Posttraumatic growth indicators in Brazilian and Pakistani samples / Indicadores de crecimiento postraumático en una muestra brasileña y pakistaní / Indicadores de crescimento pós-traumático em amostra brasileira e paquistanesa

We investigated indicators of posttraumatic growth (PTG) in victims of disasters. Six hypotheses were tested: the symptoms of re-experiencing and avoidance, typical of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), would be positive predictors of PTG (h1); the Pakistanis would have lower PTG rates when compared to Brazilians (h2); higher number of traumatic events (h3), bombings and terrorism (h4) and pathological personality traits (h5) would be negative predictors of PTG; and the religiosity factor would be a positive indicator of PTG (h6). Participants included 202 subjects, 64.9% male with age ranges between 18 and 66 years (M = 28.07; SD = 8.82). Instruments used included the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 and the Clinical Dimensional Personality Inventory-Screening. All hypotheses were partially corroborated. We discuss the implications of the transposition of Western evaluation methods and the posttraumatic perspective to Non-Western contexts.

Investigou-se indicadores de crescimento pós-traumático (CPT) em vítimas de desastres por meio de seis hipóteses: os sintomas de reexperimentação e evitação, típicos do transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TEPT), seriam preditores positivos de CPT (h1); os paquistaneses teriam menores taxas de CPT quando comparados a brasileiros (h2), maior número de eventos traumáticos (h3), bombardeios e terrorismo (h4) e traços patológicos de personalidade (h5) seriam preditores negativos de CPT e o fator religiosidade seria um indicador positivo do CPT (h6). Participaram do estudo 202 indivíduos, 64,9% homens com idades entre 18 e 66 anos (M = 28,07; DP = 8,82). Os instrumentos utilizados incluíram o Inventário de Crescimento Pós-Traumático, o PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 e o Inventário Dimensional Clínico da Personalidade-Versão Triagem. As hipóteses foram parcialmente corroboradas. Se discute a transposição de métodos de avaliação ocidentais e perspectiva pós-traumática para contextos orientais.

Se han investigado indicadores de crecimiento postraumático (CPT) en víctimas de desastres a través de seis hipótesis: los síntomas de re experimentación y evitación, típicos del trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT), serían predictores positivos de CPT (h1); los paquistaníes tendrían menores tasas de CPT cuando comparados a brasileños (h2), mayor número de eventos traumáticos (h3), bombardeos y terrorismo (h4) y rasgos patológicos de personalidad (h5) serían predictores negativos de CPT y el factor religiosidad sería un indicador positivo del CPT (h6). Participaron 202 individuos, 64,9% hombres con edades entre 18 y 66 años (M = 28,07, DP = 8,82). Los instrumentos utilizados incluyeron el Inventario de Crecimiento Post-traumático, la lista de verificación del PTSD para el Checklist for DSM-5 y el Inventario Dimensional Clínico de la Personalidad - Versión EvaluaciónTriage. Las hipótesis fueron parcialmente corroboradas. Se discute la transposición de métodos de evaluación occidentales y perspectiva post-traumática para contextos orientales.

Prescription Auditing of Patients Admitted at Psychiatry ward of a Tertiary Care Hospital of Western UP

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) proposed core-prescribing indicators for prescription audit and drug utilization studies. The focus of Indian studies has mainly been on the WHO core-prescribing indicators such as the range and number of drugs per prescription. Critical evaluation of prescriptions including rational auditing of prescriptions of patients admitted at Psychiatry Ward of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Hospital, A.M.U., Aligarh, from the period of 31/05/2013 to 30/05/2015. Materials and Methods: Permission for retrospective study to access medical records of the past 2 years of all patients admitted in the Psychiatry ward from 31/05/2013 to 30/05/2015 was obtained from the competent authority. Prescriptions of 44 patients (26 female, 18 male) were available in the Central Record Section during this period. The following parameters were taken to analyse and audit prescriptions as per WHO prescribing indicators: 1) Patient details, 2) Mention of diagnosis, legibility & spelling mistakes, 3) Details of the consultant, 4) Use of antibiotics/antipsychotics by various routes, 5) Provision of proper instructions to patients and 6) Additional parameters - Percentage of prescriptions with nutritional supplements and antacids. Results: Only 36% of prescriptions contained the full names of patients, while age, sex and address were present in 84.09% of the prescriptions. 100% prescriptions were found written with complete diagnosis and contained the signature of the concerned doctor. None of the prescription had the doctor’s contact number. A mean number of 3.18 drugs were written per prescription. All prescriptions were legible and 2.27% contained spelling mistakes. Insufficient instructions for both oral and injectable drugs were mentioned on all prescriptions. Conclusion: As per WHO laid guidelines, study related to drug use indicators are simple as a supervisory tool to assess prescribing patterns by individual doctors. These prescription studies provide scope to improvement in prescribing patterns and promotion of rational use of drug among practitioners.