ABSTRACT
En la actualidad, existe un notable incremento en las patologías relacionadas con problemáticas sociales y de salud mental. La problemática social da cuenta de la existencia de situaciones familiares que ponen en riesgo a los niños, como situaciones de maltrato, violencia u omisión de cuidados de los mismos. Los problemas de salud mental hacen referencia a niños que padecen desordenes mentales que los llevan a la psicosis, intentos de suicidio, depresión, o trastornos del ánimo y del humor. Estas patologías son susceptibles de comorbilidades clínicas como la obesidad ya que las características familiares, las psiquiátricas y los aspectos psicológicos, entre ellos la ansiedad, han sido descritos en la producción y mantenimiento de la misma. Objetivo: Describir las características epidemiológicas de pacientes hospitalizados en una sala de internación general del Hospital de Niños Sor María Ludovica de La Plata con problemática en cuanto a patología Social y de Salud mental, durante un periodo de 18 meses. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Se analizaron 61 historias clínicas de ingresos 35 por patología de salud mental y problemática social en la sala 3 de Clínica Pediátrica durante un periodo de 18 meses. Resultados: El 78,6% fueron de sexo femenino y el 80 % mayores de 10 años. La mayoría provenía del Gran La Plata (90%). El 85% ingresaron en buen estado general o alcanzaron la estabilidad clínica en las primeras 72 horas de internación. Estas internaciones fueron prolongadas comparadas con el promedio de internación hospitalaria general. En ellas intervinieron múltiples servicios (promedio de 3 servicios por paciente y de 2 a 6 interconsultas). En un porcentaje importante (88%) se caracterizó a la familia como disfuncional o de riesgo. Conclusión: Se evidenció un predominio de hospitalizaciones por cuestiones sociales o de salud mental en pacientes de sexo femenino y del grupo de adolescentes. Los diagnósticos clínicos de ingreso se superpusieron a la problemática social y de salud mental demostrando la complejidad de estas patologías y la necesidad del trabajo interdisciplinario
Currently, there is a notable increase in pathologies related to social problems and mental health. The social problem accounts for the existence of family situations that put children at risk, such as situations of abuse, violence or lack of care for them. Mental health problems refer to children who suffer from mental disorders that lead to psychosis, suicide attempts, depression, or mood and mood disorders. These pathologies are susceptible to clinical comorbidities such as obesity since family characteristics, psychiatric and psychological aspects, including anxiety, have been described in its production and maintenance. Objectives: To describe the epidemiological characteristics of patients hospitalized in a general hospitalization room of the Sor María Ludovica Children's Hospital of La Plata with problems in terms of Social pathology and mental health, during a period of 18 months. Material and methods: Descriptive-retrospective study. 61 medical records of admissions for mental health pathology and social problems were analyzed in room 3 of Clínica Pediátrica during a period of 18 months. Results: 78.6% were female and 80% were older than 10 years. The majority came from Gran La Plata (90%). 85% were admitted in good general condition or achieved clinical stability in the first 72 hours of hospitalization. These hospitalizations were prolonged compared to the average general hospital stay. They involved multiple services (average of 3 services per patient and 2 to 6 interconsultations). In a significant percentage (88%) the family was characterized as dysfunctional or with social risk. Conclusion: A predominance of hospitalizations for social or mental health issues was evidenced in female patients and in the adolescent group. The admission diagnoses were superimposed on the social and mental health problems, demonstrating the complexity of these pathologies and the need for interdisciplinary work
Subject(s)
Mental Health , Risk Factors , Family , ChildABSTRACT
Aim:The aim of the study was to investigate and comparethelinear anthropometric body features of the Igbo, Ijaw and Yoruba, the three major ethnic groups in Southern Nigeria. The research design was a cross-sectional design. Methodology:The study made use of a total number of one thousand two hundred (1200) subjects divided into four hundred (400) subjects randomly selected from each of the Igbo, Yoruba and Ijaw ethnic groups of southern Nigeria whose ages ranged between 21 to 40 years with BMI of 18.50 to 30.00.Due to bone density,subjects whose BMI fell within the category of overweight according to conventional BMI classification,looked apparently healthy and were included in the study.Determination ofminimum sample size was done using the Taro Yamane’s formula. BMI and linear body