comparative study of the methods of immobilization of colles' fracture

The aim of this study was to compare the functional and anatomical results of patients with Colles' fracture immobilized in above the elbow plaster-of-Paris costs. The relation between the results and the position of the forearm inside the plaster whether in pronation, supination or mid-position was studied as well

Rehabilitation nursing care of elderly patients suffering from fracture of the upper end of the femur

In the present study the researcher has chosen fracture of the upper end of the femur to implement a plan of care to the patients, to evaluate its effect to identify the complications that may result from long period of recumbency. The sample comprised 130 consecutive cases taken from the casualty department and were divided alternatingly into two groups. An experimental group comprised 65 patients given the proposed preventing nursing and concern group of 65 patients received the routine hospital care. This study showed a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in relation to free and early mobility of the patient, shorter period of hospitalization and lessen complications. It was concluded that nurses' knowledge as regards patients care needs to be improved to meet the new demands of elderly patients in orthopedic hospital

value of special radiological investigation in the diagnosis of knee injuries

One hundred cases of traumatic synovitis of the knee apparently without ligamentous or bony lesions were examined further under strong sedation clinically and by special X-ray projection. Twenty three cases were found to have a hidden cause for the effusion

Conservative treatment of the displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children

145 displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children were treated by manipulation and alternative immobilization in flexion and extension of the elbow joint by a posterior plaster slab. After a period of follow up of 4-36 months, 62% of the cases had satisfactory results which were more prevalent among cases fixed in extension. Among the complications met with during treatment were, limitation of elbow flexion in 24.8% of cases and extension in 5.3%. This limited movement was found to improve with time. Changes in the carrying angle in 13.8% was also found, and was more prevalent in cases fixed in flexion rather than in extension. Hyperextension deformity of the elbow on the other hand was present in 3.4% of cases and mainly in cases fixed in extension

Closed management of fractures of the proximal and middle phalanges by percutaneous Kirscher wire fixation

Fourty two fractures of the proximal and middle phalanges of the fingers were treated by percutaneous Kirschner wire fixation under local anaesthesia. In transverse, short oblique and fracture separation of the epiphysis an intramedullary pin was used. In long oblique and comminuted fractures two or more oblique crossing wires perpendicular to the fracture lines were used. After a period of follow up between 4 to 12 months with an average of 7.2 months the results obtained were 71.4% good, 14.1% fair and 14.1% poor. Among the complications met with were flexion deformities of the interphalangeal joints in 19%, angulation deformities in the fracture site in 14.3%. Boutonniere deformity on the other hand occured in two cases

Operative treatment of displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children by the posterior approach

Thirty displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children were openly reduced and fixed by two Kirschner wires through the posterior approach. Four fractures were not manipulated before surgery, while 26 were manipulated from one to four times. The time delay before operation ranged from 2 to 20 days. Cases followed for 6 months and up to one year had satisfactory results in 63.6% of the cases. Cases followed for less than 6 months had 27.3% satisfactory results. Limitation of elbow movement [59.6%], changes in the carrying angle [40%] and heterotropic ossifications [3.33%] were among the complications met with in this series

Conservative treatment of fractures of the middle third of the shaft of the humerus

Fourty five cases of recent closed fracture of the middle third of the humerus were followed after treatment either by a U-shaped slab and body bandage or a shoulder spica. 23 fractures were treated by the first method and 22 by the second. Excellent and good results were obtained in 91.3% of the U-shaped slab method and 54.6% of the shoulder spica method. Distraction, angulation deformity and stiffness of the joints were encountered during treatment

Surgical improvement of the calcanean deformity of the foot after poliomyelitis

Thirty calcanean feet were surgically treated to improve their function and appearance. The average age at operation was 9.6 years. Tendon transfer using different combinations of both peronoi, tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior was performed. Bone stabilizing operation proceeded all tendon transfer. After an average follow up period of 5.5 years the results were 36.7% satisfactory and 63.3% unsatisfactory

Treatment of traumatic effusion of the knee-joint

Seventy-three consecutive patients with traumatic effusion of the knee joint of unknown aetiology were treated by aspiration and systemic cortisone [Group I], aspiration and intraarticular cortisone [Group II] or aspiration and immobilisation in plaster of Paris cylinder [Group III]. Group I and II made earlier recovery than group III. Cases with severe effusion whatever the colour of aspirate lagged behind

Conservative treatment of fracture of the base of the fifth metatarsal bone

Fifty four cases of fracture of the base of the fifth metatarsal bone were the subject of this study. The fracture was found to be more common in females below the age of fourty. Indirect trauma was the cause of the fracture in 85% of cases. Simple avulsion fracture constituted 33.3% of all types in the whole material. The cases were classified into two groups without selection for comparison of two methods of conservative treatment. Both methods gave generally satisfactory results. However immobilization was found preferable in old age, in displaced fractures and in fractures, with intra-articular involvement

Bacteria in the air of the operating theatres: Part I a comparison of four operating sites in Alexandria

The level of contamination in the air of the operating theatres of the main big hospitals in Alexandria was studied. These hospitals were chosen because most major orthopaedic operations are performed there. Nutrient agar plates were used to measure the rate of settling of organisms from the air. The plates were placed in different sites before and after the daily work. It was found that the rate of settling of organisms [viable count] was higher than the safe standard defined by Smith in 1975. A wide variety of organisms was detected from all the theatres, however, staphylococci were the most common. The air of the theatre of Almousat Hospital was the least contaminated

Bacteria in the air of the operating theatres: Part II the effect of some factors on the rate of bacterial settling

A study was done on the effect of: 1. The number of persons inside the operation room. 2. Movements of the personnel inside the theatre. 3. Air currents originating from open windows and doors. Three experiments were done to determine the effect of these factors on the rate of bacterial settling from the theatres. It was found that air currents, excessive use of the swing doors and movements of large number of persons inside the operation rooms increased the contamination level. There was a significant rise in the number of colonies encountered

Bacteria in the air of the operative theatres: Part III the effect of different antiseptics on bacterial contamination of the air of operating theatres

A study was done to determine the effect of some antiseptics sprayed in the operation theatres on the degree of airborne contamination. Five experiments were done, and it was found that spraying of formaline or formaline ethanol mixture diminished the number of setting of organisms almost to nil. However, organisms stared to appear 24 hours after spraying and reached its maximum after 48 hours