ABSTRACT
Abstract Knowledge of the Arabian Gulf fish's parasite fauna is very poor. Until recently, only scattered reports from different locations are known for ecto- and endoparasites. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the digenean species that infects one of the most economically fish species in the Arabian Gulf, the rosy goatfish Parupeneus rubescens . One plagiorchiid species has been described, belonging to the Gorgoderidae family, and has been named as Phyllodistomum vaili Ho, Bray, Cutmore, Ward & Cribb, 2014 based on its morphological and morphometric characteristics. In order to accurately classify and characterize this plagiorchiid species, molecular analysis was carried out using both nuclear 18S and 28S rRNA gene regions and revealed that the present plagiorchiid species was associated with other species belonging to the Gorgoderidae family and deeply embedded in the Phyllodistomum genus, closely related to the previously described P. vaili (gb- KF013187.1, KF013173.1). The present study therefore revealed that the species Phyllodistomum is the first account as endoparasites from the rosy goatfish inhabiting the Arabian Gulf.
Resumo O conhecimento da fauna de parasitas dos peixes do Golfo Árabe é escasso. Atualmente, apenas relatórios dispersos de diferentes locais são conhecidos para ecto e endoparasitas. Portanto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar as especies digenéticas que infectam uma das espécies economicamente mais importantes do Golfo Arábico, o peixe-cabra rosado Parupeneus rubescens . Uma espécie de plagiorquídeo foi descrita, pertencente à família Gorgoderidae e foi denominada Phyllodistomum vaili Ho, Bray, Cutmore, Ward & Cribb, 2014, com base em suas propriedades morfológicas e morfométricas. A fim de classificar e caracterizar com precisão essa espécie de plagiorquídeo, a análise molecular foi realizada usando as regiões nucleares do gene 18S e 28S rRNA, revelando que a atual espécie de plagiorchídeo estava associada a outras espécies pertencentes à família Gorgoderidae e, profundamente incorporada ao gênero Phyllodistomum , intimamente relacionado ao P. vaili descrito anteriormente (gb - KF013187.1, KF013173.1). O presente estudo revelou, portanto, que a espécie Phyllodistomum vailli é o primeiro relato como endoparasita do peixe-cabra rosado que habita o Golfo Arábico.
Subject(s)
Animals , Trematoda/isolation & purification , Perciformes/parasitology , Fish Diseases/parasitology , Phylogeny , Saudi Arabia , Trematoda/classification , Trematoda/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , RNA, Ribosomal, 18S , RNA, Ribosomal, 28SABSTRACT
Traumatic brain injury following head injury is a major public health problem that can result in significant long-term morbidity and mortality among adults and children worldwide. Emergency brain imaging is necessary for individuals subjected to traumatic brain injury to early detect treatable conditions. Prompt neurosurgical management of treatable conditions can prevent further damage and secondary neurological deficits. This will subsequently improve the outcome and reduce long-term disability. Computed Tomography (CT) of the brain is the investigation of choice for assessment of patients with head injury due to its availability, advantages, and sensitivity for multiple lesions following head trauma. This article will review and discuss the importance of CT imaging in evaluating patients with traumatic brain injury, its advantages, limitations, and prognostic values
ABSTRACT
Background: To assess the self perception of one's own smile and its influence on their behavior and also their ability to rate different types of smiles from most attractive to least attractive on a visual analogue scale by dental and non dental students. Methods: This study was carried out by using structured questionnaire and booklet of visual analogue scale distributed to 276 students in Taif University that included Dental, Medical and Pharmacy students. Results: Medical (66%), Pharmacy (60%) and dental students (49%) agreed for confidence in their own smile. Observing smiles of others in photographs was significantly higher for dental students 60%, compared to medical 58% and pharmacy 41% students. 56% of both dental and medical students agreed that they recognized the minor defects in their own smile whereas for pharmacy students 40% agreed for the same [p<0.01]. Conclusion: This survey showed that the dental and medical students were able assess their own smile and also other's smile better than pharmacy students. Dental students were able to detect minor defects in smile photographs better than medical and pharmacy students
ABSTRACT
