Does Baseline Severity of Arm Pain Influence Outcomes Following Single-Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion?

Methods@#Individuals undergoing single-level ACDF were identified. Patients were grouped by preoperative Visual Analog Scale (VAS) arm ≤8 vs. >8. PROMs collected preoperatively and postoperatively included VAS-arm/VAS-neck/Neck Disability Index (NDI)/12-item Short Form (SF-12) Physical Composite Score (PCS)/SF-12 mental composite score (MCS)/Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System physical function (PROMIS-PF). Demographics, PROMs, and MCID rates were compared between cohorts. @*Results@#A total of 128 patients were included. The VAS arm ≤8 cohort significantly improved for all PROMs excepting VAS arm at 1-year/2-years, SF-12 MCS at 12-weeks/1-year/2-years, and SF-12 PCS/PROMIS-PF at 6-weeks, only (p ≤0.021, all). The VAS arm >8 cohort significantly improved for VAS neck at all timepoints, VAS arm from 6-weeks to 1-year, NDI from 6-weeks to 6-months, and SF-12 MCS/PROMIS-PF at 6-months (p ≤0.038, all). Postoperatively, the VAS arm >8 cohort had higher VAS-neck (6 weeks/6 months), VAS-arm (12 weeks/6 months), NDI (6 weeks/6 months), lower SF-12 MCS (6 weeks/6 months), SF-12 PCS (6 months), and PROMISPF (12 weeks/6 months) (p ≤0.038, all). MCID achievement rates were higher among the VAS arm >8 cohort for the VAS-arm at 6-weeks/12-weeks/1-year/overall and NDI at 2 years (p ≤0.038, all). @*Conclusions@#Significance in PROM score differences between VAS arm ≤8 vs. >8 generally dissipated at the 1-year and 2-year timepoint, although higher preoperative arm pain patients suffered from worse pain, disability, and mental/physical function scores. Furthermore, clinically meaningful rates of improvement were similar throughout the vast majority of timepoints for all PROMs studied.

Occupational Lung Diseases: Spectrum of Common Imaging Manifestations

Occupational lung diseases (OLD) are a group of preventable conditions caused by noxious inhalation exposure in the workplace. Workers in various industries are at a higher risk of developing OLD. Despite regulations contributing to a decreased incidence, OLD remain among the most frequently diagnosed work-related conditions, contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. A multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) is necessary for a timely diagnosis. Imaging, particularly computed tomography, plays a central role in diagnosing OLD and excluding other inhalational lung diseases. OLD can be broadly classified into fibrotic and non-fibrotic forms. Imaging reflects variable degrees of inflammation and fibrosis involving the airways, parenchyma, and pleura. Common manifestations include classical pneumoconioses, chronic granulomatous diseases (CGD), and small and large airway diseases. Imaging is influenced by the type of inciting exposure. The findings of airway disease may be subtle or solely uncovered upon expiration. High-resolution chest CT, including expiratory-phase imaging, should be performed in all patients with suspected OLD. Radiologists should familiarize themselves with these imaging features to improve diagnostic accuracy.

Prediction of Patient Management in COVID-19 Using Deep Learning-Based Fully Automated Extraction of Cardiothoracic CT Metrics and Laboratory Findings

Objective@#To extract pulmonary and cardiovascular metrics from chest CTs of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using a fully automated deep learning-based approach and assess their potential to predict patient management. @*Materials and Methods@#All initial chest CTs of patients who tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 at our emergency department between March 25 and April 25, 2020, were identified (n = 120). Three patient management groups were defined: group 1 (outpatient), group 2 (general ward), and group 3 (intensive care unit [ICU]). Multiple pulmonary and cardiovascular metrics were extracted from the chest CT images using deep learning. Additionally, six laboratory findings indicating inflammation and cellular damage were considered. Differences in CT metrics, laboratory findings, and demographics between the patient management groups were assessed. The potential of these parameters to predict patients’ needs for intensive care (yeso) was analyzed using logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curves. Internal and external validity were assessed using 109 independent chest CT scans. @*Results@#While demographic parameters alone (sex and age) were not sufficient to predict ICU management status, both CT metrics alone (including both pulmonary and cardiovascular metrics; area under the curve [AUC] = 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.79–0.97) and laboratory findings alone (C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, white blood cell count, and albumin; AUC = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.77–0.94) were good classifiers. Excellent performance was achieved by a combination of demographic parameters, CT metrics, and laboratory findings (AUC = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.85–0.98). Application of a model that combined both pulmonary CT metrics and demographic parameters on a dataset from another hospital indicated its external validity (AUC = 0.77; 95% CI = 0.66–0.88). @*Conclusion@#Chest CT of patients with COVID-19 contains valuable information that can be accessed using automated image analysis. These metrics are useful for the prediction of patient management.

