Hemodynamic effect of 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine infiltration in maxillofacial surgeries under general anesthesia

Epinephrine-containing lidocaine is the most used anestheic drug in dentistry. The aim of this study was to investigate the hemodynamic changes following local infiltration of 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine in subjects undergoing orthognatic surgery under general anesthesia. Twenty five patients without any systemic disease participated. After general anesthesia, two cartridges of 2% lidocaine + 1:80,000 epinephrine were infiltrated around the surgery site. Systolic [SBP] and diastolic [DBP] blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure [MAP], heart rate [HR], and blood sugar [BS] were measured in three stages: before the injection [M1], at the end of injection [M2], and 10 min after injection [M3]. No significant difference observed in SBP, DBP, and MAP at the end of injection and 10 min later. HR was increased significantly after injection and remained significantly higher than baseline after 10 min. BS increased slightly at the end of injection and continued to increase after 10 min. However, changes in BS were not significant. Using two cartridges of epinephrine-containing lidocaine have slight systemic changes in healthy subjects; as a result, this dosage could be used in patients with cardiovascular complications undergoing general anesthesia

[Knowledge and diagnostic skill of general dentist in khorasan razavi province common [Iran] toward oral diseases 2009-10]

Proper and prompt diagnosis of oral mucosal diseases improves their prognosis level and therapy, but unfortunately these lesions are often misdiagnosed because of their clinical features resemblance. General dentists are important in early diagnosis and treatment of common oral diseases, therefore assessing their knowledge and practice is crucial. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge and skill of general dentists toward common oral lesions in Khorasan Razavi Province. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 260 dentists using an illustrated questionnaire. Knowledge and diagnostic skill of oral diseases were assessed and the responses were analyzed by SPSS software. Of the 260 dentists surveyed, 257 responded. The mean knowledge score of the dentists working in the city of Mashhad and other cities was 3.03 and 2.94; and the average of diagnostic skill was 2.024 and 1.97, respectively. There was no significant difference between two groups regarding knowledge score but the difference was significant in diagnostic skill. General dentists working in the city of Mashhad had better results in diagnostic skill significantly. Considering the overall low diagnostic skill score, it is recommended to schedule more workshops toward common oral diseases for general dentists.

[Evaluation of stress level and related factors among students of mashhad dental school [Iran] in academic year of 2008-2009]

Dental students are exposed to clinical environmental stresses in addition to educational environmental stresses. If psychological stressors become chronic and/or remain untreated, they result in psychological and physical symptoms. There are few studies about stress and dental students in our country. The aim of this study was to assess stress level and related factors sorted according to the academic year and gender, among dental students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences during 2008-2009.This study was a description-analytical and cross-sectional study. In this research two questionnaires were used concurrently and the information obtained was analyzed by the SPSS software. 52% of students showed abnormal levels of stress. Students of fourth academic year showed the highest level of stress. Stress levels in two genders were not significantly different. It was also characterized that university stressors played a more significant role in stress level than non-university stressors. Based on the results of this study, and the findings of, high levels of stress among dental students as well as the harmfulness of high levels of stress, greater attentions must be given to this issue by the uthorities. Furthermore, the forth year students who have recently entered the clinic, are in the greatest need of help