ABSTRACT
Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media [CSOM] is one of the common diseases in routine ENT practice
Objective: To compare the efficacy of topical ciprofloxacin with oral ciprofloxacin 500mg twice daily in achieving dry ear [Medical cure] in Tubo-tympanic type of Chronic suppurative otitis media
Methodology: Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at ENT department of Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur from 01 January to 30 September 2015. One hundered patients, 11 to 60 years of age of either gender having Tubo-tympanic type of chronic supportive otitis media were included. Patients with previous antibiotic treatment, pregnant or lactating women, history of hypersensitivity to Quinolones [ciprofloxacin], chronic suppurative otitis media of Attico-antral type, known case of DM and hypertension were excluded. Selected patients were divided into two groups [Group A and Group B] by using lottery method. Group A [n=50] was given Ciprofloxacin ear drops and Group B [n=50] was given Oral Ciprofloxacin 500mg twice daily. The patients were followed up to 08 weeks after treatment [at least two follow up visits] and examined otoscopically and under microscope to assess the efficacy. The efficacy of drugs was graded into four grades depending upon the decrease in discharge amount [Poor/no response, satisfactory, good and excellent]. The data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20
Results: The mean age of group Apatients was 27 +/- 5 and in group B was 30 +/- 5 years. Males were 67 [67%] and females were 33 [33%] with ratio of 2:1. Bilateral CSOM in 27 [27%] and Unilateral was found in 73 patients [73%]. Efficacy was excellent in 52%, good in 24%, satisfactory in 8% and poor/ no response in 11% patients of Group A while it was excellent in 36%, good in 24%, satisfactory in 1% and poor/no response in 30% patients of Group B
Conclusion: This study concluded that Topical ciprofloxacin is more effective than oral ciprofloxacin in the medical treatment of tubo-tympanic type of CSOM to obtain dry ear
ABSTRACT
Background: aspiration of foreign bodies [FB] in tracheobronchial tree remains a continuous challenge to otorhinolaryngologists, major issues being their accurate diagnosis and timely as well as safe removal. Diagnostic and therapeutic bronchoscopy remains the gold standard in their management
Objective: the objective of this study was to identify clinical and demographic features of the patients, types of foreign bodies and the use of rigid bronchoscopy in their management
Patients and Methods: this was a three year descriptive study, carried out in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan, from 1st January 2007 to 31st December 2009. All patients underwent physical and radiological assessment and those with the highest level of suspicion of having foreign bodies in tracheobronchial tree, underwent diagnostic and therapeutic bronchoscopy
Results: rigid bronchoscopy was done in sixty six patients, of which 52 [78 %] were male. Fifty two out of sixty two [82%] patients were less than five years of age. Forty two patients were admitted within twenty four hours after aspiration. The most common clinical findings were prolonged expiration [42%], reduced air entry on affected side [24%], sternal retraction [20%], abnormal auscultation [40%], wheezing [62%] and fever [58%]. FBs were found in 62 [94%] patients. 42[68%] had FBs in right bronchi and 20 [32%] in left bronchi. Beetle nuts [39%] and peanuts [24%] were the most common FBs
Conclusion: patients especially children, with resistant or recurrent lower respiratory tract infections and those with high degree of suspicion must undergo bronchoscopic evaluation. Rigid bronchoscopy is a very effective procedure to safely remove FBs from proximal divisions of main bronchi
ABSTRACT
Birth anoxia remains an important cause of mortality and morbidity in neonates. Hypoxia/ischemia can lead to permanent brain damage and also affects other tissues of the body. It results from lack of oxygen before, during or after birth. The study was designed to assess the risk factors of birth asphyxia, common presentations and association of Apgar score with grades of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. The study is descriptive, prospective and carried out in the Paediatric Department of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad from September 2007 till September 2008. A total number of 181 neonates [144 males and 37 females] who showed the neurological signs of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy were included in the study. Maternal history was taken, Apgar scoring was done and neurological grading was done for the assessment of brain damage. Out of 181 neonates 77.9% were full term, 8.8% were premature, 5.2% were having intra uterine growth retardation and 6.1% were post mature. 38.7% were diagnosed as having grade-3, 38.7% as grade-2 and 22.6% as grade-1 encephalopathy. Mortality due to hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in our unit was 16%. 52.5% of the mothers were primigravida, 50% of the multigravid mothers had history of perinatal deaths, and 6.1% had ante-natal examination. Antenatal factors like lack of antenatal examinations, toxaemia of pregnancy and prolonged labour were major contributors to the mortality of neonates. Primigravid mothers, maternal anaemia, lack of antenatal examination, toxaemia of pregnancy and prolonged labour were the major contributors to the hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Early recognition of the risk factors and public health awareness needs to be addressed. Improvements in maternal health and regular antenatal checkups should be emphasised
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Risk Factors , Infant, Newborn , Asphyxia Neonatorum , Apgar Score , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
Hypercholestrolemia is a well known risk factor for coronary heart disease, however we report a very rare disorder of Lipid metabolism which is associated with coronary heart disease despite the fact that all the basic risk markers of dislipdemia like serum cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides are normal