Background: Ocular ischemic syndrome [OIS] is more prevalent among male aged more than 50 years. Various disorders such as diabetes, hypertension, and peripheral vascular diseases are major risk factors responsible for OIS in aged male
Case report: This case study involves a 57-year-old male patient having history of diabetes, hypertension, slurred speech, hemiparesis and hypoesthesia of the right side of the body. The patient came with complain of red eye, pain and decreased vision in left eye. Complete left internal carotid artery obstruction, rubeosis iridis of the left eye, dots of hyphema of the left eye, bilateral hard exudates, significant macular edema and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy were observed in the patient. In this case, in consultation with ophthalmology, surgery and medicine departments multidrug treatment procedure was followed. This multi-drug based therapy successfully controlled the condition of patient and improved the vision of patient
ABSTRACT
Background: exposure of the body's connective tissue to group A â-hemolytic streptococci, after an infection, causes an inflammatory response called Rheumatic fever [RF]. When the heart's connective tissue is affected, the condition is called Rheumatic heart disease [RDH]
Aim of the Work: we aimed at discovering the prevalence of RDH among cardiac patients and to determine factors that played a role in its development. Also, the study was conducted to find out the causal relationship between early treatment of RF and the occurrence of RHD
Patients and Methods: faisal Hospital's cardiac outpatient clinics, in Taif, KSA, who filled a designed questionnaire after training. To screen the population for the prevalence of RDH among cardiac patients and to determine factors that played a role in its development. Also, it was conducted to find the causal relationship between early treatment of RF and the occurrence of RHD. The ages were from 18 to 70 years old
Results: the overall prevalence of RHD among cardiac patients was 8%. The difference in prevalence of RHD was statistically significant [p=0.021] between patients whose family sizes exceeded 10 individuals [37.5%] compared to those whose family sizes was 10 individuals or less [62.5%]. Also, the difference in prevalence of RHD was statistically significant [p=0.044] between patients who had little [37.5%] or no knowledge [37.5%] about symptoms of RHD compared to those who had moderate [25%] or good knowledge [0%] about symptoms of RHD. The effect of RF management on RHD was studies and it was found that irregular and incomplete antibiotic therapy in case of tonsillitis [p=0.006] and irregular oral hygiene [p=0.027] were associated with higher prevalence rates of the disease
Conclusion: The that efficient management of rheumatic fever and acute tonsillitis in terms of adequate antibiotic therapy, good oral hygiene and awareness about the symptoms of RHD are very import aspects to protect against RHD
ABSTRACT
Background: Glaucoma is a disease which damage the eye's optic nerve. That so many instances of glaucoma can be undiscovered ways that research studies based in hospitals or specialist clinics, as an example, can be biased to specific classes of referred patients and so not representative of the Glaucoma associate
Objective: In this review we discuss risk factors that lead to onset of glaucoma and focus on risk factors affecting the progression of this disease, to give information to prevent and start early treatment
Method: PubMed and Embase database were searched up to July, 2018 for relevant studies that discussing the risk factors of glaucoma
Conclusion: The most consistent factors are older age and also higher baseline IOP. Currently, there is very little we can do about age, due to the fact that it is probably a surrogate threat factor for various other potentially more important elements, for example, mitochondrial performance. Because IOP can be lowered either medically or operatively, it is a flexible threat or prognostic element for open-angle glaucoma
ABSTRACT
Background: genital Herpes infection is caused by HSV 1 and HSV2 Virus. It causes distressing symptoms in a significant number of adolescents and adults with over 40 million people sufferers from recurrent HSV genital ulcer disease causes significant disease globally and it is potentially fatal when transmitted to neonates and most maternal infections with risk of transmission are asymptomatic
Aim of the Study: highlighting the crucial rule of parents? education and awareness on the prevention and management of HSV in neonates [NHSV]
