ABSTRACT
Background: Kidney is the main excretory organ which can be damaged by various disease conditions, foods, exposure to some chemicals, toxins, or infectious agents. Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) may have antioxidant activity thereby can be used for the improvement of kidney functions though its exact role is yet to be explored. Objective: To observe the effect of peanut kernel powder on kidney by observing the histology and some biochemical parameters (serum creatinine and blood urea) in Wistar albino rats. Materials and method: This experimental study was conducted between October 2012 to December 2012 in the Institute of Food and Nutrition, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total number of 20 apparently healthy Wistar albino male rats, weighing between 120 to 150 grams, age range 90 to 120 days were used. Prior to conducting the study, the animals were acclimatized for 14 days. Then, they were divided into two groups; control group (Group A) consisted of 10 rats and experimental group (Group B- Peanut treated group) consisted of 10 rats. All groups of animals received basal diet for 21 consecutive days and in addition, experimental group received peanut kernel powder (500mg/kg body weight/day; orally) in the morning along with food for 21 consecutive days. All the animals were sacrificed on 22nd day. The blood and kidney samples were collected. Blood urea, serum creatinine levels were measured and histopathology of kidney was done by using standard laboratory procedure. Results: The mean body weight of peanut treated group was significantly lower than that of control group. The mean blood urea and creatinine levels were higher in peanut treated group in comparison to those of control group but the differences were not statistically significant. On histology, kidney revealed normal findings both in control and peanut treated group. Conclusion: Role of peanut kernel powder in normalizing the biochemical parameters is controversial.
ABSTRACT
Background: Hypothyroidism is a common hormonal disorder affecting various organs including lungs. It may be associated with respiratory symptoms and can decrease lung function. Objective: To observe FVC, FEV1 and FEV1 / FVC % in hypothyroid female patients. Methods: This crosssectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, BSMMU, Dhaka, from 1st July 2008 to 30th June 2009 on 60 hypothyroid female patients of 30-50 years age (Group B). For comparison, 30 age and BMI matched apparently healthy subjects (Group A) were also studied. Based on receiving treatment, hypothyroid patients were divided into B1 (untreated patients on their 1st day of diagnosis) and B2 (patients treated for at least 12-18 months). They were selected from the Out Patient Department of Endocrinology wing of department of Medicine, BSMMU, Dhaka. Serum TSH and FT4 levels were measured by Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay (MEIA) principle in AxSYM system. The FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC%, of all the subjects were measured by a digital MicroDL spirometer. Data were analyzed by One way ANOVA test, Independent sample t- test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient test. Results: The mean percentage of predicted values of all the lung function variables in healthy female subjects and treated hypothyroids were within normal ranges. However, all of them were lower in untreated hypothyroids in comparison to those of control and treated hypothyroids.FVC and FEV1 showed statistically significant (p<0.001) difference and FEV1/FVC% showed non significant difference . In addition, all the ventilatory variables had negative correlation with serum TSH level and positive correlation with serum FT4 level and these relationships were statistically significant in control (p<0.001) and treated hypothyroids (p<0.01). Conclusion: This study reveals that lung function may be lower in untreated hypothyrod patients and correlated with thyroid hormones. Treatment of hypothyroids may reverse this changes..