Prediction of Patient Management in COVID-19 Using Deep Learning-Based Fully Automated Extraction of Cardiothoracic CT Metrics and Laboratory Findings

Objective@#To extract pulmonary and cardiovascular metrics from chest CTs of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using a fully automated deep learning-based approach and assess their potential to predict patient management. @*Materials and Methods@#All initial chest CTs of patients who tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 at our emergency department between March 25 and April 25, 2020, were identified (n = 120). Three patient management groups were defined: group 1 (outpatient), group 2 (general ward), and group 3 (intensive care unit [ICU]). Multiple pulmonary and cardiovascular metrics were extracted from the chest CT images using deep learning. Additionally, six laboratory findings indicating inflammation and cellular damage were considered. Differences in CT metrics, laboratory findings, and demographics between the patient management groups were assessed. The potential of these parameters to predict patients’ needs for intensive care (yeso) was analyzed using logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curves. Internal and external validity were assessed using 109 independent chest CT scans. @*Results@#While demographic parameters alone (sex and age) were not sufficient to predict ICU management status, both CT metrics alone (including both pulmonary and cardiovascular metrics; area under the curve [AUC] = 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.79–0.97) and laboratory findings alone (C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, white blood cell count, and albumin; AUC = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.77–0.94) were good classifiers. Excellent performance was achieved by a combination of demographic parameters, CT metrics, and laboratory findings (AUC = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.85–0.98). Application of a model that combined both pulmonary CT metrics and demographic parameters on a dataset from another hospital indicated its external validity (AUC = 0.77; 95% CI = 0.66–0.88). @*Conclusion@#Chest CT of patients with COVID-19 contains valuable information that can be accessed using automated image analysis. These metrics are useful for the prediction of patient management.

Round spermatid injection into human oocytes: a systematic review and meta-analysis / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Many azoospermic men do not possess mature spermatozoa at the time of surgical sperm extraction. This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating outcomes following round spermatid injection (ROSI), a technique which utilizes immature precursors of spermatozoa for fertilization. An electronic search was performed to identify relevant articles published through October 2018. Human cohort studies in English involving male patients who had round spermatids identified and used for fertilization with human oocytes were included. Fertilization rate, pregnancy rate, and resultant delivery rate were assessed following ROSI. Meta-analysis outcomes were analyzed using a random-effects model. Data were extracted from 22 studies involving 1099 couples and 4218 embryo transfers. The fertilization rate after ROSI was 38.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 31.5%-46.3%), while the pregnancy rate was 3.7% (95% CI: 3.2%-4.4%). The resultant delivery rate was low, with 4.3% of embryo transfers resulting in a delivery (95% CI: 2.3%-7.7%). The pregnancy rate per couple was 13.4% (95% CI: 6.8%-19.1%) and the resultant delivery rate per couple was 8.1% (95% CI: 6.1%-14.4%). ROSI has resulted in clinical pregnancies and live births, but success rates are considerably lower than those achieved with mature spermatozoa. While this technique may be a feasible alternative for men with azoospermia who decline other options, couples should be aware that the odds of a successful delivery are greatly diminished and the prognosis is relatively poor.

Serosurvey of bluetongue, caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) and Maedi-Visna in Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia) of a southern Brazilian zoo / Estudo sorológico dos vírus da língua azul, da artrite-encefalite caprina e Maedi-Visna em aoudads (Ammotragus lervia) em um zoológico do Sul do Brasil

Bluetongue (BT) is an infectious and non-contagious disease of compulsory notification which may affect domestic and wild ruminants, transmitted by Culicoides spp. midges. Despite the high morbidity and mortality in sheep, role of wild animals in the BT cycle remains unclear. Caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) and Maedi-Visna virus (MVV) have been reportedly found in goats and sheep, but not described in wildlife species. Accordingly, serum samples from 17 captive Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia) from Curitiba zoo, southern Brazil, were tested for bluetongue, caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) and Maedi-Visna viruses by agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Antibodies for bluetongue were observed in 6/17 (35.3%) Barbary sheep by AGID test and in 7/17 (41.2%) by ELISA. All samples were negative for the presence of antibodies against caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) and Maedi-Visna viruses. These findings indicate that Barbary sheep may be infected by bluetongue virus and act as wildlife reservoir in both captive and free-range environments.(AU)

