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1.
ABC., imagem cardiovasc ; 35(3): eabc279, 2022. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1411874

ABSTRACT

A endocardite de valva nativa é uma doença incomum, complexa, e de alta morbimortalidade. Requer tratamento clínico prolongado, com várias complicações possíveis, e o seu tratamento cirúrgico é complexo e tecnicamente difícil. O ecocardiograma transtorácico e transesofágico são fundamentais na avaliação da doença, inclusive seus achados são parte dos critérios diagnósticos de endocardite. Adicionalmente, o ecocardiograma tridimensional (3D) contribui com detalhamento anatômico na avaliação das estruturas cardíacas acometidas pela doença. Mostramos um caso em que é ilustrado o papel da ecocardiografia no diagnóstico e avaliação de complicações da endocardite, comparando as imagens do ecocardiograma 3D pré-operatórias, com os achados durante o ato cirúrgico. (AU)


Native valve bacterial endocarditis is an uncommon, complex, and highly morbid disease that requires prolonged clinical treatment and challenging surgical interventions. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography are paramount assessment tools whose findings are included in the diagnostic criteria. Three-dimensional echocardiography shows further realistic imaging details. Here we present a case demonstrating the role of echocardiography in the diagnosis of endocarditis and the identification of its complications to show how advanced imaging techniques may have a remarkable resemblance with in vivo surgical findings. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Endocarditis/complications , Endocarditis/therapy , Endocarditis/diagnostic imaging , Mitral Valve/pathology , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/surgery , Echocardiography/methods , Gentamicins/therapeutic use , Vancomycin/therapeutic use , Echocardiography, Transesophageal/methods , Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional/methods , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/complications , Incidental Findings , Cefepime/therapeutic use , Ampicillin/therapeutic use
2.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 36(4): 476-483, July-Aug. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1347159

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Mitral valvuloplasty including ring/band support is widely performed despite potential drawbacks of rings. Unsupported valvuloplasty is performed in only a few centers. This study aimed to report long-term outcomes of patients undergoing unsupported valvuloplasty for degenerative mitral regurgitation (MR) and to identify predictive factors for outcomes. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort including patients undergoing mitral valve repair for degenerative MR from 2000 to 2018. The main techniques were Wooler annuloplasty and quadrangular resection. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression models were used for statistical analysis. Results: One hundred fifty-eight patients were included (median age: 64.0 years). In-hospital mortality was 2.5%. Maximum follow-up was 19.6 years, with a median of 4.7 years (992 patient-years). Overall survival at 5, 10, and 15 years was 91.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 85.7-96.3), 87.6% (95% CI: 80.7-94.5), and 78.1% (95% CI: 65.9-90.3), respectively. The European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) II was an independent predictor of late death (hazard ratio [HR] 1.42; P=0.016). Freedom from mitral reoperation at 5, 10, and 15 years was 88.1% (95% CI: 82.0-94.2), 82.4% (95% CI: 74.6-90.2), and 75.7% (95% CI: 64.1-87.3), respectively. Left atrial diameter > 56 mm was associated with late reintervention in univariate analysis (HR 1.06; P=0.049). Conclusion: Degenerative MR can be successfully treated with repair techniques without annular support, thus avoiding the technical and logistical drawbacks of ring/band implantation while maintaining good long-term results. EuroSCORE II was a risk factor for late death, and larger left atrium was associated with late reoperation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation , Mitral Valve Annuloplasty , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/surgery , Reoperation , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Treatment Outcome , Middle Aged , Mitral Valve/surgery
4.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 35(5): 666-674, Sept.-Oct. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1137347

