ABSTRACT
Aim of the work: bisphenol A [BPA] is a synthetic monomer that is polymerized to manufacture polycarbonate plastic products and resins, including those used in food packaging and dental sealants. It is used in the manufacture of a great variety of products including: compact disks, food can linings, plastic windows, car parts, adhesives, protective coatings and powder paints. This work aimed to study the effect of prenatal exposure to BPA on the endometrium of female rats
Materials and methods: thirty adult female albino rats were divided into three groups: rats in group 1 served as a control [G1] and received an equal amount of sesame oil to those of the treated groups; those in group 2 [G2] were administered by gavage 5.0 microg BPA/kg/day [low-dose group]; the third group [G3] received 50 microg BPA/kg/day [high-dose group]. The female offspring of each group were weaned at day 21 and maintained until 3 months old. The uteri were dissected for the histological and immuno-histochemical examination
Results: low-dose group showed degeneration of the epithelial lining of the endometrium with focal patches of increased epithelial cell layers. The high dose group revealed cytoplasmic hydropic degeneration and pyknotic nuclei of the epithelial cells. Estrogen receptors showed a significant decrease of positive cells in low dose treated group and this decrease markedly accentuated in the high dose one. Positive nuclei for Ki-67 were markedly increased with increasing doses of BPA
Conclusion: BPA showed obvious endometrial degenerative and proliferative histological changes. Therefore, the use of this substance in food packaging materials and in the manufacture of substances liable to come into contact with food and drink should be phased out
Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Phenols , Endometrium/drug effects , Rats , ImmunohistochemistryABSTRACT
To evaluate the procedure of transperitoneal laparoscopic lymphadenectomy and to assess the predictive value of stage and grade of nodal metastases in bladder and prostate cancer, 47 patients were evaluated for elective laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection [LPLND]. The procedure was done for prostatic cancer in 28 patients and bladder cancer in 19 patients. All patients were evaluated by history taking, urine analysis and culture, complete blood picture, liver function tests, serum urea and creatinine and blood sugar. In addition, bladder cancer patients were subjected to plain X-ray and intravenous urography, abdominal and pelvic sonography, CT scan, cystoscopy and biopsy. Prostatic cancer patients were subjected to an estimation of prostatic specific antigen, abdominal and pelvic sonography, transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy, CT scan and bone scan. Transperitoneal laparoscopic lymphadenectomy was done. A histopathological examination of lymph nodes removed laparoscopically was also done. The operative time, intra and postoperative complications encountered were recorded. The results showed that LPLND offers a relatively safe, accurate and minimally invasive alternative to st and ard open lymphadenectomy with minimal morbidity, short hospital stay and rapid recovery