ABSTRACT
High division of sciatic nerve into two components with an associated variation in the origin of superior and inferior gluteal nerves was observed in 70 yrs old male cadaver on right side. The components of sciatic nerve rejoined in the middle 2/3rd of thigh, and they redivided at the superior angle of popliteal fossa. It is a rare variation. Such variation is important for surgeons and nurses too.
ABSTRACT
The edentulous state represents a compromise in the integrity of the masticatory system . The common treatment option for rehabilitation of edentulous state is the conventional complete denture. Occlusal paths and Cuspal paths generated on the mechanical articulator often differ from those that are actually generated in the mouth . Functionally generated path technique is one such approach which aids in the automatic determination of the geometric harmonious relation between the functional occlusal path and condylar paths at chosen vertical dimension . This technique permits the registration of the cusp movements as determined by the functional mandibular movements and thus helps in development of harmonious occlusion. This article describes a case report in which a step by step approach was used to develop functionally generated occlusal path in fabricating a complete denture.
ABSTRACT
Background: Variations in origin, course and distribution of upper limb arteries are well documented and they have a great clinical significance. But the incidence of certain variations like presence of Superficial Brachioulnar Artery (SBUA) is less and its association with other vascular variations in hand are very few. Material: Human male cadaver of about 65 years age, received for student demonstration dissections provided the material for this study. Results & Observations: SBUA originated from brachial artery (BA) in the left upper limb of a human male cadaver. Other vascular variations noted were division of BA into radial artery (RA) and a common trunk (CT) for common interosseous and ulnar recurrent arteries (URA); and variant pattern in completion of Superficial Palmar arch (SPA). Conclusion: Arterial variations of upper limb have been reported to have clinical implications. A variant vessel like SBUA may be encountered during elevation of forearm flaps, or accidental injections of drugs into artery with mistaken identity for a vein, may land in severe complications. Added to these, knowledge of formation of palmar arterial arches and their branching pattern is important in reconstructive surgeries of hand.
ABSTRACT
Triclosan, a broad spectrum antibiotic is currently being evaluated for its anti-cancer property. Though several solvents are available to dissolve lipophilic (hydrophobic) drugs, solubility and toxicity aspects pose a challenge, when combined with the cell culture medium. In this paper, we present a simple approach based on physico-chemical and biologic criteria to choose a suitable solubilizing agent to study the anti-proliferative property of triclosan in breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Triclosan was dissolved in five different solvents viz. DMSO, absolute ethanol, 1 N NaOH, 55% polyethylene glycol + 45% ethanol mixture (PEM) and acetone and diluted with the culture medium (1 mg/ml). Although triclosan dissolved completely in all five solvents, on dilution with culture medium, turbidity was observed in DMSO, 1 N NaOH and ethanol. Cell viability was 95.23% in 10 ml of acetone, when compared with 49.45% at the same volume of PEM. This non-toxic nature of acetone was supported by DNA fragmentation analysis and phase contrast microscopy. A significant decrease in cancer cell proliferation at 100 mg/ml of acetone-solubilized triclosan, compared with 100 mg/ml of PEM-solubilized triclosan (p<0.05) indicated stronger anti-proliferative effect and greater drug-sensitivity of triclosan when solubilized in acetone. Results showed that acetone-solubilized triclosan was suitable for anti-cancer investigations in cultured MCF-7 cells.