ABSTRACT
Background: upper GI endoscopy is an established procedure for investigating a wide range of upper GI conditions especially inflammatory and malignant diseases of stomach and esophagus. A good correlation in diagnosis can be achieved by complementing endoscopic findings with histology of biopsy specimens
Aims and objectives: 1] To evaluate morphological patterns of upper GI conditions. 2] To correlate endoscopic characterization of upper GI lesions with histopathological assessment of biopsy specimens
Study design: a retrospective descriptive study
Period: four year period from January 2010 to December 2013
Setting: department of Pathology, LUMHS and were histologically assessed
Material and methods: a total of 433 upper GI endoscopic biopsies were received. Patient's age, gender and presenting complaints were noted
Results: stomach was the most frequent site of endoscopic biopsy [51.3%] followed by esophagus [39%] and duodenum [9.7%]. Majority of patients [51%] presented with dysphagia and abdominal pain. Mean age of presentation was 40 years; age range, 9-90 years and male: female ratio is 1:1.6. Esophageal malignancy was the commonest neoplastic lesion with squamous cell carcinoma being the dominant histological type. Interestingly, inflammatory conditions were more common in the stomach. In the duodenum, celiac disease was clinically suspected and histopathological grading confirmed the diagnosis with majority of the cases showing grade-II pathology
Conclusion: this large retrospective institutional based study showed a good correlation between endoscopic and histological diagnosis. It further shows that esophagus is the predominant site of upper GI malignancy with strong female predominance. Further studies are needed to identify the underlying risk factors
ABSTRACT
Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare endocrine malignancy accounting for less than 1% of all cases of hyperparathyroidism. We present a case of a middle-aged woman who was undiagnosed for 3 years before presenting with renal stones and advanced musculoskeletal disease. Investigations revealed primary hyperparathyroidism. Focused cervical exploration and left inferior parathyroidectomy was carried out based on the pre-operative localization studies. Parathyroid carcinoma was diagnosed on histopathology postoperatively. Subsequent en bloc resection was not performed and the patient is being monitored with serial parathyroid hormone levels which have not shown any increase in 6 months of follow-up. Only two previous cases of parathyroid carcinoma have been reported from Pakistan
ABSTRACT
Four hundred sixty-six medicolegal cases were re-examined during the period of 3-years from 1998 to 2000 for correctness or otherwise of the challenged medicolegal certificates issued by the first examining medicolegal officer, and referred by the Health Authorities. Out of 466 cases, 190 [40.77%] cases were decided. 15 [7.89%] cases which were initially wrongly interpreted by the concerned medicolegal officer regarding the presence of nondisplaced fractures, were reviewed by the panel of experts, and keeping in view the persistent pain following trauma where the conservative radiograph failed to reveal fracture, specialized techniques in radiology i.e., Computerized Axial Tomography and Radionuclide Imaging, were utilized which showed 100% result by revealing fractures