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1.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 71(2): 74-77, Feb. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-663917

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of life (QoL) and potential QoL determinants in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). METHODS: Eighteen CIS patients and eighteen controls were submitted to QoL evaluation with Functional Assessment of Multiple Sclerosis QoL instrument (FAMS). Cognition was evaluated with specific battery tests; Anxiety and depression with Beck Anxiety (BAI) and Depression (BDI) Inventories and Neurological disability with Guy's Neurological Disability Scale (GNDS). RESULTS: There was a significant difference in QoL between CIS patients and controls. CIS patients had worse performance in Paced Auditory Serial Addition 2 seconds (p=0.009) and fluency tests (p=0.0038). There was a significant difference in BAI (p=0.003), but no significant difference in BDI between patients and controls. There were significant correlations between QoL measure and verbal fluency and Stroop's test. CONCLUSIONS: Cognition, but not anxiety, depression and disability, was associated with reduced quality of life.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar a qualidade de vida (QoL) e seus potenciais determinantes em pacientes com síndrome clinicamente isolada (SCI). MÉTODOS: Dezoito pacientes com SCI e 18 controles realizaram avaliação da QoL com Escala de Determinação da QoL na Esclerose Múltipla; cognição foi avaliada com bateria de testes específica; ansiedade e depressão com os Inventários de Beck de ansiedade (BAI) e de depressão (BDI) e a incapacidade neurológica com a Guy's Neurological Disability Scale. RESULTADOS: Houve diferença significativa na QoL avaliada entre pacientes com SCI e controles. Pacientes com SCI apresentaram pior desempenho no Pased Auditory Serial Addition 2 segundos (p=0,009) e na fluência verbal (p=0,0038). Houve diferença no BAI (p=0,003), entretanto sem diferença do BDI entre pacientes e controles. Houve correlações significativas entre QoL, fluência verbal e Stroop. CONCLUSÕES: Alterações cognitivas tiveram correlação com diminuição da QoL, o que não ocorreu com a depressão, ansiedade e incapacidade neurológica.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Cognition Disorders/psychology , Cognition/physiology , Demyelinating Diseases/psychology , Quality of Life/psychology , Anxiety/psychology , Case-Control Studies , Depression/psychology , Multiple Sclerosis/psychology , Neuropsychological Tests , Statistics, Nonparametric
2.
Dement. neuropsychol ; 6(4): 266-269, oct.-dec. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-670618

ABSTRACT

Cognitive abnormalities have been extensively studied in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). However, little is known aboutthe cognitive involvement in patients with Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS). Objective: This study aimed to investigatecognitive impairment in patients with CIS compared with healthy subjects. Methods: 18 CIS patients and 18 controlswere subjected to the Wechsler memory scale, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning, Rey Complex Figure, Paced Auditory SerialAddition, Digit Span, verbal fluency, Stroop color card test, D2, and Digit Symbol tests. Results: CIS patients had significantlyworse performance on the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) 2 seconds (P=0.009) and on verbal fluency tests(P=0.0038) than controls. Conclusion: CIS patients had worse cognitive performance than controls on neuropsychologicaltests evaluating executive functioning.


As alterações cognitivas na Esclerose Múltipla (EM) têm sido bastante estudadas. No entanto, ainda são poucosos estudos acerca do comprometimento cognitivo em pacientes com Síndrome Clinicamente Isolada (SCI). Objetivo:O objetivo deste estudo foi o de investigar funções cognitivas em pacientes com SCI em relação a um grupo controle.Métodos: Dezoito pacientes com SCI e 18 controles saudáveis foram submetidos à avaliação neuropsicológica, incluindoos seguintes testes: Escala Wechsler de Memória, ?Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test?, Figura Complexa de Rey, ?PacedAuditory Serial Addition (PASAT) 2 e 3 segundos, ?Digit Span?, fluência verbal, teste de Stroop, D2 e ?Digit Symbol Test?.Resultados: Pacientes com SCI tiveram desempenho significativamente inferior nos testes PASAT 2 segundos (P=0.009)e fluência verbal (P=0.0038) quando comparados ao grupo controle. Conclusão: Pacientes com síndrome clinicamenteisolada apresentaram pior desempenho cognitivo em testes relacionados a funções executivas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cognition , Neuropsychological Tests
3.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 69(6): 882-886, Dec. 2011. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-612625