anthropometric measurements were taken using stadiometer, calibrated flexible meter tape, meter rule and weighing scale. Statistical analysis was done using statistical packagefor the social science (SPSS version 25.0) and Microsoft Excel 2019. Continuous variables were presented as mean±SD; minimum and maximum. Age was grouped into two categories (21 –30 and 31 –40) years. Body Mass Index (BMI) was also grouped into two; normal weight and slightly overweight. Independent sample t-test was thus carried out to determine significant difference in the measured anthropometric variables across age and BMI groups. Confidence interval was set at 95%, therefore p< 0.05 was considered significant. Results:Results were presented in charts and tables. Variations were observed across the different ethnic groups. Age related changes and variations in BMI were also observed in the anthropometricparameters studied. On comparison with other racial populations, certain parameters were close while most showedmarked variation which underscores racial variation. Though certain degree of variation was observed across the three negroidethnic groups, it is not adequate to subcategorise these Southern Nigerian ethnic groups. Conclusion:These anthropometric values not only provide a description of the standardlinear anthropometric body features of southern Nigeria but could find use in anthropological and medical studies, standardization of anatomical models as well as in the design of products to fit this negroid population
ABSTRACT
Aim:The aim of this study was to determine the angular craniofacial soft tissue profile of adult southern Nigerian males of Igbo, Ijaw and Yoruba extractions. Methodology:The study made use of a total number of one thousand two hundred (1200) subjects divided into four hundred (400) subjects each from the Igbo, Yoruba and Ijaw ethnic groups of southern Nigeria whose ages ranged between 21 to 40 years. Determination of minimum sample size was done using the Taro-Yamane’s formula. The study employed the use of photogrammetry. Standardized photographic record of the 1200adults were taken in the natural head position. Photographs were analysed using a software tool (WinImager). Data generated were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 25.0 and Microsoft Excel 2019. Results:Results showed ethnic variations across the different ethnic groups. Age related changes were also observed. On comparison with other racialpopulations, marked differences were observed Conclusion:These anthropometric values define the facial soft tissue norm of southern Nigeria and could be useful in anthropometric studies, orofacial, orthodontic and maxillofacial surgeries, and forensics
ABSTRACT
Aim: Placental location affects the outcome of pregnancy. The influence of certain maternal factors on placental location is unknown. This study aimed at investigating the relationship between placenta location, maternal blood group, maternal genotype and parity among Port Harcourt women. Methodology: The study was a retrospective study which investigated the Relationship Between Placental Location, Blood Group and Genotype in Port Harcourt Women in Port Harcourt, Nigeria.A survey of pregnant women from October 1, 2013, to September 30, 2017, as well as delivery of the pregnancy, was undertaken using medical records.250 antenatal/post-natal medical records of parous women were randomly selected at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. Original ResearchArticle Placental locations were recorded. Each placenta was categorized as anterior, posterior and fundal. Lateral placentas located on the left or right portion of the anterior and posterior uterine walls were classified as anterior and posterior respectively. Data were also collected for other variables such as maternal blood group, genotype and parity. Results: Anterior placenta was predominant (47%) followed by the posterior placenta (45%) while Fundal was the least (8%). Majority of the women were of the O blood group (67.6%), blood group A (18%) was next, blood group B (13%) while AB (1.2%) was the least. Genotype AA was predominant (83.6%), followed by AS (15.6%) whereas genotype SS (0.8%) was the least. The distribution of parity showed that women who had given birth twice designated as Two were predominant (33.2%), followed by those who had given birth once designated as One, (30.8%), Three (19.2%) while Four and above, (10.8%) were the least. The association between placenta location and blood group was not significant (p>0.05). Similarly, there was no significant association between placenta location and genotype (ρ>0.05). However, there was a significant association (p<0.05) between placenta location and parity.Conclusion: Placental location had no association with blood group and genotype but was associated with parity. There was an absence of a relationship between placental location and these factors.