Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oil and Organic Extracts of Premna integrifolia Linn

ABSTRACT This study was designed to examine the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of the hydrodistillated essential oil and various extracts obtained from Premna integrifolia Linn. GC-MS analysis of the essential oil was resulted in determination 29 different compounds, representing 95.73% of total oil. Antioxidant activities of the essential oil and organic extracts of chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol were determined by three different test systems namely DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), superoxide and nitric oxide radical scavenging assays. The essential oil and methanol extract showed potent antioxidant activity among all the tested samples. Furthermore, the amount of total phenolic compounds was determined and its content in methanol extract was the highest as compared to other samples. The results indicate that the essential oil and extracts of Premna integrifolia could serve as an important bio-resource of antioxidants for using in the pharmaceutical industries.

Synthesis of barbituric acid derivatives using microwave irradiation method and in vitro evaluation of antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity.

The research work was involved in rapid and efficient procedure for the attachment of barbituric acid with arylidene acetophenone under microwave irradiation (MWI) and conventional heating. The result showed that the time was reduced from the conventional 24 hours to 5-10 minutes. In conventional heating, the yield of the compounds 2a-2e were very poor (75-81%), but in MW methods the yields were observed 96.48-98% which was comparatively too high. The structures of the compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR spectral data. The antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of the synthesized compounds were also investigated. Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus megaterium, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa revealed the zone of inhibition were 6-12 mm where sample concentration was 100 μg/disc. However, cytotoxic analysis, the mortality 47-95% were appeared when sample concentration were 0.78-25 (μg/ml) and more than 50 (μg/ml) concentration showed 100% mortality. The presence of a reactive and unsaturated ketone function in synthesized compounds was found to be responsible for their potential antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity.