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1.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 37: e20220203, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1534610

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has led to radical transformation in social, economic, and healthcare systems. This may lead to profound indirect consequences on clinical presentation and management of patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction. Objectives The objective of this study was to describe the characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation (STEMI), in two tertiary reference hospitals during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and compare them with patients admitted in the previous year. Methods We analyzed data from a multicenter STEMI registry from reference centers in the South Region of Brazil from March 2019 to May 2021. The beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak was considered to be March 2020 and compared to the same period in 2019. Only patients with STEMI submitted to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were included in the analysis. Mortality rates were compared with chi-square test. All hypothesis tests had a two-sided significance level of 5%. Results A total of 1169 patients admitted with STEMI were enrolled in our registry, 635 of whom were admitted during the pandemic period. The mean age of our sample was 61.6 (± 12.4) years, and 66.7% of patients were male. Pain-to-door time and door-to-balloon time were longer during the pandemic period. However, there was no difference in mortality rates or major adverse cardiovascular outcomes (MACE). Conclusions We observed a stable incidence of STEMI cases in our registry during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak with higher pain-to-door time and door-to-balloon time, without any influence on mortality rates however.

2.
J. Health NPEPS ; 8(1): e10661, jan - jun, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF, ColecionaSUS | ID: biblio-1509822

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: descrever a relação entre aspectos psicoemocionais negativos no desenvolvimento e controle da hipertensão arterial, e as contribuições do exercício físico para ambas as variáveis. Método: estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura, a qual pretendeu responder a seguinte questão: "Qual a relação entre fatores psicoemocionais negativos no desenvolvimento e progressão da hipertensão arterial e as contribuições do exercício físico frente a ambos?". O levantamento foi realizado por meio das bases de dados MEDLINE, LILACS e Scopus, e no portal PubMed, que buscou identificar estudos publicados nos anos de 2016 a 2022. Resultados: identificaram-se 509 títulos, dos quais dez foram selecionados para compor a amostra. Fatores como depressão, estresse psicológico, ansiedade, tristeza, raiva, tensão e preocupações excessivas apresentaram correlação positiva com o aumento do risco no desenvolvimento e descontrole da hipertensão. A prática regular de exercício físico continua sendo um importante aliado na prevenção e redução de sintomas psicoemocionais negativos, como no tratamento da hipertensão. Conclusão: observou-se relação positiva entre aspectos psicoemocionais negativos e o aumento na probabilidade de risco de desenvolvimento da hipertensão, e no comprometimento do controle da doença, sendo a prática de exercício físico um fator benéfico para ambas as variáveis.


Objective: to describe the relationship between negative psycho-emotional aspects in the development and control of arterial hypertension and the contributions of physical exercise to both variables. Method: integrative literature review study intended to answer the question: "What is the relationship between negative psycho-emotional factors in the development and progression of arterial hypertension and the contributions of physical exercise to both?". The survey was carried out through MEDLINE, LILACS, Scopus databases, and the PubMed portal, which sought to identify studies published in the years from 2016 to 2022. Results: 509 titles were identified, of which ten were selected to compose the sample. Factors such as depression, psychological stress, anxiety, sadness, anger, tension, and excessive worries showed a positive correlation with an increased risk of developing uncontrolled hypertension. The regular practice of physical exercise continues to be an essential ally in the prevention and reduction of negative psycho-emotional symptoms, such as in the treatment of hypertension. Conclusion: there was a positive relationship between negative psycho-emotional aspects and an increase in the risk of developing hypertension and compromising disease control, with physical exercise being a beneficial factor for both variables.


Subject(s)
Stress, Psychological , Exercise , Emotions , Hypertension
3.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 120(6): e20220673, 2023. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1439356