Patients and methods: 112 females and 34 males HSV2 seropositive patients were assigned to fill a questionnaire on their awareness about HSV2 infection and symptoms and its effect on potential neonates. In parallel, there was a questionnaire for the assigned gynecologists to assess the counseling process of the mothers about the history of previous infection. Data was compared to the patients? medical chart and past delivery of defected and treated neonates
Results: Patients whom were aware with the dangerous effect of the infection of virus had no mortality in their neonatal and had the good treatment for them
Conclusion: Couple educational and Awareness campaigns on genital Herpes infection have become a compelling need in order to avoid neonates mortality and help in designing preventive measures for neonates morbidity
ABSTRACT
Handling depression is one of the greatest challenges facing pregnant women across the globe. The level of antenatal depression and anxiety has a prevalence rate of above five percent but less than twelve. Escalated depression has been associated with increasing maternal and infant mortality because of the development of secondary disorders such as preeclampsia and other obstetric-related conditions. The objective of this review was to determine the relationship that exists between depression and anxiety and preeclampsia in early pregnancy
The present paper draws conclusions on the etiology and potential predisposing factors of preeclampsia based on the studies consulted which ascertained the existence of a correlation between antenatal anxiety and depression and preeclampsia which should serve as the baseline for the assessment of the pathogenesis and future direction, the existing literature has
Subject(s)
Humans , Women , Adult , Middle Aged , Anxiety , Pregnancy Trimester, First/psychology , Depression , Risk Factors , Maternal Mortality , Infant MortalityABSTRACT
Background: Second trimester short cervical length identifies women at increased risk for an early spontaneous Preterm birth [sPTB], hence raising a compelling needed for Cervical Assessment for prediction and possible Preventing Preterm Delivery
Objective of the study: to assess the implications associated with a short cervical length as well as the use of ultrasonographic-derived cervical length measurement in predicting preterm birth. Methods: the present review includes relevant randomized controlled trials [RCTs] that investigated the in Medline [via PubMed], Cochrane Library and Embase. Retrospective and Prospective Cohort studies, Case-control and Randomised controlled trials. There were no restrictions by outcomes examined, language or publication status
Results: The critical search results yielded 6 articles [randomized trials=2, cohort studies=3, case-control study=l] representing 653 patients . Five of the 6 presented similar pregnancy outcomes [spontaneous preterm birth or pregnancy Joss < 24 weeks' gestation] between the ultrasound-indicated and the history-indicated cerclage groups. 45-69% of the patients followed with cervical ultrasound were able to avoid cerclage
Conclusion: Evidence from randomized trials supports that transvaginal ultrasound is predictive of preterm birth in women with prior preterm birth and a short cervix. The thresholds proposed vary from 15 mm to 28 mm and cerclage is thus recommended
Subject(s)
Humans , Women , Infant, Newborn , Cervix Uteri/abnormalities , Pregnancy Trimester, Second , Review Literature as Topic , Pregnancy Outcome , Cerclage, Cervical , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and practices of the general public about the common cold in Taif, KSA
Methods: A pre-validated questionnaire was developed and administered to 1700 respondents using a non-probability convenience sampling technique. A total of 1487 completed and valid questionnaires were successfully obtained. All data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 22.0 at an alpha value of 0.05
Results: The majority of respondents demonstrated poor knowledge about the common cold. Forty percent of respondents believed that there was no difference between the common cold and the flu. Sixty-six percent of participants believed that antibiotics would cure the common cold. Only 24% believed that coughing and direct contact with patients suffering from the common cold would spread this illness. A small number of participants, after catching the common cold, took precautionary measures such as avoiding contact with other people
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the general public has poor knowledge about the common cold, which is reflected in their routine practices towards illness management. Healthcare policy makers should consider these findings in developing plans for improving public knowledge and practices