Management of a maxillary second premolar with an S-shaped root canal – An endodontic challenge.

Knowledge of dental anatomy and its variations is essential for the success of endodontic treatment Complex and unusual root canal morphology is an often occurring phenomenon. One such variant root canal morphology is the ‘S’ shaped or bayonet shaped root canal. The unique morphology of S-shaped root canals often pose utmost challenges in their endodontic management routine periapical radiographs aids in assessing these morphological variations in the root canal system This case report discusses endodontic treatment of a maxillary second premolar with an ‘S’ shaped root canal.

Eating habits and body mass index of medical students of shaheed mohtarma Benazir Bhutto medical university, Larkana

The study aimed to determine the eating habits and body mass index among the medical students of 4[th] year MBBS at Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University, Larkana. Cross sectional study. A cross sectional survey of 4[th] year MBBS medical students was conducted at Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University [SMBBMU] Larkana, Sind, Pakistan from 22 March to 24 May, 2011. Study was conducted on medical students of 4[th] Year MBBS of Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University, Larkana from 22 March to 24 May, 2011. Taking ethical consideration, data was collected by self - administered questionnaire beside socio-demographic characteristics, family history of obesity, physical activity, dietary habits, smoking, Weight, and Height were recorded and BMI [Body Mass Index] was calculated for each medical student, BMI [Weight in Kg/Height in meter[2]]. Overweight [BMI = 25-29.9 kg/m[2]], Obesity [BMI = >/=30 kg/m[2]] categories were used by WHO classification. Statistical analysis was carried out by using SPSS version.16.0. In study, total 73 medical students were included, among the female students 10.96% were overweight and 02.74% obese, whereas among male students 12.33% and 08.22% were overweight and obese. The present study revealed that 10.96% of the study sample from Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University Larkana were obese [whose Body Mass Index = BMI was more than or equal to[>/= 30 kg/m[2]] and 23.29% of the medical students were overweight [Body Mass Index = BMI was [25 -29.9 kg/m[2]] while only 65.75% of the university students had normal body weight [BMI= 18.5 24.9 kg/m[2]]. Male students were more prone to overweight and obesity, multifaceted efforts are required for eating habits of students and propose interventions to improve such habits

Scabies in community of Jamshoro hills

Introduction: The Muslim Physician Avenzoar described itch mite [Acarus Scabiei] in the twelfth century. Problem is worldwide in superpower country like USA 5% to 10%children have Scabies. The situation in other poor countries can be much worse. Frequent changes of underclothing and bedding are control measures of value. 1. To collect data on prevalence of Scabies infection in community residing in Jamshoro Hills. 2. to record Socio-demographic character of patients of scabies. 3. To recommend control and prevention strategies based on this research. Descriptive and cross sectional study. This study was carried on patients who utilized services of LUH Skin OPD in Jamshoro from 1[st] February 2007 to 1[st] February 2008. Dermatology Out Patient Department of Liaquat University Hospital Jamshoro. 112 patients were included in study sample. Study was conducted on 112 patients who utilized services of skin OPD at LUH out of these 30[26.2%] were children in the age group of 1-9 years, 38[33.9%] adolescents and teen angers in age group of 10-19 years this was largest age group of scabies patients. while infection was 10.7% to 5.4% in 40-49 years age and above showing low prevalence. Regarding sex of patients suffering from scabies out of 112 patients the ratio of male to female was 50:62 i.e. 50 [44.6%] and 62 [55.4%].This showed females suffered more the occupation of patients showed strong association with scabies diseases occurrence P<001 as out of total 112 patients house wives were 26 [23.2%] students 31[27.7%], laborer 15[13.4%] children 33[29.5%] office Job 7[6.3%] while education was not significant. Study concludes that scabies is common in rural areas of Jamshoro in young age and teen agers. Occupation wise students and house wives had more scabies. Community based cheap treatment of sulphur ointment programme supported by IEC material and free skin camps be promoted