ABSTRACT

Resumo Fundamento Vários estudos têm mostrado que as mulheres não recebem tratamento adequado e apresentam piores desfechos após infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAMCSST). Por isso, é necessário investigar questões relacionadas ao gênero para melhor lidar com esse problema no Brasil. Objetivo Determinar se existe associação entre o sexo feminino e eventos adversos em uma coorte contemporânea de pacientes com IAMCSST submetidos à intervenção coronária percutânea primária (ICPp). Métodos Este foi um estudo prospectivo do tipo coorte de pacientes com IAMCSST submetidos à ICPp em um hospital universitário terciário entre março de 2011 e dezembro de 2021. Os pacientes foram categorizados em grupos de acordo com o sexo ao nascimento. O primeiro desfecho clínico foi ECAM em longo prazo. Os pacientes foram acompanhados por um período máximo de cinco anos. Um nível de significância bilateral de 0,05 foi aplicado em todos os testes de hipóteses. Resultados Entre os 1457 pacientes internados por IAMCSST no período do estudo, 1362 foram incluídos e 468 (34,4%) eram do sexo feminino. As mulheres apresentaram maior prevalência de hipertensão (73% vs. 60%, p<0,001), diabetes (32% vs. 25%, p=0,003) e classe Killip 3-4 na internação (17% vs. 12%, p=0,01); o escore de risco TIMI foi maior nas mulheres [4 (2, 6) vs. 3 (2, 5), p<0.001]. A mortalidade hospitalar não foi diferente entre os grupos (12,8% vs. 10,5%; p=0,20). Os ECAMs foram numericamente maiores nas mulheres que nos homens tanto durante a internação (16,0% vs. 12,6%, p=0,085) como em longo prazo (28,7% vs. 24,4%, p=0,089), com significância limítrofe. Após a análise multivariada, o sexo feminino não foi associado a ECAMs (HR = 1,14; IC95% 0,86 - 1,51; p = 0,36). Conclusão Em uma coorte prospectiva contemporânea de pacientes com IAMCSST submetidos à ICPp, pacientes do sexo feminino apresentaram idade mais avançada e mais comorbidades no basal que os pacientes do sexo masculino, mas não houve diferenças significativas entre os sexos quanto aos desfechos adversos no hospital ou em longo prazo.


Abstract Background Several studies have shown that women are usually undertreated and have worse outcomes after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), hence the need to investigate questions related to sex in Brazil to better deal with the problem. Objective To determine whether female sex is still associated with adverse events in a contemporary cohort of patients with STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). Methods This was a prospective cohort study of STEMI patients submitted to pPCI in a tertiary university hospital between March 2011 and December 2021. Patients were categorized into groups based on their sex at birth. The primary clinical outcome was long-term MACCE. Patients were followed-up for up to five years. All hypothesis tests had a two-sided significance level of 0.05. Results Among 1457 patients admitted with STEMI in the study period, 1362 were included and 468 (34.4%) were women. Female patients had a higher prevalence of hypertension (73% vs. 60%, p <0.001), diabetes (32% vs. 25%, p=0.003) and Killip class 3-4 at hospital admission (17% vs. 12%, p=0.01); TIMI risk score was higher among women (4 [2, 6] vs. 3 [2, 5], p<0.001). In-hospital mortality was not different between groups (12.8% vs. 10.5%, p=0.20). In-hospital MACCE (16.0% vs. 12.6%, p=0.085) and long-term MACCE (28.7% vs. 24.4%, p=0.089) were numerically higher in women, with borderline significance. After multivariate analysis, female sex was not associated with MACCE (HR = 1.14; 95% CI 0.86 - 1.51; p = 0.36). Conclusion In a prospective cohort of STEMI patients submitted to pPCI, female patients were older and had more comorbidities at baseline, but no significant differences were found in terms of long-term adverse outcomes.

4.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 120(6): e20220594, 2023. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1439363

ABSTRACT

Resumo Fundamento O padrão-ouro atual dos stents farmacológicos (SF) coronários consiste em ligas metálicas com hastes mais finas e polímeros bioabsorvíveis. Objetivos Nosso objetivo foi comparar um stent eluidor de sirolimus de hastes ultrafinas (Inspiron®) com outras plataformas de SF de terceira geração em pacientes com infarto do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAMCSST) submetidos à intervenção coronária percutânea (ICP) primária. Métodos Analisamos dados de um registro multicêntrico de IAMCSST de centros de referência da Região Sul do Brasil. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à ICP primária, seja com Inspiron® ou outro SF de segunda ou terceira geração. Foi calculado pareamento por escore de propensão (PEP) para gerar grupos semelhantes (Inspiron® versus outros stents) em relação às características clínicas e do procedimento. Todos os testes de hipótese tiveram um nível de significância bilateral de 0,05. Resultados De janeiro de 2017 a janeiro de 2021, 1.711 pacientes foram submetidos à ICP primária, e 1.417 pacientes preencheram nossos critérios de inclusão (709 pacientes no grupo Inspiron® e 708 pacientes no grupo dos outros SF de segunda ou terceira geração). Após PEP, a amostra do estudo foi composta por 706 pacientes (353 pacientes no grupo Inspiron® e 353 pacientes no grupo dos demais SF de segunda ou terceira geração). As taxas de revascularização do vaso alvo (odds ratio [OR] 0,52; intervalo de confiança [IC] 0,21 a 1,34; p = 0,173), trombose de stent (OR 1,00; IC 0,29 a 3,48;p = 1,000), mortalidade (hazard ratio 0,724; IC 0,41 a 1,27; p = 0,257) e os desfechos cardiovasculares maiores (OR 1,170; IC 0,77 a 1,77; p = 0,526) foram semelhantes entre os grupos após um acompanhamento mediano de 17 meses. Conclusão Nossos achados mostram que o stent Inspiron® foi eficaz e seguro quando comparado a outros SF de segunda ou terceira geração em uma coorte contemporânea do mundo real de pacientes com IAMCSST submetidos à ICP primária.


