia. The activity of ECV304 cells was tested by MTT assay, and the mortality rate was examined by Trypan blue exclusion assay to evaluate the pharmacodynamic effects.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After exposed to hypoxia the survival time of mice was increased in medicine groups,compared with the control groups (P < 0.05). The cell survival rate was decreased and the cell mortality rate was increased after cells were exposed to hypoxia,while the cell survival rate was significantly increased (P < 0.01), and the cell mortality rate was significantly decreased (P < 0.1) in the medicine groups compared with the control groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The effective component extracted from angelia injection can protect against the injury induced by hypoxia.</p>