ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the potential of anemonin and Clematis flammula (C. flammula) extracts against infective organisms.@*METHODS@#The molluscicidal activities of anemonin and C. flammula extracts against Galba truncatula Müll. (Lymnaeidae) and Fasciola hepatica larval stages contaminating this snail in Tunisia were assessed by testing six groups of snails in 250 mL of extracts and aqueous dechlorinated solutions with different concentrations (ranging from 2.5 to 20.0 mg/L) for 48 h. Besides, the antifungal potential of C. flammula leaves and flowers was evaluated by using the diffusion agar and broth dilution methods against four fungal strains: Aspergillus niger, Pythium catenulatum, Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium phyllophilum.@*RESULTS@#As a result, hexane and ethyl acetate flower extracts exhibited significant molluscicidal activities with LC median lethal concentrations values of 11.87 and 11.65 mg/L, respectively while LC value of anemonin was 9.64 mg/L after 48 h exposure. The flower extracts showed a larvicidal effect with a deterioration rate exceeding 35.39% where flower ethyl acetate residue gave a deterioration rate of cercariae close to 97%. Moreover, C. flammula extracts were not noxious to the associated fauna survival. All extracts inhibited the growth of P. catenulatum, the leaves and flowers methanolic extracts had the more important fungicide action with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 1.56 and 3.12 mg/mL together with minimum fungistatic concentrations of 3.12 and 6.25 mg/mL respectively. Only flower extracts were active against Rhizoctonia solani with minimum inhibitory concentrations varying between 0.70 and 1.56 mg/mL and 6.25 mg/mL of minimum fungistatic concentration. Phytochemical tests showed that the antifungal activity may be attributed to the presence of the flavonoids/saponins in the methanolic extracts and the molluscicide effects could be due to the richness of hexane and ethyl acetate extracts on sterols and triterpenoids.@*CONCLUSIONS@#This study emphasizes the important molluscicidal and antiparasitic effects of flower ethyl acetate extracts and anemonin compound as well as the considerable antifungal activities of methanolic extracts. These results improve the therapeutic virtues of C. flammula aerial part extracts.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study is to determine the clinicopathologic characteristics; incidence and prognosis value of synchronous bilateral breast carcinoma [SBBC]. This is a retrospective study done in Salah Azaiz Institute of Tunis about 30 patients with synchronous bilateral breast carcinomas diagnosed and treated over a 21-years period going from 1977 to 1997. The definition of synchronous breast lesions is the development of the contralateral breast cancer within 6 months. Median age was 49 years. The incidence of SBBC was 0.52%. History family was noted in 3% of our population. Mean tumor size was 40 mm [15-145]. Breast conserving therapy was done in 16% of cases [9 patients]. Five-year overall survival was 40%. Five year survival rates were 72 and 17% for stage II and III, respectively. Main prognostic factors for survival were lymph node involvement [P=0.004] and disease stage [P=0.02]. Synchronous bilateral breast carcinoma is a rare entity, with a problem of definition concerning the delay of bilaterlisation. Their prognosis is similar to that of unilateral breast carcinoma patients of equal stage. Hence, breast conserving therapy can be used safely if indicated
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , IncidenceABSTRACT
It's generally agreed that calcified liver cystic Echinococcosis [CE] is associated with negative serology; the influence of other cystic features on serologie result remains unclear. The aim of this study is to determine predictive factors of negative indirect passive hemagglutination [IHA] in liver CE. 119 patients operated on for liver CE, had preoperative IHA. Correlation was studied between serological result and sex, age of patient and number [single vs multiple], size, ultrasonic type [uni-locular, multivesicular, degenerative] and intrabiliary rupture of cyst. IHA sensitivity was 74.8%. Univaried analysis showed that false negative serology was correlated with age < 10 or > 20 years [p< 0.01], single cyst [p< 0.006], cystic size < 9 cm [p< 0.03] and unilocular or degenerative cyst in comparison with multivesicular type [p< 0.01 and p< 0.03 respectively]. in liver CE, cystic predictive factors of false negative IHA are single cyst, unilocular or degenerative type and size inferior to 9 cm