ABSTRACT
Objective: Signaling pathways such as extracellular regulated kinase/mitogen activated protein kinase [ERK/MAPK] have increased activity in leukemia. Ribosomal 6 kinase [RSK4] is a factor downstream of the MAPK/ERK pathway and an important tumor suppressor which inhibits ERK trafficking. Decrease in RSK4 expression has been reported in some malignancies, which leads to an increase in growth and proliferation and eventually poor prognosis. In this study we measured RSK4 expression rate in acute myeloid leukemia [AML]
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken in 2013-2014 at Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad, Iran, on 40 AML patients and 10 non-AML patients as the control group. The expression rate was measured by real-time polymerase change reaction [PCR] and employing the ??CT method. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney and Spearman tests using SPSS [version 11.5]
Results: Expression rate of RSK4 was significantly decreased in the AML group in comparison with the non-AML group [P<0.001]. There was also a significant decrease in RSK4 expression in AML with t[15;17] in comparison to other translocations [P=0.004]
Conclusion: We detected a down-regulation of RSK4 in AML patients. This may lead to an increase in the activity of the ERK/MPAK pathway and exacerbate leukemogenesis or the prognosis of the patients
ABSTRACT
This study was planned to investigate the effects of supplementation of cinnamon on fasting blood glucose levels and lipid profiles among type2 diabetic patients. 60 subjects with type 2 diabetes from both sexes [30 males and 30 females] were allocated to the intervention and control groups [30 individuals per group]. The doses of 1.5 g of cinnamon were equally administered orally in the form of cinnamon powder into 500 mg per capsule with breakfast, lunch, and dinner for 60 days. Control group received capsules of containing placebo. Blood samples were obtained on the beginning day of the experiment and at the end of 60 days. The fasting blood glucose levels and lipid profiles including total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and triglycerides of types 2 subjects were measured. Fasting blood glucose levels and lipid profiles in intervention group were significantly lower than control group [p<0.05]. The average of fasting blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, cholesterol LDL and triglyceride levels were decreased after consumption of cinnamon powder, significantly[p<0.05]. We observed no significant changes in fasting blood glucose levels and lipid profiles after consumption of placebo in control group. Conclusion: This study showed that consumption of cinnamon supplementation may be useful in control and decreasing of fasting blood glucose levels and lipid profiles among type 2 diabetes individuals
ABSTRACT
Hyperglycemia is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Current evidence has controversies about Intensive Insulin Therapy [NT] and its effect on reducing mortality in critically ill patients. In this trial we evaluated the effect of intensive insulin therapy with a simple protocol versus traditional method on morbidity and mortality of critically ill patients who were admitted to surgical intensive care unit. Sixty adult patients admitted to surgical intensive care unit between Feb 2009 to Feb 2010 in Shohada Hospital, were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomly allocated to intensive insulin therapy group [with a target blood sugar of 80-120 mg/dl] and conventional group [received insulin if blood glucose was more than 200 mg/dl]. Study was continued through the ICU stay of all patients. Acute Kidney Injury, Renal Replacement Therapy, Bactremia and transfusion were less in intensive insulin therapy without significant difference compared to control group. Mortality also was not significant between two groups. Because of the consequences of hyperglycemia, NT might be considered in critically ill patients, but intermediate levels may be more safe and effective and remains the best practice in Intensive Care Units. Defining ICU capability is critical for implementing tight glycemic control and future multi center studies are needed to consider the effect of NT on mortality as an essential outcome
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Hyperglycemia/therapy , Morbidity , Critical Illness , Mortality , Critical CareABSTRACT
During the early postnatal age environmental signals underlie development of sensory systems. The visual system is considered as an appropriate system for evaluation of the role of sensory experience in postnatal development of sensory systems Light [LR-control] and dark reared [DR] 40 days old rats were used for adjacent arms tasks. The animals were subjected to two trials each day on a radial arm maze. The experiments were performed in 3 stages. In the first stage, the rats had to search the maze with while all arms were baited. During the second and third stages, only 4 adjacent arms were baited, however, in the third stage the place of the adjacent arms was changed between the daily trials. The findings were considered for 1- the number of correct entries and 2- selection of the adjacent arms. Our results indicated that both the LR and DR animals equally entered correct arms. In the adjacent arms task, however, the control group significantly outperformed the DR animals. Concerning sex dependency of the tasks while, at least partly, the LR males and females differently searched the maze the DR group represented no sex differences in their performances These findings suggest that the lack of visual experience is likely to influence the strategy selection and sex differences as well. Also the difference between performances of the LR and DR animals is probably due to the males rather than females behavior