ABSTRACT
Background: The effects of cyclosporine [Cs], a fungal cyclic polypeptide with potent immunosuppressive activity, on fertility have assumed greater signi.cance with the in-creasing numbers of transplantations being performed all over the world. Current study was undertaken to investigate the potential of Satureja khuzestanica Essential Oil [SEO] as an antioxidant to mitigate Cs-induced reprotoxicity
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study [April-July 2012], thirty-two adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 8 animals each. Two groups of rats were administered Cs [40 mg/kg/day, per oral [p.o.]] for 45 days. One of these groups received SEO [225 mg/kg/day, p.o.] four hours after Cs administration. A vehicle-treated control group and a SEO control group were also included. Epididymal sperm characteristics, in vitro fertilizing capacity as well as embryo development were evaluated. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test were used, and the value of P<0.05 was considered as the criterion for statistical significance
Results: Sperm count and viability along with fertilization and blastocyst development rates were significantly decreased by Cs treatment. Moreover, Cs-treated group showed significant increases in DNA damage, protamine deficiency of the sperm cells and proportion of spermatozoa with cytoplasmic droplet. Notably, aforementioned parameters were improved to near normal level by SEO co-administration
Conclusion: These results suggest that SEO has a protective action against Cs-induced reprotoxicity in a rat model
ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: Clinical efficacy of doxorubicin [DOX], a widely used antineoplastic drug, is limited by causing damage to normal tissues. The aim of this study was to determine the possible protective effects of Citrullus colocynthis pulp hydroalcoholic extract [CCE] on reproductive toxicity induced by DOX treatment
Material and Methods: In this randomized controlled experimental study, 24 adult male mice were divided into groups of 6 animals. DOX was administered to two groups of the mice at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg intraperitoneally on days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35. One of these groups received CCE at a dose of 200 mg/kg intraperitoneally four hours after DOX treatment. This study also included two other groups: vehicle-treated control group and a group which received only CCE. Epididymal sperm fertilizing capacity of all animals were evaluated after 35 days. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey test for post hoc comparisons
Results: DOX treatment resulted in a significant decrease in the fertilization rate and embryonic development along with increased rate of embryo growth arrest. Concomitant administration of CCE with DOX, restored all mentioned parameters to normal values
Conclusion: These findings suggested a possible potential role for CCE in the protection of DOX-induced reproductive toxicities
ABSTRACT
Stanozolol [ST] is a synthetic anabolic-androgenic steroid often abused by athletes. An increasing body of evidence points towards the role of ST misuses in the pathogenesis of a wide range of adverse effects including reprotoxicity. The aim of this study was to analyze the possible reproprotective effect of royal jelly [RJ] as an efficient antioxidant in ST-treated mice. Adult male mice were divided into four groups [n=5]. Two groups of mice received ST [4.6 mg/kg/day] via gavage for 35 days. RJ was given orally to one of these groups at the dose level of 100 mg/kg body weight per day synchronously. Untreated control group and RJ-only treated group were also included. Epididymal sperm characteristics and in vitro fertilizing capacity were evaluated after 35 days. ST treatment caused a significant [p < 0.05] decrease in sperm count and motility and fertilization rate along with poor blastocyst formation and increased sperm DNA damage. Moreover, the incidence of apoptosis and abnormality in spermatozoa was significantly [p < 0.05] higher in ST-exposed mice than those of control. The above-mentioned parameters were restored to near normal level by RJ co-administration. Data from the current study suggest that RJ has a potential repro-protective action against ST-induced reproductive toxicity in mice. However, clinical studies are warranted to investigate such an effect in human subjects
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine bilateral effects of unilateral iatrogenic vas deferens trauma [UIT] on epididymal sperm characteristics and in vitro fertilizing capacity in an experimental mouse model
Methods: Experiments were performed on three equal groups each comprising six adult male mice. Following anaesthesia, UIT was induced by clamping left vas deferens with a mosquito clamp in fully locked fashion for 2 minutes in UIT group. Control-sham mice only had exposure of the left vas deferens through a groin incision. Control animals only received ceftriaxone [100 mg/kg] intraperitoneally at the day of experimental UIT induction. Ipsilateral and contralateral epididymal sperm characteristics and in vitro fertilizing capacity were evaluated after 35 days
Results: UIT significantly decreased sperm concentration, motility and viability as well as fertilization, two-cell embryos, blastocysts and hatched blastocysts rates. Moreover, incidence of DNA damage and abnormality in spermatozoa was significantly higher in UIT group
Conclusion: The findings suggest that a non-recognized iatrogenic vas deferens trauma may have detrimental effects on spermatozoa leading to infertility
ABSTRACT
Cyclosporine [Cs], a cyclic undecapeptide with potent immunosuppressive activity, causes several adverse effects including reproductive toxicity. This study aims to examine the ability of Crataegus monogyna aqueous fruit extract as an antioxidant to protect against Cs-induced reproductive toxicity. In this experimental study, 32 adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of eight animals each. Rats in two groups received 40 mg/kg/day Cs for 45 days by oral gavage. In addition, one of the two groups received Crataegus monogyna aqueous extract at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day orally four hours after Cs administration. The remaining two groups consisted of a vehicle treated control [Cont] group and a Crataegus monogyna control [Cr] group. Differences between groups were assessed by analysis of variance [ANOVA] using the SPSS software package for Windows. Cs treatment caused a significant decrease in sperm count and viability with an increase in DNA damage and protamine deficiency of the sperm cells. We observed significant decreases in fertilization rate and embryonic development, in addition to an increased rate of embryo arrest in Cs-treated rats. Crataegus monogyna co-administration attenuated all Cs-induced negative changes in the above-mentioned parameters. Supplementation with Crataegus monogyna a queous fruit extract could be useful against reproductive toxicity during Cs treatment in a rat model
ABSTRACT
Cyclophosphamide [CP] is extensively used as an antineoplastic agent for the treatment of various cancers, as well as an immunosuppressive agent. However, despite its wide spectrum of clinical uses, CP is known to cause several adverse effects including reproductive toxicity. Crataegus monogyna is one of the oldest pharmaceutical plants that have been shown to be cytoprotective by scavenging free radicals. The present study was conducted to assess whether Crataegus monogyna fruits aqueous extract with anti-oxidant properties, could serve as a protective agent against reproductive toxicity during CP treatment in a rat model. Male Wistar rats were categorized into four groups. Two groups of rats were administered CP at a dose of 5 mg in 5 ml saline/kg/day for 28 days by oral gavages. One of these groups received Crataegus monogyna aqueous extract at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day orally four hours after cyclophosphamide administration. A vehicle treated control group and a Crataegus monogyna control group were also included. The CP-treated group showed significant decreases in the body, testes and epididymides weights as well as many histological alterations. Stereological parameters and spermatogenic activities [Sertoli cell, repopulation and miotic indices] were also significantly decreased by CP treatment. Notably, Crataegus coadministration caused a partial recovery in above-mentined parameters. These findings indicate that Crataegus monogyna may be partially protective against CP-induced testicular toxicity