Abstract Background The current gold standard of coronary drug-eluting stents (DES) consists of metal alloys with thinner struts and bioresorbable polymers. Objectives Our aim was to compare an ultrathin strut, sirolimus-eluting stent (Inspiron®) with other third-generation DES platforms in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) submitted to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods We analyzed data from a STEMI multicenter registry from reference centers in the South Region of Brazil. All patients were submitted to primary PCI, either with Inspiron® or other second- or third-generation DES. Propensity score matching (PSM) was computed to generate similar groups (Inspiron® versus other stents) in relation to clinical and procedural characteristics. All hypothesis tests had a two-sided significance level of 0.05. Results From January 2017 to January 2021, 1711 patients underwent primary PCI, and 1417 patients met our entry criteria (709 patients in the Inspiron® group and 708 patients in the other second- or third-generation DES group). After PSM, the study sample was comprised of 706 patients (353 patients in the Inspiron® group and 353 patients in the other the other second- or third-generation DES group). The rates of target vessel revascularization (OR 0.52, CI 0.21 - 1.34, p = 0.173), stent thrombosis (OR 1.00, CI 0.29 - 3.48, p = 1.000), mortality (HR 0.724, CI 0.41 - 1.27, p = 0.257), and major cardiovascular outcomes (OR 1.170, CI 0.77 - 1.77, p = 0.526) were similar between groups after a median follow-up of 17 months. Conclusion Our findings show that Inspiron® was effective and safe when compared to other second- or third-generation DES in a contemporary cohort of real-world STEMI patients submitted to primary PCI.

5.
Memorandum ; 39: 1-24, 20220127.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1410554

ABSTRACT

Esta pesquisa investiga como a fundação do Ambulatório Rivadávia Corrêa, polo irradiador da educação higiênica nos subúrbios cariocas, foi noticiada por periódicos, jornais e revistas do período. A hipótese é que o ambulatório ratificou uma política de tratamento que extrapolava o saber psiquiátrico e fazia confluir discursos diversos, tais como republicanismo, trabalho, pobreza e raça. Na análise desse campo de diálogo espera-se compreender a participação do ideário psiquiátrico nas teorias eugênicas e inseri-lo em uma perspectiva mais ampla, adequada ao conjunto de instrumentos de regulação social que precisaram ser construídos (ou reconstruídos) após o fim da escravidão no Brasil. A pesquisa foi realizada sobre fontes primárias, que compõem o acervo da plataforma Hemeroteca Digital, da Biblioteca Nacional. Como instrumento de análise desse material se fez uso do conceito de Marcador Social, compreendido como o conjunto de diferenças socialmente construídas que se somam na produção das desigualdades ou hierarquias.


This research investigates how the foundation of Ambulatório Rivadávia Corrêa, a hub for hygienic education in the suburbs of Rio de Janeiro, was reported by journals, newspapers and magazines of the period. The hypothesis is that the clinic ratified a treatment policy that extrapolated psychiatric knowledge and brought together diverse discourses, such as republicanism, work, poverty and race. In the analysis of this field of dialogue, it is expected to understand the participation of psychiatric ideas in eugenic theories, and insert it in a broader perspective, adequate to the set of instruments of social regulation that had to be built (or rebuilt) after the end of slavery in Brazil. The research was carried out on primary sources, which make up the collection of the Hemeroteca Digital platform of the National Library. As a tool for analyzing this material, the concept of Social Marker was used, understood as the set of socially constructed differences that add up to the production of inequalities or hierarchies.


