ABSTRACT
To study the profile of oesophagogastroduodenoscopy [OGD] in children, review the indication, results of biopsies, safety of the procedures and its benefits. Between June 2002 and March 2004, 88 children [54 males and 34 females] were enrolled into study. Their ages ranged from 5 years to 12 years with average age 7.5 years [S.D. +/- 3.2 years]. OGD was performed under general anesthesia, after an 8-hour fasting. The indications of OGD were chronic abdominal pain in 62 [70.4%], repeated hematemesis in 19 [21.7%] and unexplained vomiting in 7 cases [7.9%]. Tissue biopsies were obtained from all abnormal lesions as well as random biopsies from the oesophagus [one], gastric body [one], antrum [two; one for pathology and one for rapid urease test], and duodenum [one]. Positive endoscopic findings were found in 68 [77.3%] cases, while normal or no pathological abnormalities were detected in 20 [22.7%]. The commonest lesion found was superficial gastric mucosal lesions in 21 [23.9%], followed by gastric ulcers [19.3%], reflux oesophagitis [11.5%] and oesophagitis [ulcers] [10.2%].Less commonly found lesions were hemorrhagic erosive duodenitis [4.5%], oesophageal varices [4.5%] and duodenal ulcers [3.4%]. Biopsies were taken from 43 [48.9%] children. In 32 [74.4%] out of them there were histological abnormalities. The most common findings were non-specific gastritis in 15 [34.9%] followed by Helicobacter pylori [H.pylori] infections in 10 [23.2%]. Less common were eosinophilic gastroenteritis in 4 [9.3%] and nonspecific inflammations in the oesophagus in 3 [7%]. OGD in children is safe, easy procedure with moderm instruments, with excellent results which aids in diagnosis and treatment of many gastrointestinal disorders in children
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures , Gastrointestinal Diseases/diagnosisABSTRACT
To determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in Sohag city among 6-8 years old school children and its relation to socio-demographic factors, environmental factors, behavioral habits and complaints related to intestinal infestations. A total of 800 children [480 boys and 320 girls] have been randomly selected from ten primary schools belonging to Sohag district [five schools from villages [rural] and another five schools from main city and were enrolled into study. Their ages ranged from 72 months to 96 months with mean age of 77.5 months. Data were collected through questionnaire interview regarding socio-demographic clinical history and environmental conditions. All children have been examined in their schools with special interest to the general condition of the child, state of nutrition, abnormal facial pigmentation, pruritus around anus, vulvo-vaginitis, examination of nails as well as examination of eyes for signs of allergy, cardiac examination and other system examination. Fresh stool samples were prepared from children at their schools and examined microscopically. Blood samples were collected for complete blood count, serum iron and iron binding capacity. Further evaluation was needed in 120 children and included: anthropometric measurements, eye examination by ophthalmologist, skin examination by dermatologist, electrocardiography [ECG] and echocardiography Helminthic infestation was found in 512 [64%] out of the 800 children studied. Enterobius [E.] vermicularis was the most common parasite detected in all the 512 cases. Mixed infestations were found in 69 [8.6%] cases. Rural children had a higher percentage of parasitic infestation 341 [42.6%] than children in urban area 171 [21.4%]. Anemia detected in 395 children in the form of mild anemia in 160 [20%], moderate anemia in 151 [18.9%] and severe anemia in 84 [10.5%] according to grading of anemia by WHO classification. Intestinal parasitic infection is an important public health problem in Sohag city. Rural residence, mother education less than primary school, bad hygienic conditions were the significant associations. Health education on personal hygiene to the students and to the parents, especially to mothers is required