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To describe insulin use and postoperative glucose control in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Methods: We examined 2,390 patients with and without diabetes enrolled in the Contemporary Analysis of Perioperative Cardiovascular Surgical Care (CAPS-Care) Study who underwent CABG surgery (01/2004 - 06/2005) to describe postoperative insulin use, variation in insulin use across different hospitals, and associated in-hospital complications and clinical outcomes. Logistic regression was used to assess the adjusted relationship between insulin use and clinical outcomes. Results: Overall, insulin was used in 82% (n=1,959) of patients, including 95% (n=1,203) with diabetes (n=1,258) and 67% (n=756) without diabetes (n=1,132). Continuous insulin was used in 35.5% of patients in the operating room and in 56% in the intensive care unit. Continuous insulin use varied significantly among centers from 8-100% in patients with diabetes. When compared with all patients not receiving insulin, insulin use in patients without diabetes was associated with a higher rate of death or major complication (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15-2.04; P=0.003). In patients with diabetes, insulin use was not associated with a higher risk of adverse outcomes (adjusted OR=1.01; 95% CI 0.52-1.98; P=0.98). Conclusion: The postoperative use of insulin is high among CABG patients in the United States of America. Insulin use in patients without diabetes was associated with worse clinical outcomes compared to patients (both with and without diabetes) who did not receive insulin. Further investigation is needed to determine the optimal use of postoperative insulin after CABG.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Coronary Artery Bypass , Insulin/therapeutic use , United States , Logistic Models , Risk Factors , Treatment Outcome , Diabetes Mellitus/drug therapy
5.
In. Anon. Livro-texto da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia. Barueri, SP, Manole, 2012. p.1670-1674, ilus.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1081224
6.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 19(3): 295-300, jul.-set. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-416944

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar os resultados de dois modos de tratar a fibrilação atrial (FA): com cirurgia do Labirinto e com Isolamento de Veias Pulmonares (IVP), comparando com grupo controle, para estabelecer o melhor tratamento aos portadores desta arritmia. MÉTODO:Todos os pacientes tinham indicação cirúrgica por outra lesão cardíaca, concomitantemente tratada. Foram randomizados 51 pacientes no período de julho de 1999 a setembro de 2003. Em nenhum paciente foi utilizada crioablação. Analisamos inicialmente as seguintes variáveis: tempo de circulação extracorpórea (CEC), pinçamento aórtico (ISQ), taxa de reversão a ritmo sinusal na alta hospitalar, e complicações do trans e pós-operatório imediato. RESULTADOS: Houve dois óbitos intra-hospitalares, um no grupo Labirinto e um no grupo IVP. O grupo Labirinto apresentou o maior tempo de CEC (p<0,001). Seguimento médio de 28,4 mais ou menos 14,1 meses, sem diferença entre os grupos. O grupo IVP teve a maior taxa de sucesso com 84,2 por cento de reversão a ritmo sinusal na alta e 88,9 por cento após seguimento. No grupo Labirinto, 78,5 por cento de ritmo sinusal à alta, e após seguimento, 84,6 por cento. No grupo controle, 87,5 por cento dos pacientes tiveram alta em FA, e após seguimento 56,3 por cento seguem assim. A classe funcional pela NYHA não foi diferente entre os grupos após o seguimento (p=0,56), e os pacientes do grupo controle apresentaram mais complicações (p=0,017). CONCLUSAO: Estes resultados mostram que qualquer das técnicas empregadas para correção de FA, Labirinto ou IVP, apresenta vantagens sobre a operação tradicional de simples correção de cardiopatias quando associadas à FA.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Aged , Arrhythmias, Cardiac , Atrial Fibrillation , Mitral Valve/surgery , Ambulatory Surgical Procedures
7.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 15(2): 129-35, abr.-jun. 2000. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-267953