Subject(s)
Social Indicators , Eugenia
6.
Motriz (Online) ; 28: e102200014921, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1406024

ABSTRACT

Abstract Aim: To investigate the effects of caffeine (CAF) ingestion on anaerobic work capacity (AWC) and muscular endurance in the bench press exercise at predictive intensities equivalent to 20, 25, and 30% of 1RM. Methods: Thirteen males (age: 23 ± 3 years; body mass 83.5 ± 4.9 kg; height 172.8 ± 5.0 cm and 1RM 82 ± 24 kg) had their 1RM test evaluated in the bench press exercise and the time until failure was performed at intensities equivalent to 20%, 25%, and 30% of 1RM to CAF (350mg) or placebo (PLA, cellulose). AWC was measured from the linear equation: "Force = Critical Force + (AWC x 1/timeout)". Results: CAF enhanced the time until failure at 20% of 1RM (PLA = 202.6 ± 29.1s; CAF = 243.2 ± 20.6s), but there was no ergogenic effect at 25% (PLA = 188.8 ± 23.5 s; CAF = 195.6 ± 27.1 s), and 30% (PLA = 147.4 ± 15.8 s; CAF = 145.4 ± 14.8 s). AWC in CAF was lower than PLA (PLA = 6378.0 ± 1214.9 J; CAF = 3246.4 ± 1389.7 J; p = 0.03; Effect size = 0.88). Critical Force (N) was not different between treatments PLA 29.97 ± 11.54% of 1RM and CAF 3.74 ± 3.69% of 1 RM (p=0.47; Effect size= 0.28). Conclusion: Acute CAF intake (350mg) reduces the AWC and increases the time until failure at 20% of 1 RM, but not Critical Force and muscular endurance at 25% and 30% of 1 RM in the bench press.

7.
Estilos clín ; 27(2)2022.
Article in Portuguese | INDEXPSI, LILACS | ID: biblio-1436297

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho busca compreender, sob a perspectiva de Winnicott, a natureza da violência a partir do desenvolvimento emocional do sujeito. Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde (2002), a violência é um grave problema de saúde pública que pode ser prevenido. É fundamental um ambiente facilitador que promova cuidado, confiabilidade, segurança e suporte os impulsos agressivos da criança, assim como a implementação de políticas públicas a partir da criação de projetos que ofereçam um ambiente suficientemente bom para que os jovens possam ressignificar seus comportamentos violentos, tornando-os construtivos. Dessa forma, tanto os pais, quanto a sociedade e o Estado têm responsabilidade no que diz respeito ao tratamento e à prevenção da tendência antissocial para resgatar condições rumo a uma vida saudável


Este trabajo busca comprender la naturaleza de la violencia partiendo del desarrollo emocional del sujeto desde la perspectiva de Winnicott. Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (2002), la violencia es un grave problema de salud pública que se puede prevenir. Es fundamental la existencia de un ambiente facilitador que propicie cuidado, confianza, seguridad y que dé soporte a los impulsos agresivos de los niños, así como la implementación de políticas públicas con proyectos que ofrezcan un ambiente suficientemente bueno para que los jóvenes puedan resignificar sus comportamientos violentos volviéndolos constructivos. De esa forma, tanto los padres como la sociedad y el Estado tienen responsabilidades en lo que se refiere al tratamiento y a la prevención de la tendencia antisocial, para rescatar condiciones para una vida saludable


This study aims to understand the nature of violence from the subject's emotional development according to the perspective of Winnicot. According to the World Health Organization(2002), the violence is a serious problem of health care that can do prevented. It is extremely important, an environment that facilitates, that promotes care, reliability, security and support the children's aggressive impulsive, thus, through the implementation of public policies, based on the creation of projects that offer a good enough environment so that young people can resignifytheir behavior violent, making them constructive. As soon, not only parents, but society and the State have responsibility in the treatment and antisocial prevention, with the purpose of rescuing conditions towards a healthy life


Le travail cherche à comprendre la nature de la violence à partir du développement émotionnel théoriquement proprosé par Winnicott. Selon l'Organisation mondiale de la santé (2002), la violence est un grave problème de santé publique qui peut être évité. Un environnement facilitant, qui favorise la prise en charge, la fiabilité, la sécurité et soutient aux pulsions agressives de l'enfant, ainsi que l'implémentation des politiques publiques, basées sur la création de projets qui offrent un environnement suffisamment bon pour que les jeunes puissent resignifier leurs comportements violents, les rendant constructives, peuvent être des moyens efficaces et fondamentaux pour faire face à la violence. De cette manière, les parents, la société et l'État sont tous responsables du traitement et de la prévention de la tendance antisociale, pour prevenir e favorizer des conditions vers une vie saine


