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1.
Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. 2014; 21 (2): 320-331
in Persian | IMEMR | ID: emr-181217

ABSTRACT

Background: One of the ways to treat prostate cancer is brachytherapy using low-energy sources, such as iodine-125 [125I]. The purpose of this study was to assess dose enhancement factor in tumors in the presence of various nanoparticles in prostate tumor, and the effect of these nanoparticles on isodose curves in prostate cancer brachytherapy using Monte Carlo simulation.


Materials and Method: 125I brachytherapy source model SL- 125/SH-125 was simulated using Monte Carlo MCNPX code. TG- 43 parameters were calculated and verified. Dose enhancement factors were evaluated in presence of Fe2O3, Ag, Gd, Pt and Au nanoparticles in central cross section of the tumor in concentrations of 7, 18 and 30 mg/ml.


Results: Dose rate constant obtained 0.954 cGyh-1U-1. Maximum dose enhancement factors for Fe2O3, Ag, Gd, Pt and Au were 1.79, 1.32, 1.14, 1.15 and 1.27, respectively. Also, the 100% isodose line shifted toward the central point of the spherical tumor and the 100% isodose line shifted outward. Dose enhancement factors had no rule in increasing or decreasing by atomic number of nanoparticles.


Conclusion: Regarding to the simulation results, it can be concluded that nanoparticles presence in tumor leads to dose increase inside the tumor and dose decrease outside the tumor. Therefore, we can reduce treatment time and activity. So, the clinical use of these nanoparticles is recommended to enhance prostate brachytherapy dose.

2.
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 2014; 30 (4): 708-711
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-146987

ABSTRACT

There are conflicting data on the effects of fasting in Ramadan in Muslim countries on Lipid profile. We aimed to evaluate the effect of fasting on lipid profiles and some ratios which are strong for predicting cardiovascular disease. This prospective observational study was done in Iran in 2012. Forty three persons were enrolled into the study. Their anthropometric measurement was done. Fasting plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL], low density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL], total cholesterol [TC], and triglyceride [TG] were measured at baseline and after one month fasting during Ramadan by standard methods. Paired t test were used to compare lipid profiles before and after the intervention. High density lipoprotein cholesterol was 33.10 +/- 6.53 mg/dL at baseline and increased to 42.49 +/- 8.44mg/dL [P < 0.001]. Fasting in Ramadan decreased serum LDL/HDL and TG/HDL ratios significantly [P < 0.001]. Triglyceride levels were unaffected. Low density lipoprotein and total cholesterol levels increased [P=0.008]. Changes did not differ significantly between men and women. Fasting in Ramadan is effective to ameliorate High density lipoprotein, and LDL/HDL and TG/HDL ratios. Omitting one meal may be considered to control High density lipoprotein level. TG = Triglyceride, LDL = Low density Lipoprotein, HDL = High Density Lipoprotein, TC = Total Cholesterol

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