A língua azul é uma doença infecciosa e não contagiosa, de notificação obrigatória, que pode afetar ruminantes domésticos e silvestres, transmitida por mosquitos do gênero Culicoides spp. Apesar da alta morbidade e mortalidade em ovelhas, o papel de animais silvestres no ciclo do vírus da língua azul é desconhecido. A artrite encefalite caprina (CAE) e Maedi-visna vírus (MVV) tem sido encontrados em cabras e ovelhas, porém não há descrição em espécies selvagens. Amostras de soro de 17 aoudads (Ammotragus lervia), mantidos em cativeiro no Zoológico de Curitiba, Sul do Brasil, foram testadas para os vírus da língua azul, da artrite encefalite caprina (CAE) e Maedi-visna, utilizando imunodifusão em gel de ágar e o teste de ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay). Foram observados anticorpos para o vírus da língua azul em 35,3% (6/17) aoudads utilizando a imunodifusão em gel de ágar e 41,2% (7/17) no ELISA. Todas as amostras foram negativas para a presença de anticorpos contra os vírus da artrite encefalite caprina e Maedi-visna. Esses resultados indicam que os aoudads podem ser infectados pelo vírus da língua azul e atuar como um reservatório silvestre tanto em cativeiro quanto em vida livre.(AU)

Serological survey of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies in Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia) at the Curitiba Zoo, southern Brazil / Estudo sorológico de anticorpos anti-Leptospira spp. em aoudads (Ammotragus lervia) no zoológico de Curitiba, sul do Brasil

Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis, affecting humans, domestic and wild animals. The present study aimed to evaluate prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies in Barbary sheep at the Curitiba zoo. Microscopic agglutination test (MAT) was performed using 17 serogroups. Antibodies against Leptospira spp. were observed in 23.5% samples and Icterohaemorrhagiae was the only prevalent serogroup. The presence of anti-Leptospira antibodies in Barbary sheep indicates exposure to leptospires; thus monitoring and preventive measures are necessary in zoo's captive animals, since they can act as sentinels of environmental exposure in an area with high movement of people.(AU)

A leptospirose é uma zoonose mundial que afeta seres humanos, animais domésticos e selvagens. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a prevalência de anticorpos anti-Leptospira spp. em aoudads do zoológico de Curitiba. Foi realizado o teste de Soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM) utilizando 17 sorogrupos. Anticorpos contra Leptospira spp. foram observados em 23.5% das amostras de aoudads e Icterohaemorrhagiae foi o único sorogrupo prevalente. A presença de anticorpos em aoudads indica exposição a leptospiras portanto monitoramento e medidas preventivas são necessários em animais confinados em zoológicos, uma vez eles podem atuar como sentinelas de exposição ambiental em uma área com alta circulação de pessoas.(AU)

Dog and cat population dynamics in an urban area: evaluation of a birth control strategy / Dinâmica populacional canina e felina em área urbana: avaliação da estratégia de controle reprodutivo

For canine and feline population management in an urban area, a set of well-developed strategies is required to prevent overpopulation, the abandonment of animals, and zoonosis. An understanding of the dynamics of these populations and a characterization of these populations are necessary for action planning. The proposed strategies should be monitored and evaluated so that canine and feline population management programs are properly implemented. Population management programs can be improved through evidence based adaptive management. The objective of this study was to characterize the canine and feline populations and their dynamics in an urban area and to evaluate the impact of a birth control program. Three cross-sectional census surveys and a birth control program were conducted in a neighborhood of São Paulo area with 4,275 households. The two first surveys were performed in 2005 and 2006, prior to implementation of the birth control program, and were used to characterize the canine and feline populations. The third survey was performed in 2008, eighteen months after the birth control strategy had been established. The canine population decreased from 2006 to 2008, after birth control. The mean age for the canine population was 3.36 years; 65% of the dogs were younger than 3 years of age. The mean life expectancy at birth was 3.9 years for male dogs and 5.9 years for female dogs. The mean age for the feline population was 1.66 years; 74% of the cats were 1 year of age or less. The canine and feline populations had a high mortality rate for juveniles younger than 1 year of age. There was an 8% and an 18% decrease in canine and feline birth rates, respectively, after spay or neuter intervention. There was a high animal population turnover, which was more pronounced in the feline population.(AU)