Subject(s)
Violence/psychology , Child Development , Aggression/psychology , Psychoanalysis , Public Policy , Antisocial Personality Disorder/prevention & control
9.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd ; 19(1): 37-41, março 2021. tab., graf.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1361703

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar os valores da amplitude de distribuição das hemácias em pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST submetidos à intervenção coronária percutânea primária e avaliar sua associação com resultados adversos. Métodos: Os níveis de amplitude de distribuição das hemácias foram medidos em pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST antes da intervenção coronária percutânea primária e divididos conforme valor das amplitudes de distribuição das hemácias. Após a alta hospitalar, os pacientes foram acompanhados por até 3 anos para a ocorrência de eventos cardiovasculares adversos maiores e mortalidade a longo prazo. Resultados: Foram incluídos 893 pacientes com idade média de 60,7 (±12,5) anos, e 66,3% eram do sexo masculino. Na análise multivariada, a hemácia permaneceu como preditor independente de mortalidade a longo prazo. A área sob a curva para mortalidade a longo prazo foi de 0,64 (IC95% 0,61-0,67; p<0,0001). Amplitudes de distribuição das hemácias <13,3 tiveram valor preditivo negativo de 87,1% para mortalidade por todas as causas. Conclusão: Um valor elevado de amplitude de distribuição das hemácias é um preditor independente de mortalidade a longo prazo e eventos cardiovasculares adversos maiores em pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST submetidos à intervenção coronária percutânea primária. Amplitudes de distribuição das hemácias baixas têm baixo tem um excelente valor preditivo negativo para mortalidade a longo prazo. (AU)


Objective: To determine red cell distribution width values in ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention and to evaluate its association with adverse outcomes. Methods: Red cell distribution width levels were measured in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients before primary percutaneous coronary intervention and divided into low and high red cell distribution width. After discharge, patients were followed for up to 3 years for the occurrence of long-term major adverse cardiovascular events and mortality. Results: A total of 893 patientes were with a mean age of 60.7 (±12.5) years, 66.3% were male. In multivariate analysis, the red cell distribution width remained as an independent predictor of long-term mortality. The area under the curve for long-term mortality was 0.64 (95%CI0.61-0.67; p<0.0001). Red cell distribution width<13.3 had a negative predictive value of 87.1% for all-cause mortality. Conclusion: High number of red cell distribution width is an independent predictor of long-term mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. A low number of red cell distribution width has an excellent negative predictive value for long-term mortality. Patients with sustained elevated levels of red cell distribution width have worse outcomes at long-term follow-up. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Erythrocyte Indices , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention , Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction/blood , Prognosis , Time Factors , Biomarkers , Survival Analysis , Multivariate Analysis , Predictive Value of Tests , Regression Analysis , Cohort Studies , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/mortality , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/surgery , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/mortality , Heart Disease Risk Factors
10.
Motriz (Online) ; 27: e1021018120, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1287346

ABSTRACT

Abstract Aim: This study aimed to compare the heart rate (HR) values and technical actions frequencies during small-sided (SSG) and generic (GG) games in women futsal players. Methods: Six futsal players (age: 20.5 ± 7.4 years, height: 163.3 ± 16 cm, body mass: 57.9 ± 22 kg, maximum rate of oxygen consumption (VO2max): 42.0 ± 9 mL.kg.min−1) performed two experimental conditions in two days separated for at least 72h of interval: (1) one set of 10 min of SSG, 3x3 players; and (2) one set of 10 min of GG, 4 (1 joker) x 4 (1 joker) players. During each experimental session, the subject's HR values were monitored every 1 min of play. Pass, shot, dribbling, driving, and disarmament were recorded during the games. Results: There was no difference between SSG and GG for HR average (p = 0.50). The HR values that were recorded at the first minute of GG were higher than SSG (p = 0.02). The HRmax in SSG and GG were equivalent to 91.9% and 90.8% of HRmax of the incremental test, respectively. Total technical actions were higher in SSG (+ 18.4%, p = 0.001) than GG. Pass was higher in the SSG (+16%; p = 0.01) in comparison to GG. Conclusion: Both models were higher than HRmax equivalent to AT velocity. The technical actions of the SSG were higher than GG, suggesting that the SSG model is a suitable technical and physiological stimulus for the development of female futsal players.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Soccer/physiology , Athletic Performance/physiology , Athletes , Research Design , Data Interpretation, Statistical
11.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 24: e210047, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1347232

