ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the impact of zotepine on the excitatory synaptic response and long term potentiation (LTP) of dentate gyrus neurons.Methods Male rabbits ( n = 20) weighting about 2.5 ～ 3.5 kg were divided into four groups randomly ( n = 5 ): control, zotepine 1.0, zotepine 2.0 and zotepine 5.0.To each rabbit,there were 60 results during 120 min.Population spike(PS) amplitude and excitory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) slope were used to be the indexes of the excitatory synaptic response of dentate gyrus neurons.The sequence was base response ( at the beginning), intraperitoneal injection of 0.5ml dimethylsulfoxide or 0.5ml zotepine-dimethylsulfoxide solution ( 1.0,2.0,5.0 mg/kg of zotepine dosage) ( after 30 min) and titanic stimulation (after 90 min).Results To 4 groups,the PS amplitude and EPSP slope after single stimuli were not significantly different from those before single stimuli.In control group, the PS amplitude and EPSP slope after titanic stimulation[(0.68 ± 0.052)mV and(0.633 ± 0.024 )mV/ms] were significantly different from those before injection[(0.266 ±0.008) mV and(0.246 ±0.010) mV/ms] (P＜0.05 ～0.01 ) ,and LTP were induced.LTP were not induced after titanic stimulation in group zotepine 1.0,2.0 and 5.0.After titanic stimulation, the PS amplitude and EPSP slope in group zotepine 5.0[(0.277 ±0.008)mV and(0.296 ±0.007) mV/ms] were significantly different from those in group control(P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Zotepine had little effect on the excitatory synaptic response of dentate gyrus neurons after single stimuli in perforant path, while it blocked the induction of LTP in perforant path-dentate gyrus pathway.
ABSTRACT
Marfan syndrome may include cardiovascular disease co-exising with thoracic deformities. A 24 year-old man given a diagnosis of Marfan syndrome and annuloaortic ectasia (AAE), aortic regurgitation (Ar) and pectus excavatum, was referred to our hospital due to the rapid dilatation of a root aneurysm. Chest computed tomography showed a root aneurysm measuring about 60×55 mm in diameter with mild Ar. Moreover, the sternum, which had been displaced in a posterior direction, contacted with the root aneurysm and heart. The heart was deviated to the left, because of compression from the sternum. We performed a concomitant repair of AAE and Ar and pectus excavatum with partial sternal turnover and elevation, and Bentall procedure. First, median skin incision was made, and dissected to the sternum. The ribs and cartilage below the third rib were cut, and the sternum was transected at the two-thirds point. The root aneurysm and heart were visible so it was easier to operate than a post median sternotomy. A cardiopulmonary bypass was established by ascending aortic perfusion, right atrial drainage and pulmonary arterial venting. The Bentall procedure was done using a Carrel patch methods. The removed sternum was formed flat and turned over, and sternum elevation was perfomed using sternal wire, after cutting and removing the excess ribs and costal cartilage. The postoperative course was uneventful with good hemodynamic and respiratory function. Concomitant surgery provides good operative exposure, which can avoid accidental aneurysm laceration, although operation time is longer and operative invasion and bleeding are greater than in staged operations.