Para o manejo populacional canino e felino em área urbana, um conjunto de estratégias é necessário para evitar a superpopulação, o abandono animal e a transmissão de zoonoses. O entendimento da dinâmica e a caracterização dessas populações são fundamentais para o planejamento das ações, monitoramento e avaliação do programa de manejo populacional e de suas estratégias. Programas de manejo populacional podem ser melhorados por meio de uma gestão adaptativa baseada em evidências. Para avaliar o impacto do controle reprodutivo de cães e gatos foram feitos três estudos transversais por meio de censos em uma área de São Paulo com 4.275 famílias. Os dois primeiros censos foram realizados em 2005 e 2006, antes do controle reprodutivo, e usado para caracterizar as populações canina e felina. O terceiro censo foi realizada em 2008, 18 meses após a estratégia de controle reprodutivo ter iniciado. A população canina diminuiu de 2006 a 2008, após o controle reprodutivo. A idade média para a população canina foi 3,36 anos. A expectativa de vida média ao nascer foi de 3,9 anos para os cães machos e 5,9 anos para as fêmeas. A idade média da população felina foi de 1,66 anos. 65% dos cães eram menores de 3 anos de idade e 74% dos gatos tinham 1 ano de idade ou menos. As populações canina e felina tiveram alta taxa de mortalidade de animais jovens. Houve uma diminuição de 8% e 18% nas taxas de natalidade canina e felina, respectivamente, após a intervenção do controle reprodutivo. Houve uma elevada renovação da população animal, mais pronunciada para a população felina.(AU)

Premaxillary crest variation within the Wukongopteridae (Reptilia, Pterosauria) and comments on cranial structures in pterosaurs

ABSTRACT Cranial crests show considerable variation within the Pterosauria, a group of flying reptiles that developed powered flight. This includes the Wukongopteridae, a clade of non-pterodactyloids, where the presence or absence of such head structures, allied with variation in the pelvic canal, have been regarded as evidence for sexual dimorphism. Here we discuss the cranial crest variation within wukongopterids and briefly report on a new specimen (IVPP V 17957). We also show that there is no significant variation in the anatomy of the pelvis of crested and crestless specimens. We further revisit the discussion regarding the function of cranial structures in pterosaurs and argue that they cannot be dismissed a priori as a valuable tool for species recognition.

New azhdarchoid pterosaur (Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea) with an unusual lower jaw from the Portezuelo Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Neuquén Group, Patagonia, Argentina

ABSTRACT A new azhdarchoid pterosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia is described. The material consists of an incomplete edentulous lower jaw that was collected from the upper portion of the Portezuelo Formation (Turonian-Early Coniacian) at the Futalognko site, northwest of Neuquén city, Argentina. The overall morphology of Argentinadraco barrealensis gen. et sp. nov. indicates that it belongs to the Azhdarchoidea and probable represents an azhdarchid species. The occlusal surface of the anterior portion is laterally compressed and shows blunt lateral margins with a medial sulcus that are followed by two well-developed mandibular ridges, which in turn are bordered laterally by a sulcus. The posterior end of the symphysis is deeper than in any other azhdarchoid. This unique construction of the lower jaw suggests the existence of an elaborate interlocking mechanism with the upper jaw. Furthermore, although speculative, it is advocated here that Argentinadraco barrealensis might have used the lower jaw to obtain its prey by cutting or ploughing through unconsolidated sediment in shallow waters, a feeding behavior not previously proposed for pterosaurs.

Análise espacial do risco de leptospirose canina na Vila Pantanal, Curitiba, Paraná / Spatial analysis of the risk of canine leptospirosis in the Vila Pantanal, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

A leptospirose é uma grave zoonose associada às áreas de baixa renda dos centros urbanos. Embora roedores urbanos sejam considerados como principal reservatório para a leptospirose, o cão também pode desenvolver a doença e se tornar carreador assintomático. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi utilizar a metodologia estatística baseada na teoria de processos pontuais espaciais, buscando identificar a forma como se distribuem os cães sororreagentes para a leptospirose e seus determinantes de risco em uma vila na cidade de Curitiba. A análise do modelo possibilitou identificar as regiões de sobre-risco, onde o risco de soropositividade canina à leptospirose é significativamente maior. A relação significativa do efeito espacial no desenvolvimento da doença, além das variáveis estudadas, revela que não apenas um, mas a ação conjunta dos fatores relacionados ao animal, ao proprietário e ao ambiente influencia o risco maior da doença nos locais de maior efeito espacial. O resultado da análise indica claramente os territórios em maior risco na região da Vila Pantanal, possibilitando o planejamento de ações mais específicas e dirigidas a essas áreas em um contexto de vigilância da saúde.

