Screening for dengue virus infection at GMMMC hospital, Sukkur

Dengue is a severe arthropod borne viral disease characterized by fever, headache, retro - orbital pain, maculopapular rash, and thrombocytopenia. Disease is transmitted from one human to another by bite of infected Aedes aegypti mosquito. Disease now a days occurs in more than 100 countries worldwide. Study designed for screening suspected or probable cases to detect specific antibodies response in early stage of disease. Cross sectional study. This study was conducted at Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College Hospital, Sukkur from October, 2010 to October, 2012. Patients presenting with fever, bleeding tendencies, maculopapular rash or fever with thrombocytopenia were screened as per WHO criteria for suspected dengue infection. Blood was collected after 4 - 5 days of onset of illness. The serologic test was performed by using rapid immunochromatographic assay detection of anti dengue immunoglobulin M [IgM] antibodies. 162 cases were screened for dengue infection. 16 [9.9%] patients were positive with anti-dengue IgM. 12 patients were male and 04 were female. Platelets count was observed below 100 x 10[3] cmm[3] in patients with dengue infection. Identification of dengue virus infection in early acute phase of disease is significant for morbidity and mortality screening of suspected cases and anti-mosquito eradication measures should be taken for breading sites of vector, mass education, and awareness programs may be initiated

Early effects of coronary artery bypass grafting on left ventricular regional wall motion abnormalities

To determine the early effects of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting [CABG] on regional left ventricular wall motion abnormality in patients undergoing surgery for proven Coronary Artery Disease [CAD]. Quasi-experimental study. Department of Cardiac Surgery, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi. from October 2005 to April 2006. Patients and Methods: A total of a 100 adult patients who underwent elective CABG were selected. Pre-operative echocardiography was done to note if segmental left ventricular wall motion at basal, mid and apical levels were normal, hypokinetic, akinetic, dyskinetic, or aneurysmal. Postoperative echocardiography was done between 4th and 6th day and change in left ventricular segmental wall motion was noted. Seventy-five patients [n=75] were included in the analysis. These results showed that effect of CABG on anterior segmental wall motion abnormalities was insignificant [p=.609], the effect on the anterior IVS showed deterioration of segmental wall motion and this effect was significant [p=.001], effect is insignificant on anteriolateral segmental wall motion abnormalities [p=.078], normal pre-operative segments in posterior wall showed stability [p=.664] while disappearance of dyskinetic, reduction in akinetic segments postoperatively and inferior wall motion have same effects as of posterior wall. Comparison of pre-operative and postoperative echocardiographic data revealed early improvement in segmental wall motion of posterior and inferior wall, while alterations in segmental wall motion of anterior, anterior-lateral and septal wall. Myocardial revascularization by CABG improves early left ventricular regional wall motion abnormalities where SVG is used as conduit for revascularization whereas no significant improvement occurs in early segmental wall motion in areas revascularized by LIMA