ABSTRACT
Our aim was to determine the time course of changes in autonomic balance in the acute (1 and 3 days), sub-acute (7 days) and chronic (28 days) phases of myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. Autonomic balance was assessed by temporal and spectral analyses of blood pressure variability (BPV) and heart rate variability (HRV). Pulsatile blood pressure (BP) recordings (30 min) were obtained in awake and unrestrained male Wistar rats (N = 77; 8-10 weeks old) with MI (coronary ligature) or sham operation (SO). Data are reported as means±SE. The high frequency (HF) component (n.u.) of HRV was significantly lower in MI-1- (P<0.01) and MI-3-day rats (P<0.05) than in their time-control groups (SO-1=68±4 vs MI-1=35.3±4.3; SO-3=71±5.8 vs MI-3=45.2±3.8), without differences thereafter (SO-7=69.2±4.8 vs MI-7=56±5.8; SO-28=73±4 vs MI-28=66±6.6). A sharp reduction (P<0.05) of BPV (mmHg2) was observed in the first week after MI (SO-1=8.55±0.80; SO-3=9.11±1.08; SO-7=7.92±1.10 vs MI-1=5.63±0.73; MI-3=5.93±0.30; MI-7=5.30±0.25). Normal BPV, however, was observed 4 weeks after MI (SO-28=8.60±0.66 vs MI-28=8.43±0.56 mmHg2; P>0.05). This reduction was mainly due to attenuation of the low frequency (LF) band of BPV in absolute and normalized units (SO-1=39.3±7%; SO-3=55±4.5%; SO-7=46.8±4.5%; SO-28=45.7±5%; MI-1=13±3.5%; MI-3=35±4.7%; MI-7=25±2.8%; MI-28=21.4±2.8%). The results suggest that the reduction in HRV was associated with decrease of the HF component of HRV suggesting recovery of the vagal control of heartbeats along the post-infarction healing period. The depression of BPV was more dependent on the attenuation of the LF component, which is linked to the baroreflex modulation of the autonomic balance.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Autonomic Nervous System/physiopathology , Blood Pressure/physiology , Heart Rate/physiology , Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology , Acute Disease , Baroreflex/physiology , Blood Pressure Determination , Chronic Disease , Disease Models, Animal , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Introduction: Little is known about incidence, anatomical and clinical characteristics and results of endovascular treatment of the internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysms. This type of the aneurysms can be approached by surgical with low morbidity and mortality. Clinical presentation: a 48-year-old woman submitted an endovascular embolization treatment in 2005, and in 2009 presents a new bleeding. The angiography shows that the same aneurysm was ruptured and a surgical repair was proposed. The surgical management shows detachable coils in the brain parenchyma. Conclusion: Some endovascular surgeons preferred the less invasive procedure (endovascular treatment) for intracranial aneurysms, but the surgical repair still remains the best choice for definitive treatment for intracranial aneurysms.