Analysis of target and mechanism of rhynchophylline in treatment of inflammatory bowel disease / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the feasibility and mechanism of rhynchophylline in the treatment of in-rhynchophylline flammatory bowel disease (IBD) based on network pharmacology combined with in vivo and in vitro experiments. Methods The target of rhynchophylline-IBD intersection was obtained from the database, and GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed. The binding of key target proteins was screened by molecular docking. In vivo the IBD model of mice was induced by sodium dextran sulfate (DSS). After seven days of rhynchophylline intervention, the signs of mice in each group were observed and DAI scores were recorded. The levels of interleukin-1β (3 (IL-1 β), my-eloperoxidase (MPO) and other inflammatory factors in colon tissue of mice were detected by ELISA. The intestinal permeability of each group was detected. In vitro experiments were conducted to establish the inflammatory model of Caco2 cells induced by DSS, and to clarify the regulatory effect of leptosinine on key targets. Results A total of 70 rhynchophylline-IBD intersection targets were screened, and enrichment analysis showed that they were related to the inflammatory prooess, PI3K-Akt and Hippo signaling pathway s. Molecular docking results showed that was most stable in binding with JAK2 and JAK1. In vivo experiment results showed that compared with model group, body weight, colon length and weight of rhynchophylline group significantly increased (P < 0. 05). DAI score, IL-1β, MPO and other inflammatory factors in colon tissue and intestinal permeability significantly decreased (P < 0. 01). In vitro experiment results showed that compared with model group, rhynchophylline group significantly promoted the proliferation of Caco2 cells (P < 0. 05). The levels of IL-6 and NO were significantly reduced (P < 0. 05). Western blot results showed that rhynchophylline could decrease the expressions of JAK2 and JAK1 (P < 0. 05). Conclusion Rhynchophylline may play a role in the treatment of IBD by inhibiting the expression of JAK2 and JAK1 proteins and reducing inflammatory response in body.

Effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in management of neuropathic pain in patients with post traumatic incomplete spinal cord injuries

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation [TENS] in management of neuropathic pain in post-traumatic incomplete spinal cord injury patients

Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted at from January 2017 to June 2017 at Paraplegic Center Hayatabad, Peshawar. Total 60 incomplete spinal cord injured patients with diagnosis of neuropathic pain were subjected to high frequency TENS of 80 HZ. One session was of 45 minutes while there were two sessions per day. TENS was applied for four days in a week and all patients were followed for eight week duration. Pain intensity was measured by using VAS [Visual analogue scale]

Results: Mean pain intensity on VAS at baseline was 6.45 which was decreased to 4.77 post intervention at day-1 while it was decreased to 3.48 at day-4 of week one. After application of TENS for 8 weeks, mean pain intensity was decreased to 2.80 +/- 1.74. During the consecutive sessions of the TENS application, the pain intensity decreases in a linear fashion and there were significant difference [p<0.05] between pre and post treatment sessions

Conclusions: TENS is useful and safe adjuvant in spinal cord injury patients for the management of neuropathic pain

Frequency of refractive error in children of district Abbottabad

To investigate the prevalence of refractive errors in children. A descriptive case series study of 10, 000 patients conducted in the department of ophthalmology Shahina Jamil Teaching Hospital Frontier Medical College Abbottabad. 10-15 years old children of district Abbottabad were initially screened. Children identified to have visual acuity equal to or less then 6/12 underwent refraction with autorefractor [with cycloplegic where needed] and were prescribed glasses. From 2008-2009. Proportion of children with Myopia, Hpermetropia and Astigmatism. A total of 10, 000 children were screened.4.7% of the total children screened had impaired visual acuity while 4.35% were found to have refractive errors. Prevalence of refractive error was found slightly more common among females. Myopia was found to be three times more common 3.33% than hypermetropia [1.00%] overall prevalence of astigmatism was found to be [1.78%].Refractive errors are significant cause of visual disability in children. Medical staff can effectively identify those children with poor vision for refraction and spectacles

Profile of patients attending eye OPD Shahina Jamil teaching hospital Abbottabad in year 2008 / 2009

The aim of our study was to collect relevant information about patients attending out patient department [OPD] of Ophthalmology in Shahina Jamil Hospital Abbottabad in year 2008/2009. A comprehensive proforma was designed which contained all relevant information about the patients. It was completed for each patient attending eye OPD from March 2008 to February 2009. At the end of the year all record was analyzed. The total number of patients attending eye OPD from March 2008 to February 2009 was 10,000. These patients were analyzed on the basis of age, sex and demography. Patients with different diseases were also analyzed. This study gave us an idea about the demographic and other details including diagnosis of the patients attending Eye OPD. Such studies are needed to tailor our health services according to the needs of the patients and their total quality management

Blunt non-perforating ocular trauma patterns of ocular damage and final visual outcome

To study the causes of blunt ocular trauma in a closed-globe, its various clinical signs on presentation and final visual outcome. A prospective analytic study of one hundred cases of the blunt ocular trauma conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. In one hundred cases. Seventy-nine [79%] were males and twenty-one [21%] were females. Hyphacma occurred in sixty-two cases [93.9%], mydriasis in twenty-nine cases [43.9%], traumatic iritis/uveitis fifty three [80.3%], and seventeen [25.8%] patients developed traumatic cataract. Traumatic Glaucoma occurred in 3% cases. Vitreous haemorrhage occurred in nineteen [63.3%] and seventeen [56.7%] cases were with retinal heamorrhages, commotio retinae was seen in ten [33.3%] post-traumatic optic atrophy occurred in eight [26.7%] and retinal detachment in six cases. Anterior segment involvement have better visual prognoses 89.4%, compared to posterior segment trauma which is 26.7%. A high percentage of youth and children suffered eye injuries, home setting and sports-related injuries were more common. Hyphaemas and lens injuries have relative little affect on the final visual outcome as compared to the posterior segments injuries

Corneal complications of spring catarrh

To look for signs of corneal complications in cases of spring catarrh. A descriptive case series study of 200 patients of spring catarrh was conducted in the department of ophthalmology Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. The most common complication of spring catarrh seen was superficial punctate keratitis [24%], [6%] were having vernal ulcer and [0.5%] had association with keratoconus. Spring was more common in people above 12 years; males were more affected common corneal complication turned out to be superficial punctate keratitis