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: Objective: To analyze the underdiagnosis of COVID-19 through nowcasting with machine learning in a Southern Brazilian capital city. Methods: Observational ecological design and data from 3916 notified cases of COVID-19 from April 14th to June 2nd, 2020 in Florianópolis, Brazil. A machine-learning algorithm was used to classify cases that had no diagnosis, producing the nowcast. To analyze the underdiagnosis, the difference between data without nowcasting and the median of the nowcasted projections for the entire period and for the six days from the date of onset of symptoms were compared. Results: The number of new cases throughout the entire period without nowcasting was 389. With nowcasting, it was 694 (95%CI 496-897). During the six-day period, the number without nowcasting was 19 and 104 (95%CI 60-142) with nowcasting. The underdiagnosis was 37.29% in the entire period and 81.73% in the six-day period. The underdiagnosis was more critical in the six days from the date of onset of symptoms to diagnosis before the data collection than in the entire period. Conclusion: The use of nowcasting with machine learning techniques can help to estimate the number of new disease cases.


RESUMO: Objetivo: Analisar o subdiagnóstico da COVID-19 por meio de nowcasting com machine learning em uma capital do sul do Brasil. Métodos: Estudo ecológico observacional utilizando dados de 3.916 casos notificados de COVID-19 de 14 de abril a 2 de junho de 2020 em Florianópolis, Brasil. O algoritmo de machine learning foi usado para classificar os casos que ainda não tinham diagnóstico, produzindo o nowcasting. Para analisar o subdiagnóstico, foi comparada a diferença entre os dados sem nowcasting e a mediana das projeções com nowcasting para todo o período e para os seis dias a partir da data de início dos sintomas. Resultados: O número de novos casos sem nowcasting durante todo o período foi de 389, com nowcasting foi de 694 (IC95% 496-897). No período de seis dias, o número sem nowcasting foi de 19 e 104 (IC95% 60-142) com nowcasting. O subdiagnóstico foi de 37,29% em todo o período e 81,73% no período de seis dias. O subdiagnóstico foi mais crítico em seis dias, desde a data do início dos sintomas até o diagnóstico antes da coleta de dados, do que em todo o período. Conclusão: O uso de nowcasting com técnicas de machine learning pode ajudar a estimar o número de novos casos da doença.


Subject(s)
Humans , COVID-19 , Brazil/epidemiology , Cities , Machine Learning , SARS-CoV-2
12.
Dent. press endod ; 10(3): 63-69, Sept-Dec.2020. Ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1347990

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A insuficiência renal aguda (IRA) ocorre em cerca de 5% das hospitalizações e até 30% das internações em UTI, possuindo taxas de mortalidade entre 15% e 60%. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar diferentes protocolos de indução da IRA em modelo animal, buscando a padronização do modelo para o estudo da relação bidirecional com a periodontite apical (PA). Métodos: Foram utilizados vinte e quatro ratos divididos em três grupos (n=8): G1) administração de gentamicina na dosagem de 80mg/Kg/dia durante cinco dias; G2) administração de gentamicina na dosagem de 100mg/kg/dia durante oito dias; e G3) administração de gentamicina na dosagem de 100mg/kg/dia durante dez dias. A PA foi induzida em todos os grupos por meio da exposição pulpar dos primeiros e segundos molares superiores e inferiores do lado direito. Após trinta dias da exposição pulpar, os animais foram eutanasiados; os rins, coletados para análise histológica em HE; e as maxilas e mandíbulas, removidas para análise radiográfica. Resultados: A presença da PA foi confirmada em todos os espécimes pelo exame radiográfico. O grupo G3 apresentou índice de mortalidade de 75%, enquanto G1 e G2 não apresentaram mortalidade. Histologicamente, o tecido renal do grupo G2 apresentou alterações teciduais, como dilatação e necrose tubular mais severa, quando comparado ao grupo G1 (p<0,05). Conclusão: Diante do alto índice de mortalidade observado em G3 e dos achados histológicos observados em G1 e G2, o protocolo indicado para o estudo da relação bidirecional com a periodontite apical é o de 100mg/kg/dia durante oito dias (AU).