Leptospirosis is a serious zoonotic disease associated to low income areas of urban settings. Although rodents are considered the main reservoir for urban leptospirosis, dogs may also develop the disease and become asymptomatic carriers. The objective of this study was to apply a statistical method based on the spatial point processes theory for canine leptospirosis to identify how seroreagents dogs are spatially distributed and their risk determinants in a village of Curitiba city. The model analysis allowed the identification of over-risk regions, where seropositivity risk for canine leptospirosis was significantly higher, revealing that not just one, but the combination of animal, owner and environment factors influenced the disease risk within areas with greater spatial effect. Analysis of results clearly identified the highest risk areas in the Pantanal Village, allowing the establishment of more specific preventive actions and focused on risk areas as priority for public health surveillance.

Anti-Rickettsia spp. antibodies in free-ranging and captive capybaras from southern Brazil / Anticorpos anti-Rickettsia spp. em capivaras de vida livre e de cativeiro no Sul do Brasil

Capybaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) are among the main hosts of Amblyomma spp. ticks, which is able to transmit Rickettsia species to human beings and animals. Since they are often infested with potential vector ticks, capybaras may be used as sentinels for rickettsiosis, such as the Brazilian Spotted Fever. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of antibodies against Rickettsia spp. using the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) in 21 free-ranging and 10 captive animals from the Zoological Park of the 'Bela Vista Biological Sanctuary' (BVBS), Itaipu Binational, Foz do Iguaçu, Southern Brazil. Antigens of six rickettsial species already identified in Brazil (Rickettsia rickettsii, R. parkeri, R. bellii, R. rhipicephali, R. amblyommii and R. felis) were used for IFA. Ticks from each capybara were collected for posterior taxonomic identification. A total of 19 (61.3 percent) samples reacted to at least one of tested species. Seropositivity was found in 14 (45.2 percent), 12 (38.7 percent), 5 (16.1 percent), 4 (12.9 percent), 3 (9.7 percent) and 3 (9.7 percent) animals for R. rickettsii, R. bellii, R. parkeri, R. amblyommii, R. felis and R. rhipicephali, respectively. Two captive capybaras presented suggestive titers of R. rickettsii infection and one sample showed homologous reaction to R. parkeri. Only one free-ranging capybara presented evidence R. bellii infection. Ticks collected on capybaras were identified as Amblyomma dubitatum e Amblyomma sp. Results evidenced the rickettsial circulation in the area, suggesting a potential role of capybaras on bacterial life cycle.

As capivaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) estão entre os principais hospedeiros do carrapato Amblyomma spp., o qual pode transmitir algumas espécies de riquétsias para seres humanos e animais. Como são frequentemente infestadas por carrapatos vetores potenciais, as capivaras podem ser usadas como sentinelas para riquetsioses, como a Febre Maculosa Brasileira. O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar a soroprevalência de Rickettsia spp. por meio da reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI) em 21 capivaras de vida livre e 10 capivaras de cativeiro do Zoológico do Refúgio Biológico Bela Vista, Itaipu Binacional, Foz do Iguaçu, Brasil. Antígenos de seis espécies de riquétsias já identi[1]icadas no Brasil (Rickettsia rickettsii, R. parkeri, R. bellii, R. rhipicephali, R. amblyommii e R. felis) foram utilizados para a RIFI. Carrapatos de cada capivara foram coletados para posterior identi[1]icação taxonômica. Um total de 19 (61,3 por cento) amostras reagiu a pelo menos uma das espécies testadas. Foi encontrada soropositividade em 14 (45,2 por cento), 12 (38,7 por cento), 5 (16,1 por cento), 4 (12,9 por cento), 3 (9,7 por cento) e 3 (9,7 por cento) animais para R. rickettsii, R. bellii, R. parkeri, R. amblyommii, R. felis e R. rhipicephali, respectivamente. Duas capivaras de cativeiro apresentaram títulos sugestivos de infecção por R. rickettsii e uma amostra apresentou reação homóloga frente à R. parkeri. Apenas uma capivara de vida livre apresentou evidência de infecção por R. bellii. Os carrapatos coletados sobre as capivaras foram identificados como Amblyomma dubitatum e Amblyomma sp. Os resultados evidenciam a circulação de riquétsias na região, sugerindo uma potencial participação da capivara no ciclo de vida desta bactéria.

