ABSTRACT
Introduction: The Powdered Activated Carbon Treatment [PACT] has been proposed as an alternative in wastewater treatment and wastewater biomass protection against toxic substances. This study aims to evaluate PACT performance in treating dyes, acid orange, and remazol brilliant reactive blue
Materials and Methods: This empirical- applied research was carried out in pilot scale in which different dye removal systems were tested: activated sludge, PAC, and the combined activated carbon-biomass system. The degradability of selected dyes was evaluated through Zahn-Wellens method. Also, tests continued by adding different concentrations of powdered activated carbon and it's effect on activated sludge in different operating conditions was investigated. American Dye Manufacture Institute [ADMI] method was utilized for determination of dye removal in samples
Results: Results revealed that dye removal in combined carbon-biomass system was faster and more efficient than activated sludge individually. So, in the wastewater with the dye concentration of 100 ppm, the dye removals through biological process alone were equal to 60 % and 12.5 % for acidic and reactive dyes, respectively. The best PAC efficiency in activated sludge process was obtained in 1500 mg/L PAC concentration. Hydraulic Retention Time [HRT] and the optimum temperature of dyes' removal were determined 28 hours and 30 [degree sign], orderly; in these conditions the dye removal efficiency of 98.18 % was obtained. Also the dye removal using activated carbon-biomass system was adequately described by combining the kinetic equations
Conclusion: PACT could be considered as an acceptable and highly efficient method for removal of different dyes in textile industry
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Expensive chemical tests are usually applied to control the efficiency of wastewater treatment plants. However, the cost of measuring these parameters is one of the challenges of the wastewater treatment plants. Using statistical methods has been evaluated for possibility of calculating expensive parameters by measuring the inexpensive parameters in this study
Methods: Initial sample number in this study was 87 cases, that were collected from SBR effluent treatment plants of Yazd as a routine sampling for two years in March 2013 to March 2015. TSS and turbidity parameters were defined as independent variables and twelve parameters including BOD[5], COD, TKN, NH[3], NO[3], NO[2], TP, TH, Ca, Mn, alkalinity, and color were the dependent variables
Spearrman test was used to investigate the significant relationship between independent and dependent variables.Linear regression analysis was used to determine the linear equation between TSS and turbidity as independent variables with BOD[5], COD, TKN, NH[3], NO[2], TP and color as dependent variables
Results: The results of the regression equations in relation to turbidity and TSS with independent variables showed that the R value for color, TKN, NH3, BOD[5], COD TP, and NO2 were 0.942, 0.931 ,0.91, 0.905, 0.874, 0. 872 and 0.86respectively from the highest to the lowest
Conclusion: The measured values of BOD[5], COD, TKN, TP, NO[2], NH[3], and color in laboratory were very close to those predicted through regression equations. Therefore, regression equations created in this study can be used to calculate expensive parameters