Introduction: Acute Renal Failure (ARF) occurs in about 5% of hospitalizations and up to 30% of ICU admissions, with mortality rates between 15% and 60%. The objective of this study was to analyze different protocols for the induction of IRA in an animal model, seeking the standardization of the model for the study of bidirectional relationship with apical periodontitis (AP). Methods: Twenty-four rats were divided into three groups (n = 8): G1 - Administration of Gentamicin at a dose of 80mg/ kg/day for 5 days; G2 - Administration of Gentamicin at the dose of 100mg/kg/day for 8 days; G3 - Administration of Gentamicin at the dosage of 100mg/kg/day for 10 days. The AP was induced in all groups by means of pulp exposure of the first and second upper and lower molars from the right side. After 30 days, the animals were euthanized, the kidneys collected for histological analysis, and the jaws removed for radiographic analysis. Results: The presence of AP was confirmed in all specimens by radiographic examination. The G3 group had a mortality rate of 75% while G1 and G2 had no mortality. Histologically, the renal tissue of the G2 protocol presented tissue changes such as dilation and more severe tubular necrosis when compared to the G1 protocol (p <0.05). Conclusion: In view of the high mortality rate observed in G3 and the histological findings observed in G1 and G2, the indicated protocol is 100mg/kg/day for 8 days to study the bidirectional relationship with apical periodontitis (AU).


Subject(s)
Periapical Periodontitis , Reference Standards , Renal Insufficiency , Kidney/injuries , Gentamicins , Dosage
14.
Dent. press endod ; 10(2): 34-41, maio-ago.2020. Tab, Ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1344542

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar a influência de diferentes plugs de proteção, acomodados sobre o remanescente da obturação após preparo para pino, na retenção de pinos metálicos fundidos. Métodos: Cinquenta dentes bovinos foram decoronados, manualmente instrumentados até a lima manual Kerr #80 e obturados. A desobturação parcial de 10mm do conduto foi realizada com uma broca Largo e os grupos foram divididos de acordo com os diferentes materiais utilizados como plugs (n=10): Grupo I (Controle, sem plug); Grupo II (plug de Coltosol®); Grupo III (plug, em consistência de massa, de Sealapex® + óxido de zinco); Grupo IV (plug de etil-cianoacrilato); e Grupo V (plug de fosfato de zinco). Uma camada de 1mm de espessura dos diferentes plugs (Grupos II, III, IV ou V) foi acomodada sobre a obturação remanescente. Os espécimes foram selados e armazenados em 100% de umidade, por 7 dias. Após moldagem do conduto, foram confeccionados pinos metálicos fundidos e cimentados com fosfato de zinco. Os espécimes permaneceram em câmara úmida por 45 dias antes do teste de tração, realizado em uma máquina universal de ensaios. Os valores foram expressos em Mega pascal (MPa) e submetidos aos testes ANOVA e Tukey (p<0,05). Resultados: O etilcianoacrilato diminuiu a retenção dos pinos metálicos fundidos (p<0,01). Não houve diferença entre os outros grupos (p>0,05), semelhante- mente ao controle. Conclusão: A proteção da obturação com plugs confeccionados com etil-cianoacrilato prejudica a retenção de pinos metálicos fundidos cimentados com fosfato de zinco, enquanto Sealapex® acrescido de óxido de zinco, fosfato de zinco endurecido ou Coltosol® não interferem na adesividade (AU).


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Cementation , Dental Pulp Cavity , Endodontics , Traction , Zinc Oxide , In Vitro Techniques , Adhesiveness
15.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 32(2): 125-133, mar.-abr. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-988177

ABSTRACT

Background: Although new studies and guidelines can be considered useful tools, it does not necessarily mean they are put into clinical practice. Objective: The aim of the current analysis was to assess the changes in primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and mortality in a tertiary university hospital in southern Brazil during a six-year period .Methods: We have included consecutive patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who underwent primary PCI between March 2011 and February 2017. Previous clinical history, characteristics of the procedure, and reperfusion strategies were collected. In-hospital, short and long-term mortalities were also evaluated. The significance level adopted for all tests was 5%. Results: There was an increase in the use of radial access in patients from 20.0% in 2011 to 62.7% in 2016 (ptrend < 0.0001). Moreover, thrombus aspiration decreased significantly from 66.7% in 2011 to less than 3.0% in 2016 (ptrend < 0.0001). In-hospital, short and long-term mortalities remained reasonably stable from 2011 to 2016 (ptrend > 0.05). However, a lower in-hospital mortality was observed in patients treated through radial access (p < 0.001). Cardiogenic shock occurred in 11.1%, without statistical differences in the period (ptrend = 0.39), while long-term mortality rate decreased from 80.0% in 2011 to 27.3% in 2016 in this patient group (ptrend = 0.29). Conclusions: During a 6-year follow-up period, primary PCI characteristics underwent important modifications. Radial access became widely used, with a decrease in mortality with the use of this route, while aspiration thrombectomy became a rare procedure. The incidence of cardiogenic shock remained stable, but has shown a reduction in its mortality


