ABSTRACT
La infección por COVID-19 se presenta principalmente de forma leve y grave, ésta última hace necesaria la hospitalización y soporte respiratorio por complicaciones como el síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS), cuyo curso clínico ha sido ampliamente descrito; sin embargo, la alteración de los perfiles de laboratorio no ha sido establecida de manera precisa. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo para determinar parámetros bioquímicos y biometría hemática en 32 pacientes con COVID-19 moderado y grave, recluidos en el Hospital Básico "Raúl Maldonado Mejía" de Cayambe, Ecuador y evaluar su utilidad como indicadores de gravedad. Se revisaron las historias clínicas, obteniendo datos clínicos, bioquímicos y hematimétricos. Se observó mayor proporción de casos COVID moderado y grave en hombres, y de la forma grave en ambos géneros, con un promedio de edad entre 45-73 años. Las comorbilidades más frecuentes fueron: hipertensión arterial (HTA), diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2), insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva (ICC) y obesidad. Los parámetros bioquímicos y hematimétricos con peor pronóstico para gravedad fueron: elevación de la actividad de lactato deshidrogenasa (LDH), alanina aminotranferasa (ALT), aspartato aminotranferasa (AST), niveles de proteina C reactiva (PCR), prolongación del tiempo de protrombina (TP), contaje total de leucocitos, índice neutrófilo/linfocito (INL) y disminución de linfocitos. Los parámetros bioquímicos (LDH, PCR, ALT, AST), de coagulación (TP) y hematimétricos (recuento de leucocitos, linfocitos e INL), pueden ser útiles indicadores de gravedad en pacientes con COVID-19, permitiendo identificar precozmente pacientes con enfermedad moderada y evitar el desarrollo de la forma más severa de la enfermedad y sus complicaciones(AU)
COVID-19 infection occurs mainly in mild and severe forms, the latter requiring hospitalization and respiratory support due to complications such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the clinical course of which has been widely described; however, the alteration of laboratory profiles has not been precisely established. A retrospective study was carried out to determine biochemical parameters and blood counts in 32 patients with moderate and severe COVID-19, confined at the "Raúl Maldonado Mejía" Basic Hospital in Cayambe, Ecuador, and to evaluate their usefulness as indicators of severity. Medical records were reviewed. , obtaining clinical, biochemical and hematometric data. A higher proportion of moderate and severe COVID cases was observed in men, and the severe form in both genders, with an average age between 45-73 years. The most frequent comorbidities were: arterial hypertension (HTA), type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), congestive heart failure (CHF) and obesity. The biochemical and blood count parameters with the worst prognosis for severity were: elevation of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, prothrombin time (PT) prolonged, total leukocyte count, ne index utrophil/lymphocyte (INL) and decreased lymphocytes. Biochemical parameters (LDH, CRP, ALT, AST), coagulation (PT) and blood counts (leukocyte count, lymphocytes and INL) can be useful indicators of severity in patients with COVID-19, allowing early identification of patients with moderate disease and avoid the development of the most severe form of the disease and its complications(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Clinical Laboratory Techniques , Critical Care , COVID-19/blood , Diabetes Mellitus , Hematology , Hypertension , ObesityABSTRACT
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Abstract Hemophilia is a hemorrhagic disorder with a sex-linked inherited pattern, characterized by an inability to amplify coagulation due to a deficiency in coagulation factor VIII (hemophilia A or classic) or factor IX (hemophilia B). Sequencing of the genes involved in hemophilia has provided a description and record of the main mutations, as well as a correlation with the various degrees of severity. Hemorrhagic manifestations are related to levels of circulating factor, mainly affecting the musculoskeletal system and specifically the large joints (knees, ankles and elbows). This document is a review and consensus of the main genetic aspects of hemophilia, from the inheritance pattern to the concept of women carriers, physiopathology and classification of the disorder, the basic and confirmation studies when hemophilia is suspected, the various treatment regimens based on infusion of the deficient coagulation factor as well as innovative factor-free therapies and recommendations for the management of complications associated with treatment (development of inhibitors and/or transfusion transmitted infections) or secondary to articular hemorrhagic events (hemophilic arthropathy). Finally, relevant reviews of clinical and treatment aspects of hemorrhagic pathology charachterized by acquired deficiency of FVIII secondary to neutralized antibodies named acquired hemophilia.