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Fibrilação atrial tem sido tratada pelo procedimento do Labirinto (Cox) e suas modificações. Há, no entanto, evidências de que o isolamento dos óstios das veias pulmonares ou exclusão do átrio esquerdo poderia ser eficaz para este fim. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: Avaliamos os resultados iniciais da técnica simplificada de isolamento cirúrgico dos óstios das veias pulmonares para tratar fibrilação atrial crônica em pacientes operados por lesão valvar mitral. Foram tratados 7 pacientes por esta técnica (grupo IVP) e comparados com série prévia de 57 casos submetidos a cirurgia do Labirinto (Cox 3). RESULTADOS: A idade média foi de 49 + ou - 8 anos vs 49 + ou -11 anos, (IVP vs. Cox3), sendo 71 por cento e 72 por cento (IVP vs. Cox 3) do sexo feminino. Dimensões do átrio esquerdo 5,5 + ou -0,7 cm vs. 6,0 + ou -1,1 cm (IVP vs. Cox 3). Fração de ejeção ventricular 63 + ou -10 por cento vs. 64 + ou -6 por cento (IVP vs. Cox 3). Tempo CEC 91 + ou -33 min vs. 104 + ou - 29 min (IVP vs. Cox 3). Tempo de isquemia 71 + ou - 23 min vs. 83 + ou - 26 min (IVP vs. Cox 3). Ritmo pós-operátório sinusal/atrial n(por cento): 6(86) vs. 46(80) (IVP vs. Cox 3). Ritmo marcapasso n(por cento):1 (14) vs. 4 (7) (IVP vs. Cox 3). Fibrilação atrial n( por cento): 0 vs. 7 (13) (IVP vs. Cox 3). CONCLUSÕES: Resultados iniciais mostram reversão a ritmo sinusal na maioria dos casos em ambos procedimentos e manutenção do ritmo a longo prazo. Foi iniciado estudo prospectivo randomizado para avaliar o IVP comparativamente ao procedimento Cox 3.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Atrial Fibrillation/surgery , Atrial Fibrillation/etiology , Mitral Valve/pathology , Mitral Valve/surgery , Chronic Disease , Pulmonary Veins/surgery
8.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 14(3): 191-9, jul.-set. 1999.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-247062

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Comparar resultados da correção de Fibrilação Atrial (FA) Crônica em Doença Mitral Reumática (R) ou Degenerativa (D) a curto e médio prazos. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: De 1994 a 1997, 57 pacientes foram submetidos à Cirurgia do Labirinto e correção mitral. Oito (20 por cento) reumáticos eram do sexo masculino; 32 (80 por cento) feminino. Dos degenerativos 8 (47 por cento) eram do sexo masculino; 9 (53 por cento) femininos, (NS). Idade 47 / 11 anos R; 54 / 17 D (0,05). Diâmetro do AE: 6,1 / 1,1 cm R e 5,9 / 1,2 D, (NS). RESULTADOS: Óbitos: 1 (2,5 por cento) imediato em R; 2 (12 por cento) hospitalares e 1 (7 por cento) tardio em D (NS). Implante de marcapasso (MP) em 4 (10 por cento) R e 2 (17 por cento) D (NS). Tempos de isquemia: 63 / 16 min R; 63 / 15 min D, (NS). Circulação extracorpórea: 92 / 19 min R e 96 / 23 min D, (NS). Na alta hospitalar: 3 (10 por cento) R e nenhum D recebiam medicação antiarrítmica, (NS); 9 (23 por cento) R e 3 (20 por cento) D recebiam anticoagulantes (NS). Conversão a ritmo sinusal (RS) em 31 (80 por cento) do grupo R e em 12 (80 por cento) do D, (NS). Ritmo de MP em 4 (10 por cento) R, NS. FA incidiu em 4 (10 por cento) R e em 2 (13 por cento) D, (NS). Ritmo juncional em 1 (7 por cento) D, (NS). Na última avaliação: RS em 27 (71 por cento) R e 9 (75 por cento) D (NS). Ritmo de MP em 4 (10 por cento) R e 2 (17 por cento) D, (NS). FA em 6 (16 por cento) R e nenhum D, (NS).Taquicardia atrial paroxística em 1 (3 por cento) R e 1 (8 por cento) do grupo D, (NS). À ergometria, realizada em média de 16,2 / 11,1 meses PO por 24 (60 por cento) pacientes R e a 16,4 / 10,0 meses PO para 10 (59 por cento) degenerativos, 6 (25 por cento) R e 1 (10 por cento) D apresentaram RC adequada (NS). Em 3 (12,5 por cento) R e 6 (60 por cento) D foi considerada intermediária (p = 0,009). RC inadequada foi detectada em 15 (62,5 por cento) pacientes R e 3 (30 por cento) D- (p = 0,09). CONCLUSÃO: A etiologia R ou D não afeta a morbimortalidade e os benefícios aos pacientes com valvopatia mitral submetidos à Cirurgia do Labirinto e correção valvar. A recuperação do RS e a presença de arritmias no PO foi semelhante nos grupos. A resposta cronotrópica ao exercício tende a ser menor no grupo degenerativo


