ABSTRACT
Background: Cervical cancer is the commonest cancer in sub-Saharan African with majority of the women presenting with an advanced disease stage. This is largely due to the unavailability of an established cervical cancer screening programme in most countries. This also includes the use of colposcopy which is still not available to many gynaecologists practicing in Nigeria. Aim: To review reports of colposcopy carried out at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria and to determine the degree of concurrence between colposcopic impression and histologic diagnosis. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the colposcopic findings of 84 patients was done. Subsequent correlation with histopathology report was carried out in 53 patients who had colposcopically directed biopsies between March 2012 and February 2014. Results: The commonest impression made on colposcopy was high grade CIN in 40(47.6%) patients. The concurrence rate between colposcopic findings and histology diagnosis was 64.2% (34/53) {K =0.302, 95%CI= -0.010-0.436}. The concurrence rate was higher for high grade CIN 29/40(72.5%) than for low grade CIN 5/12 (41.7 %). There was an overestimation of colposcopic diagnosis in 13(24.5%) patients and an underestimation in 6(11.3%) patients. The sensitivity of colposcopy for detecting high grade lesions or more was 32/36(88.9%) while the specificity was 8/17(47.1%). False positive rate for high grade lesions was 9/17(52.9%) and false negative rates for low grade lesions was 4/36(11.1%). Positive predictive value (PPV) of high grade colposcopic diagnosis or more was 32/41(78.04%) while the negative predictive value (NPV) was 8/12(66.73%). Conclusion: The strength of agreement between colposcopic diagnosis and cervical pathology was fair and colposcopy performs better in the detection of high grade lesions
Subject(s)
Africa South of the Sahara , Cervix Uteri , Colposcopy , Early Detection of Cancer , Predictive Value of Tests , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosisABSTRACT
Background: The availability of numerous hypertension guidelines seems not to have impacted significantly on the burden of hypertension. We evaluated awareness of hypertension guidelines among primary-care physicians (PCPs) in Nigeria and its relationship to hypertension diagnosis and work up.Methods: Anonymous self-administered questionnaires were filled in by PCPs categorised into two groups: hypertension guideline aware (GA) and unaware (GU). Results: The 403 participating PCPs had a mean age and experience of 40 ± 11.34 and 14 ± 11.10 years, respectively, with 46.7% (n = 188) of them being GA. Out of the 19 questions assessed, GA and GU PCPs performed better in seven and two questions, respectively, while the two subgroups had a similar performance in 10 questions. The performance of the PCPs in government and private practice was similar.Conclusions: There is a gap between guideline recommendations and hypertension care in Nigeria that is further widened by PCPs' unawareness of the guidelines.Popularising hypertension guidelines among PCPs may significantly improve hypertension care and reduce the burden of disease
Subject(s)
Awareness , Guidelines as Topic , Hypertension/diagnosis , Nigeria , Physicians, Primary CareABSTRACT
Una de cada seis visitas al primer nivel son motivadas por un problema musculoesqueletico. Se analizo la Artritis Reumatoidea (AR) por su prevalencia. La relacion mujer/ varon es de 3/1; entre 30 y 60 años. Produce incapacidad laboral con alto impacto socioeconomico. La terapeutica adecuada se basa en el diagnostico, seguimiento y tratamiento oportuno. Objetivos: caracterizacion epidemiologica de la poblacion con dolor articular (DA) y sospecha de AR. Analizar el tratamiento segun la calidad de atencion. Material y metodos: investigacion descriptiva de corte transversal. La poblacion pertenece a nueve zonas rurales de Tucuman. Se encuestaron personas con DA mayores de 18 años. Se excluyeron personas con enfermedad neurologica y oncologica. Resultados: 342/2807 presentaron DA. Con sospecha de AR 2,2 por ciento, 84 por ciento fue poliarticular, el 70 por ciento consulto menos de 3 veces, 40 por ciento toma DAINES, 14 por ciento drogas de segunda linea y ninguno tratamiento no farmacologico. Conclusion: la prevalencia de DA y AR es considerable. La escasa respuesta de los servicios se evidencia por: bajo numero de consultas, tratamiento farmacologico sintomatico y ausencia de tratamiento no farmacologico; agravandose el pronostico con deterioro de la calidad de vida. La reumatologia debe plantearse estrategias poblacionales para no consentir un desarrollo cientifico limitado a unos pocos