ABSTRACT
Abstract The objective of the study was to retrospectively compare the fractal size values calculated in the trabecular bone according to the type of complete removable denture, removable partial denture, and partial fixed prosthesis between patients using bisphosphonates and healthy patients, retrospectively. Panoramic radiographs of a total of 200 patients, (100 using bisphosphonates,100 control group), were taken from the right and left molar regions before and after treatment with 72 × 72 pixels. The fractal dimension (FD) was computed by using ImageJ Software using the box-counting method on the images obtained. There was an interaction effect between the trabecular bone change-patient group-the type of prosthesis used and the parameters of the area (p < 0.05). In patients using complete removable dentures and removable partial dentures in the maxilla and mandibula in the molar region, a greater decrease in FD values was observed in the control group than in the patient group using bisphosphonates. An increase in FD values over time was observed in the patient group using bisphosphonates with partial fixed maxillary and mandibular prostheses compared to the control group. Partial fixed prostheses should be preferred primarily instead of complete removable or removable partial dentures in patients using bisphosphonates to prevent osteonecrosis due to dental trauma.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Introduction: Increased incidence of localized osteonecrosis in the jaw bones caused by bisphosphanate use and reduced quality of life of the patients led researchers to diagnose the disease in the early period and to investigate the effective treatment modality. Objective: Treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw patients is based on individual protocols from clinical experience, as there are no definitive treatment guidelines. In view of the lack of consensus on the effectiveness of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw treatments in the literature, the aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical technique described in the treatment of advanced stages of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw patients. Methods: Twenty-one patients affected by Stage 2-3 medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw were treated with ultrasonic piezoelectric bone surgery for necrotic bone removing, leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin concentrate obtained from the patient's peripheral blood and Nd:YAG laser for biostimulation. Success was assessed as the maintenance of full mucosal coverage without signs of residual infection at 1-month (T1), 3-months (T2), 6-months (T3) and 1-year (T4) after surgery. Logistic regressions were used to evaluate the association between the different independent variables and treatment outcomes. Results: Two Stage 3 patients had delayed healing at 1 month after the operation. Complete mucosal healing was achieved in all patients at the third month. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that different variables were not significantly correlated with delayed healing (p>0.05). Conclusion: The surgical protocol presented in this study shows promising results for surgical management of advanced stages of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw patients. HIGHLIGHTS Removal of necrotic bone is important in the treatment of medication- related osteonecrosis of the jaw. Surgical treatment is more successful than conservative treatment in advanced stages (stage 2-3) of the medication- related osteonecrosis of the jaw. Relatively less invasive and supportive treatments are recommended in patients with advanced medication- related osteonecrosis of the jaw. Patient follow-up, good oral hygiene and patient motivation increase the success rate of the treatment.
Resumo Introdução: O aumento da incidência de osteonecrose localizada nos ossos da mandíbula causada pelo uso de bisfosfonatos e a redução da qualidade de vida dos pacientes levaram os pesquisadores a diagnosticar a doença em período inicial e a investigar a modalidade de tratamento eficaz. Objetivo: O tratamento de pacientes com osteonecrose da mandíbula relacionada a medicamentos é baseado em protocolos individuais de experiência clínica, uma vez que não há diretrizes de tratamento definitivas. Considerando a falta de consenso sobre a eficácia dos tratamentos de osteonecrose da mandíbula relacionada a medicamentos na literatura, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a técnica cirúrgica descrita no tratamento de estágios avançados nesses pacientes. Método: Vinte e um pacientes com osteonecrose da mandíbula relacionada a medicamentos estágio 2-3 foram tratados com cirurgia óssea piezelétrica ultrassônica para remoção de osso necrótico, concentrado de leucócitos e fibrina rica em plaquetas obtido do sangue periférico do paciente e laser Nd: YAG para bioestimulação. O sucesso foi avaliado pela manutenção da cobertura total da mucosa sem sinais de infeçcão residual em um mês (T1), 3 meses (T2), 6 meses (T3) e um ano (T4) após a cirurgia. Regressões logísticas foram usadas para avaliar a associação entre as diferentes variáveis independentes e os resultados do tratamento. Resultados: Em dois pacientes no Estágio 3, a cicatrização foi tardia em um mês após a cirurgia. A cicatrização completa da mucosa foi obtida em todos os pacientes no terceiro mês. A análise multivariada demonstrou que diferentes variáveis não se correlacionaram significativamente com o retardo da cicatrização (p > 0,05). Conclusão: O protocolo cirúrgico apresentado neste estudo mostra resultados promissores para o manejo cirúrgico de estágios avançados de pacientes com osteonecrose da mandíbula relacionada a medicamentos. DESTAQUES A remo¸cão do osso necrótico é importante no tratamento de osteonecrose da mandíbula relacionada a medicamentos. O tratamento cirúrgico é mais bem-sucedido do que o tratamento conservador em estágios avançados (estágio 2-3) de osteonecrose da mandíbula relacionada a medicamentos. Tratamentos relativamente menos invasivos e de suporte são recomendados em pacientes com osteonecrose avançada da mandíbula relacionada a medicamentos. O seguimento do paciente, uma boa higiene oral e a motivação do paciente aumentam a taxa de sucesso do tratamento.