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Arrhythmia, Sinus/surgery , Rheumatic Heart Disease/surgery , Heart Valve Diseases/surgery , Atrial Fibrillation/surgery , Chronic Disease , Follow-Up Studies , Postoperative Period , Retrospective Studies
9.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 73(2): 139-48, ago. 1999. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-252833

ABSTRACT

Objective - Report clinical experience in surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) by Cox-maze procedure. Methods - 61 patients underwent surgical treatment for AF. Two had primary AF and 59 AF secondary to heart disease (2 atrial septal defects, 57 mitral). Ages ranged from 20 to 74 years (mean = 49). There were 44 females (72 per cent). The surgical technique employed was Cox 3 without cryoablation. The patients were follow-up in specific at patient clinics and underwent periodical ECG, exercise texts, echocardiogram and Holter monitoring. Results - In-hospital mortality was 4.9 per cent and late mortality 1.6 per cent. A temporary pacemaker was used in 28 (46 per cent) and a definitive in 7 patients (11.4 per cent). On hospital discharge, AF remained in 17 per cent; 63.9 per cent had sinus rhythm, 6.9 per cent atrial rhythm, and 10.3 per cent had pacemaker rhythm. In the last evaluattion, AF was present in 19.5 per cent; (70.5 per cent sinus rhythm, 4 per cent atrial rhythm, 2 per cent atrial tachycardia, and 4 per cent pacemaker rhythm). There was no report of thromboembolic episodes. Chronotropic response was considered adequate in 19 per cent, intermediate in 29 per cent, and inadequate in 42 per cent. In Holter monitoring, the mean heart rate was 82+8 bpm, with a minimum of 57+7 bpm and maximum of 126+23 bpm, with supraventricular extrasystoles in 2.3+5.5 per cent of the total hearbeats and ventricular extrasystoles in 0.8+0.5 per cent. In the echocardiogram, the A wave was present in the left atrium in 87.5 per cent. Conclusion - Maze procedure is effective and has acceptable surgical risk. Atrial or sinus rhythms remain stable with a small but remarkable frequency of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. Left atrial contraction is present, although attenuated, as well as the chronotropic response to exercise.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Atrial Fibrillation/surgery , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/methods , Chronic Disease , Heart Rate , Treatment Outcome
10.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 72(5): 607-14, maio 1999. tab
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-242080

ABSTRACT

Purpose - To assess the presence and the prevalence of arrhythmias and the variability of the heart rate in the medium-term postoperative period following the maze procedure for chronic atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods - Seventeen patients with a mean age of 51.7+12.9 years, who previously underwent the maze procedure without cryoablation for chronic atrial fibrillation, were evaluated with the 24 hour electrocardiogram (ECG) - Holter monitoring from the 6th month after the operation. Valvular and coronary procedures were concomitantly performed. Results - The mean heart rate during Holter monitoring was 82+8bpm; the maximal heart rate was 126+23 bpm and the minimal heart rate 57+7 bpm. Sinus rhythm was found in 10 (59 per cent) patients and atrial rhythm was found in 7 (41 per cent). Supraventricular extrasystoles had a rate of 2.3+5.5 per cent of the total number of heartbeats and occurred in 16 (94 per cent) patients. Six (35 per cent) patients showed nonsustained atrial tachycardia. Ventricular extrasystoles, with a rate of 0.8+0.5 per cent of the total heart-beast, occurred in 14 (82 per cent) patients. The chronotropic competence was normal in 9 (53 per cent) patients and attenuated in 8 (47 per cent). The atrioventricular conduction (AV) was unchanged in 13 (76 per cent) patients and there were 4 (24 per cent) cases of first degree atrioventricular block (AVB). Conclusion - After maze procedure, the values for the mean heart rrate, AV conduction and chronotropic competence approach the normal range, although some cases show attenuation of the chronotropic responce, first degree AV block or benign arrhythmias.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/diagnosis , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/epidemiology , Atrial Fibrillation/surgery , Heart Rate , Chronic Disease , Postoperative Period , Prevalence
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