ABSTRACT
Extramedullary hematopoiesis is a common occurrence in thalassemia and may rarely cause cord compression. Herein, a case of beta -thalassemia major with lower extrimity weakness and sensory deficit is presented. MRI revealed epidural extramedullary mass compressing the thoracic cord. Fine needle aspiration of the mass was performed under the guide of sonography and pathologic examination was in favor of extramedullary hematopoiesis. The patient received 1600 cGy 60Co radiation to the thoracic cord in 8 fractions. Three weeks after radiation, there was a complete resolution of the mass with total recovery of neurological deficits. Wherever beta - thalassemia is enedemic, extramedullary hematopoiesis as a cause of cord compression must be kept in mind and radiotherapy is to be considered the modality of choice in the therapeutic management