ABSTRACT

Depression and anxiety have been reported in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). However, the precise mechanisms that lead to depressive and anxiety symptoms in these patients are still unclear. In this study we evaluated with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) patients with MS and CIS and compared them to controls. We also correlated BDI and BAI scores with clinical parameters. Kruskall-Wallis followed by Dunn's Multiple Comparison Test, Chi-square and Spearman test were used. Patients with MS had higher depressive and anxiety scores than controls. The BDI and BAI scores of patients with CIS were not significantly different from controls. There was a positive correlation between BDI, BAI and EDSS. Our results corroborate the view that MS patients have higher depression and anxiety levels than control subjects. Anxiety and depressive symptoms also seem to progress according to the severity of the disease.


A depressão e a ansiedade têm sido descritas em pacientes com esclerose múltipla (EM) e síndrome clinicamente isolada (CIS). Entretanto, os mecanismos precisos que determinam o surgimento de depressão e ansiedade ainda não estão elucidados. No presente estudo, foram utilizadas as escalas de Beck para depressão (BDI) e ansiedade (BAI) em pacientes com EM, CIS e controles. O grau de comprometimento funcional dos pacientes e o tempo de doença foram correlacionados com parâmetros clínicos. Foram utilizados os testes de Kruskall-Wallis seguido do teste de múltiplas comparações (Dunn's Test), qui-quadrado e o teste de Spearman. Pacientes com EM apresentam escores mais elevados de depressão e ansiedade do que controles. Houve correlação positiva entre os escores do BDI e do BAI com o grau de comprometimento funcional avaliado pela EDSS. Nossos resultados corroboram a visão de que pacientes com EM exibem mais ansiedade e depressão que controles. Sintomas ansiosos e depressivos parecem progredir com a gravidade da doença.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Anxiety/etiology , Depression/etiology , Multiple Sclerosis/psychology , Anxiety/psychology , Case-Control Studies , Depression/psychology , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Severity of Illness Index
4.
Dement. neuropsychol ; 4(2)jun. 2010.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-549797

ABSTRACT

The pattern of cognitive abnormalities in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been extensively studied and well characterized. However, little is known about the cognitive involvement in patients with the clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). Objectives: To perform a systematic review of the results of the studies on cognitive dysfunction in CIS patients. Methods: Cochrane, Lilacs, PubMed/Medline and SciELO databases were searched for studies involving patients with clinically isolated syndrome submitted to neuropsychological evaluation. Results: Seven studies fulfilled the selection criteria adopted in this review. The pattern of cognitive abnormalities in CIS resembles that found in patients with MS and is characterized by attention deficit, reduced information processing speed and impaired working memory and executive functions. The frequency of cognitive impairment in CIS seems to be lower than in MS. Conclusions: Cognition should be evaluated in patients with CIS. Future studies are required to evaluate the impact of cognitive abnormalities and to correlate them with axonal damage findings in patients with CIS.


As alterações cognitivas na esclerose múltipla (EM) são muito estudadas e bem caracterizadas. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre o envolvimento cognitivo em pacientes com síndrome clínica isolada (SCI). Objetivos: Revisar sistematicamente resultados obtidos em estudos sobre cognição em pacientes com SCI. Métodos: Revisamos as seguintes bases de dados: Cochrane, Lilacs, Pubmed/Medline e Scielo buscando artigos em que pacientes com SCI foram submetidos à avaliação neuropsicológica. Resultados: Sete estudos preencheram critérios adotados pelos autores desta revisão. O padrão do prejuízo cognitivo em SCI é semelhante ao encontrado na EM, caracterizado por déficit de atenção, redução da velocidade de processamento, comprometimento da memória de trabalho e de funções executivas. A freqüência de disfunção cognitiva é inferior na SCI do que na EM. Conclusões: Pacientes com CIS devem ser avaliados quanto à cognição. Estudos futuros são necessários para avaliar o impacto do prejuízo cognitivo e correlacioná-lo com achados de dano axonal em pacientes com SCI.


Subject(s)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity , Cognition , Memory, Short-Term , Mental Health , Multiple Sclerosis , Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care
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