ABSTRACT
Children and adolescents are vulnerable to violent situations in their social, family and school environment. The aim of the study was to characterize morbidity due to violence in Brazilian children and adolescents. A cross-sectional study through the analysis of 1,356 corpus delicti medical reports and police reports of children and adolescents aged 0-19 years, victims of interpersonal violence was conducted from January 2008 to December 2011. Sociodemographic variables related to victims, offenders and aggressions were analyzed. There was a prevalence of females over males [56.9% vs. 43.1%] with age between 15 and 19 years [64.7%]. There was a significant association between variables age of the victim and place of occurrence, sex and type of aggression, sex and number of lesions, presence of fracture, maxillofacial injury, oral cavity lesion and physical violence; physical violence and involvement of face, neck, abdomen and back [P < 0.001]. Public streets [56.4%] were the main place of occurrence of events, followed by home [33.1%]. Family members accounted for 26.48% of aggressions. The face was the most affected body region [43.36%], with 12.61% of records referring to oral cavity lesions. Violence was responsible for a large number of non-fatal injuries to children and adolescents, affecting mainly females aged 15 and 19 years. The occurrence of such events is more frequent on public streets and at home. Most victims had multiple injuries and the face was the most affected body region
ABSTRACT
Malocclusions and dental deformities mainly affect aesthetics and function. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the prevalence and severity of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs in adolescents from the northeast of Brazil aged between 13 and 17 years. A sample of 434 schoolchildren aged 13 to 17 years, 231 boys and 203 girls, were randomly selected from 12 public schools in urban area. The sample selection was carried out in two stages: first, schools were selected by simple sampling, and then children were chosen using a proportionality coefficient. Data were collected through clinical examinations and interviews, after examiner calibration [k=0.88]. Information regarding occlusal alterations [Dental Aesthetic Index] and subjective perceptions on occlusal pathologies were collected by means of structured questionnaires submitted to the students. Yates' chi-square test verified the association between the variables and odds ratio. Significance level was set at 5%. The prevalence of malocclusion was 58.1% and there was no statistically significant gender difference of DAI scores [P=0.936]. Sixty-seven percent of the children presented normal occlusion/mild occlusal pathologies [DAI 30]. There were statistically significant differences between the variable anterior open bite and severity of occlusal pathologies [p<0.001]. Based on DAI criteria, a high prevalence of malocclusion was found and show the need of occlusal treatment for Brazo;oam adeloscent population
ABSTRACT
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of early loss of primary molars in schoolchildren in the city of Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. A total of 369 children [6-10-year-old; 181 boys and 188 girls] were randomly selected from 12 schools. A calibrated experienced examiner [Kappa = 0.90] performed all clinical examinations under natural light. Yates' chi-square test verified the association of variables and odds ratio. Significance level was set to 5%. The results showed that 24.9% of the sample had loss of primary molars, but no differences were observed between genders [p>0.05]. There was larger loss prevalence among the 9 year-olds [27.2%] and the most commonly missing teeth were the lower primary molars [74.3%]. It can be concluded that the early loss prevalence was high and the lower primary molars were the most commonly missing teeth. It can be concluded that the early loss prevalence was high and the lower primary molars were the most commonly missing teeth