Epstein-Barr virus: general factors, virus-related diseases and measurement of viral load after transplant

The Epstein-Barr virus is responsible for infectious mononucleosis syndrome and is also closely associated to several types of cancer. The main complication involving Epstein-Barr virus infection, both in recipients of hematopoietic stem cells and solid organs, is post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease. The importance of this disease has increased interest in the development of laboratory tools to improve post-transplant monitoring and to detect the disease before clinical evolution. Viral load analysis for Epstein-Barr virus through real-time polymerase chain reaction is, at present, the best tool to measure viral load. However, there is not a consensus on which sample type is the best for the test and what is its predictive value for therapeutic interventions.

A new titanosaur sauropod from the Atacama Desert, Chile

Partial remains of a titanosaur sauropod collected in the Tolar Formation (Upper Cretaceous) at the Atacama Desert (Antofagasta Region), northern Chile, is described, and a new species, Atacamatitan chilensis gen. et sp. nov., is erected. The material consists mainly of dorsal and caudal vertebrae, part of a humerus and a femur. The presence of a titanosaur confirms the Cretaceous age for the outcrops of red sandstone of the Tolar Formation whose age was previously uncertain, ranging from the Upper Cretaceous to the Paleocene. The new specimen represents the most complete dinosaur reported for this region and one of the most complete titanosaur known from Chile and the pacific margin of South America so far.

Um esqueleto incompleto de um dinossauro titanossaurídeo de depósitos da Formação Tolar (Cretáceo Superior) do deserto do Atacama (região de Antofagasta), norte do Chile é descrito e uma nova espécie, Atacamatitan chilensis gen. et sp. nov., é proposta. O material consiste principalmente de vértebras dorsais e caudais e de partes do úmero e fêmur. A presença de umtitanossauro confirma a idade Cretácea para os afloramentos de arenito avermelhado da Formação Tolar, que eram anteriormente tidos como depositados entre o Cretáceo Superior e o Paleoceno. O exemplar representa o mais completo titanossauro até hoje encontrado na região e um dos mais completos reportados até o momento do Chile e da margem do Oceano Pacífico na América do Sul.

Short note on a Pteranodontoid pterosaur (Pterodactyloidea) from western Queensland, Australia

Flying reptiles from Australia are very rare, represented mostly by isolated bones coming from the Early Cretaceous (Albian) Toolebuc Formation, which crops out in western Queensland. Among the first pterosaur specimens discovered from this deposit is a mandibular symphysis that some authors thought to have a particular affinity to species found in the Cambridge Greensand (Cenomanian) of England. It was further referred as a member of or closely related to one of the genera Ornithocheirus, Lonchodectes or Anhanguera. Here we redescribe this specimen, showing that it cannot be referred to the aforementioned genera, but represents a new species of Pteranodontoid (sensu Kellner 2003), here named Aussiedraco molnari gen. et sp. nov. It is the second named pterosaur from Australia and confirms that the Toolebuc deposits are so far the most important for our understanding of the flying reptile fauna of this country.

Répteis voadores da Austrália são muito raros e, na maioria dos casos, representados por ossos isolados procedentes da Formação Toolebuc (Cretáceo, Albiano), da região leste de Queensland. Entre os primeiros espécimes de pterossauros coletados nestes depósitos encontra-se uma sínfise mandibular que alguns autores acreditaram possuir afinidades com formas encontradas no Cambridge Greensand (Cenomaniano) da Inglaterra. O exemplar acabou sendo classificado como representando uma espécie pertencente ou proximamente relacionada aos gêneros Ornithocheirus, Lonchodectes ou Anhanguera. Neste trabalho nós redescrevemos este espécime e demonstramos que o mesmo não pode ser referido aos gêneros mencionados, mas representa uma nova espécie de Pteranodontóide (sensu Kellner 2003), aqui denominada de Aussiedraco molnari gen. et sp. nov. Este exemplar constitui a segunda espécie de pterossauro da Austrália a ser denominada e confirma a que os depósitos de Toolebuc são até o momento os mais importantes para a pesquisa de pterossauros desse país.