ABSTRACT
Congenital alopecia/hypotrichosis is a rare group of monogenic genetic hair disorders characterized by congenital limited or diffuse hair loss and scarcity, without any effective treatment. Genetic testing to identify the causative gene mutation is the gold standard for confirming the diagnosis of this group of disorders. Because of the heterogeneity in clinical features and genetic pattern of this group of diseases, it is very easy to misdiagnose and mistreat them as diffuse baldness or androgenic alopecia and other acquired alopecia, so clinicians should improve their understanding of this group of diseases. With the continuous development of molecular biology techniques in recent years, a variety of causative genes for congenital alopecia/hypotrichosis have been identified so far, and the pathogenesis of some of these genes and their corresponding subtypes have been clarified. In this paper, we reviewed the clinical manifestations and genetic research progress of non-syndromic congenital alopecia/ hypotrichosis, in order to facilitate clinicians' comprehensive understanding of these rare hair diseases and improve clinical diagnosis and treatment.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To assess the urethral mobility of normal parous women in China and explore the impacts of related risk factors on it using translabial ultrasound.Methods:Females who met the inclusion criteria in 37 tertiary hospitals from February 2017 to August 2018 were included. All women underwent standardized translabial ultrasound examination and the urethral rotation angle (URA), bladder neck position at maximum Valsalva maneuver (BNP-V) and bladder neck descent (BND) were measured. Questionnaires were used to collect basic information including age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), past medical history, maternity history, and urinary incontinence related history. Mann-Whitney U test and multiple linear regression analysis were adopted to explore the influences of age, BMI, delivery mode and parity on normal parous women′s urethral mobility. Then, the study subjects were divided into different groups and the corresponding values of URA, BNP-V and BND were compared. Results:Compared with parous women with normal BMI and no history of vaginal delivery, those who were overweight and/or had a history of vaginal delivery were more likely to gain greater URA and BND ( P<0.05). The URA and BND were not significantly different between women with different times of cesarean sections ( P>0.05); while for women with a history of vaginal delivery, these two parameters increased with the increase of the number of transvaginal deliveries ( P<0.05). Conclusions:BMI and vaginal delivery are important risk factors for the urethral mobility of normal parous women. The urethral mobility increases with the increase of BMI and the number of vaginal deliveries.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo identify the chemical composition of stem, leaf and peel ofCynanchumchinese R.Br..MethodsFourier IR spectra, the second derivative spectrum and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy were adopted to identify IR of different parts ofCynanchumchinese R.Br..ResultsIt was found that the IR spectra of the leaf was similar to that of the peel but was different from the stem. What’s more, in the second derivative spectra of the leaf, it showed that the absorption peak was strong at the position of 1 543 cm-1, 1 515 cm-1, 1 499 cm-1 and 1 467 cm-1, respectively and there existed carbonyl absorption peak at 1 738 cm-1 and 1 659 cm-1 in addition. Therefore, it was inferred that flavonoids were the major components while less in the stem and peel.ConclusionsThe differences of the three parts aboutCynanchumchinese R.Br. were studied through IR spectrum macroscopically, which provided reference for exploring the constituents and clinical medication.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo evaluate the impacts of pereutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) on perioperative renal hemodynamics.MethodsThe hemodynamics of operated renal arteries of 30 patients who underwent unilateral PCNL with single pole access were observed 1 day before and 5-7 days after operation with CDFI.Parameters were analyzed statistically.ResultsAfter operation,resistance index (RI) of renal arteries decreased (P＜0.05).The diastolic flow statistically increased at main renal artery (MRA) of renal hilus,interlobar renal artery and interlobular renal artery (all P＜0.05).After PCNL,in serious hydronephrosis patients,RI decreased (P＜0.05) at segmental renal artery (SRA) and interlobar artery,end-diastolic flow velocity (Vmin) increased at interlobar renal artery (P＜0.05).In moderate hydronephrosis patients,RI decreased at all renal arteries (P＜0.05) after PCNL,Vmin increased at MRA and interlobular renal artery (P＜0.05).In minor hydronephrosis patients,RI decreased at MRA and SRA,Vmin increased at SRA.In patients without hydronephrosis,RI changeed like serious hydronephrosis patients.ConclusionAfter PCNL,ipsilateral renal perfusion improves,renal diastolic flow increases and RI decreases.CDFI can be used to observe the blood perfusion of kidney,and provide quantitative information of renal hemodynamics.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To explore urinary tract infection.METHODS Totally 750 clinical isolates of urinary tract infection were collected from patients who were cured in our hospital from 2001 to 2003,then analyzed the kinds of these bacterials and sensitive rate to antibiotics.RESULTS The percentage of Gram-negative bacilli was 53.60%,in which Escherichia coli was 38.13%;The percentage of Gram-positive cocci was 35.20%,in which Enterococcus were 16.53%;the percentage of fungi was 11.20%.The resistance rate of Escherichia coli to ampicillin,amoxicillin/clavulanic acid,quinolones,nalidixic acid and SXT was 80.54%,57.69%,45.00-71.00%, 71.23% and 65.14%,respectively,and the resistance rate to amikacin was lower than to gentamicin(5.82% vs 39.11%,P