Titmus stereoacuity norms in Saudi primary school children

Purpose This paper presents the result of Titmus stereoacuity tests conducted on Saudi male primary school children. The objective was to establish the Titmus stereoacuity norms in Saudi primary school children. Methods Visual acuity [VA] was measured at 40 cm in all the children attending two primary schools in Riyadh. The total number of subjects examined was 719 and were between the ages of 6 and 13 years. Six hundred and twenty-eight [87.3%] of the subjects had a VA of 6/9 or better monocularly and binocularly [unaided or with current glasses]. Titmus stereoacuity tests were subsequently measured in the latter group. four hundred and sixty-eight [74.5%] of the subjects had 40 arc seconds of stereoacuity. 82[13%] had 50 seconds, 38 [6%] had 60 seconds, 30 [4.8%] had 80 seconds and 10 [1.6%] had 100 seconds. The range of stereoacuity values,for the various age groups are presented. This data established that between the age of 6 to 9 years, the Titmus stereoacuity norm should be 40 to 100 arc seconds, and between the age of 10 to 13 years, the stereoacuity should be 40 to 80 arc seconds, when a child has VA of 6/9 or better

Indian numeral test chart for partially sighted patients

A test chart was designed for precise evaluation of central visual acuity [VA] in patients with a VA below 20/70 who are familiar with the Indian numerals widely used in the Middle East. The chart consists of 14 pages, each about 42 by 45 cm; the test distance is 20 feet; the test objects are selected pairs of Indian numerals. The chart design is similar to that described by Mahmoud Al-Salem and is based on Snellen's principle. Two-digit numbers were constructed on a 5x5 frame, each test frame subtending 5 minutes of arc on the patient's retina at the distance specified in the numerator of the connotation. Object sizes represent a range of VA from 20/700 to 20/70 in 16 steps, with individual symbols ranging in height from 30.94 to 3.10 cm. There are between one and nine two-digit numerals on each page of the chart, arranged in one to three rows. Where a page contains multiple two-digit units, spaces between them are equal to the total size of each unit; where there is more than one horizontal row, spaces between the rows are approximately equal to the height of the digits in the bottom row