ABSTRACT
The present study was planned to evaluate the level of expressed emotion [EE], depression and caregiver burden in wives of veterans admitted in Ibn-e-Sina psychiatric hospital and determine the relationship with number of readmissions in 6-month follow up. This cross-sectional study was performed on 50 veterans hospitalized in Ibn-e-Sina psychiatric hospital and their wives in 2008. Psychiatric disorders had been diagnosed based on semi structural clinical interview and DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria and the severity of illnesses was assessed with clinical global impression scale [CGI-S]. Beck depression inventory [BDI], family burden interview scale [FBIS] and the level of expressed emotion [LEE] tests were performed for wives. The number of readmission of veterans was assessed 6 months later. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation, Mann-Whitney and ANOVA tests. It was shown that 42% of wives had mild depression, 26% had moderate depression and 8% had severe depression. Also 52% of them were suffering from severe caregiver burden and 14% had high EE. Veterans' average number of readmission in 6 months follow up was 1.6 +/- 1.28. The average of FBIS scores in wives was 31 +/- 10.49. There was no significant relationship between average of LEE [P=0.67], BDI [P=0.19] and FBIS [P=0.92] scores and LEE subsets in wives with the number of veterans' readmissions. The level of expressed emotion, depression and caregiver burden in wives are not related with the number of readmission in veterans admitted in psychiatric hospital in Iran
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder among patients visited following an orthopedic traumatic injury and to identify changes in vital signs and demographic variables associated with the disorder. Descriptive study. The study was done on one hundred patients admitted to outpatient orthopedic clinic in Imam Reza Hospital [Mashhad, IRAN]. The study was carried out during spring and summer of 2006. Upon admission, demographic information, pain intensity according to patient's sense, pulse rate, blood pressure were assessed and General Health Questionnaire-28 was filled for the patients. Then symptoms of PTSD were evaluated on the beginning and after one and three months follow up based on DSM-IV criteria. The initial data from the patients developing PTSD after one and three months were compared with those without the disease. After one month, 5 patients [8.3%] and after three months 6 patients [12.8%] had complete PTSD criteria and 10 patients [16.7%] after one month and 6 patients [12.8%] after three months developed subsyndromal PTSD. Presence of high pulse rate [P=0.000], high intensity of the tolerated pain [p=0.000], more somatization symptoms [p=0.041] and more anxiety symptoms [p=0.039] predicted the development of PTSD after one month and presence of high pulse rate [P=0.000], high intensity of the tolerated pain [P=0.000], high maximum blood pressure [P=0.047], more somatization symptoms [P=0.019] and more anxiety symptoms [P=0.024] predicted the development of PTSD after three months. High Blood Pressure, pulse rate and pain as well as more anxiety and somatization symptoms upon experience of trauma may increase rate of PTSD in sever orthopedic patients