ABSTRACT
Background: Most women with polycystic ovary syndrome PCOS don't even know that they have it ,and do not get a diagnosis until they begin trying to get pregnant
Objective: To identify the prevalence of the polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS] among infertile women attending the Institute of Embryo Research and Infertility Treatment in AL-KadhymiaBaghdad, and to identify some of the common characteristics of infertile women with PCOS and others without PCOS
Patients and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted for about four months,during which a review of records of all the women attending the Institute during the year 2010 [six hundred women]
Results: Results showed that the most common factors of infertility in infertile women is the PCOS, PCOS had a higher frequency among women aged 20-29 years, Slightly higher frequency of diabetes mellitus and hypertension among them than other group. higher frequency of acne and hirsutism among the PCOS cases than other causes group, and a higher frequency of increased prolactin leveland LH level in the PCOS cases
Conclusion: PCOS infertility comprises more than one fourth of causes of infertility and is associated mainly with primary infertility and among younger age group[20-29years]
ABSTRACT
The 2D:4D ratio can be considered as a measure of prenatal androgen exposure, with the lower 2D:4D ratios pointing to higher androgen exposure. Moreover, common molecular signals [HOX genes] control the embryological development of the appendicular skeleton and the gonads. To investigate the correlation between semen quality and an anthropometric measurement of digit ratio. To evaluate the relationship of spermatogenesis and body parts ratio which have a common embryological determinants. The study was performed on individuals attending the Institute of Embryo Research and Infertility Treatment /Al-Nahrain University/ Baghdad / Iraq. They were allocated from random pool of individuals required to perform seminal fluid analysis. The total number was [161] males. The index finger to ring finger [2D:4D] ratio was calculated after measuring the fingers with vernier. The ratio was correlated with sperm concentration, percentage of actively motile sperms and the percentage of normal sperms in single ejaculate. Sperm concentration was negatively correlated with 2D:4D ratio [P=0.004], while no statistical correlation was found between the digit ratio and percentage of actively motile sperm [P=0.82] and the percentage of normal sperms [P=0.84]. The ration of [2D:4D] is an indicator of sperm concentration. The lower the ratio [indicating longer ring finger], the higher is the sperm concentration. While no significant statistical correlation was found between the digit ratio and the percentages of actively motile sperms and morphologically normal sperms seminal fluid analysis
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Anthropometry , Semen , Spermatozoa , Sperm MotilityABSTRACT
Although the anatomy of the adult mammalian hippocampus has been studied extensively, few reports have dealt with hippocampal cytogenesis and morphogenesis. Moreover, the capillary network, which is the functional component of the vascular bed in terms of tissue metabolic requirements has not been studied during postnatal development of the rat hippocampus. To follow the postnatal development of the capillaries in the rat hippocampal formation in view of the temporal variation in the development of its regions using morphometric parameters. A sample of 37 rats was used, quantitation of the capillaries in four hippocampal regions [subiculum, regio superior, regio inferior, and dentate gyrus] at different postnatal ages [P1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, and 21 days] was performed using computer-aided morphometry of alkaline phosphatase positive capillary profiles. Capillary diameter, length/volume density, and intercapillary distance were measured on 30
m-thick frozen coronal sections after controlled fixation. There was a decrease in capillary diameter and in intercapillary distance, with a concomitant increase in capillary length density in all hippocampal regions at the second postnatal week [P10]. While the intercapillary distance was significantly reduced during the second postnatal week in all regions; however, its value during the first postnatal week was at its maximum in the dentate gyrus, minimum in the subiculum, and in between both in region superior and inferior. Capillary morphometric parameters were coincidental with the metabolic activity and volumetric growth during postnatal development. It appeared that [P10] was a decisive milestone in the growth of the hippocampal capillary network, at which capillary parameters indicated a significant increase in capillary sprouting and permeation. The repertoire of the changes in intercapillary distance was a replica of the volumetric proportional expansions of the hippocampal regions. The mean intercapillary distance was considered as the most sensitive microvascular parameter