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Tertiary Healthcare , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods , Myocardial Infarction/mortality , Shock, Cardiogenic , Coronary Artery Disease/mortality , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Treatment Outcome , Stroke , Diabetes Mellitus , Hypertension
16.
Rev. Nutr. (Online) ; 32: e180056, 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041320

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of carbohydrate ingestion prior to exercise on the number of bench press repetitions. Methods Eight male physically active (21.3±2.7 years, 176±5cm, 73.12±6.12kg), with a minimum experience of at least one year exercising regularly, visited the laboratory at three moments. During the first visit, candidates went through their anthropometric evaluation and the application of their maximum number of bench press repetitions. The experimental tests were performed during their second and third visits in a crossover and blind study. The participants performed the maximum number of repetitions with an intensity of 70% of their maximum repetition strength. One hour before the experimental trials, participants randomly ingested a solution containing either carbohydrate or a placebo. Results The ingestion of carbohydrate increases muscle resistance in relation to placebo (p=0.014; effect size=0.71). This is evidenced by the increase in the number of repetitions (12.9±2.4 and 11.3±1.9, respectively). The individual's perception of effort is higher in the carbohydrate group than in the placebo group after exhaustion (4±0.93 and 3.1±0.64, respectively, p=0.006, effect size=0.89). Conclusion It is concluded that a previous intake of carbohydrate is useful in improving performance in resistance exercises, providing an increase in the individual's perception of effort.


RESUMO Objetivo O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar os efeitos da ingestão prévia de carboidrato no número de repetições durante o exercício supino reto em indivíduos praticantes de musculação. Métodos Oito participantes fisicamente ativos do sexo masculino (21,3±2,7 anos, 176±5cm, 73,12±6,12kg) com experiência mínima de um ano em treinamento de força visitaram o laboratório em três momentos. Durante a primeira visita foi realizada uma avaliação antropométrica e aplicação do teste de uma repetição máxima no exercício supino reto. Os testes experimentais foram realizados nas visitas dois e três em um modelo cross over e cego onde os participantes executaram o número máximo de repetições com uma intensidade de 70% de uma repetição máxima. Uma hora antes dos testes experimentais, de forma randômica, os participantes ingeriram uma solução contendo carboidrato ou placebo. Resultados A ingestão de carboidrato foi capaz de aumentar a resistência muscular em relação ao placebo (p=0.014; effect size=0.71), fato evidenciado pelo aumento no número de repetições (12,9±2,4 e 11,3±1,9, respectivamente). A percepção subjetiva de esforço foi maior no grupo carboidrato em relação ao grupo placebo após a exaustão (4±0,93 e 3,1±0,64, respectivamente p=0.006, effect size=0.89). Conclusão Concluímos que a ingestão prévia de carboidrato é útil em melhorar o desempenho em exercícios de resistência com aumento associado da percepção subjetiva de esforço.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Energy Intake , Dietary Supplements , Muscle Strength , Resistance Training , Physical Functional Performance
17.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 33: e017, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-989481

ABSTRACT

Abstract In endodontic treatment, regardless of the instrumentation technique, the presence of a smear layer covering contaminated dentin walls is always a concern. Thus, irrigation plays an essential role in reducing bacterial load. To enhance irrigation effectiveness, different ultrasonic activation methods and the use of different tips have been studied. This study assessed the cleaning capacity of the novel NiTi ultrasonic tip for smear layer removal using ultrasonically activated irrigation (UAI) with passive or continuous ultrasonic irrigation (PUI or CUI, respectively), compared with conventional irrigation. Forty-five single-rooted human mandibular premolars were decoronated to a standardized length of 16 mm. Instrumentation was performed using the Genius system up to size 50.04 and irrigated with 3% NaOCl. The specimens were divided into three groups (n = 15) according to the final irrigation activation technique: conventional irrigation (CI), as control group; PUI; and CUI, following the manufacturer's protocol. The samples were longitudinally cleaved and analyzed under a scanning electron microscope for smear layer removal according to a cleanliness score for the cervical, middle, and apical thirds. Data were evaluated by means of the Kruskal-Wallis and Tukey's tests, with a 5% level of significance. UAI enhanced cleaning compared to conventional irrigation, mainly at the apical third. CUI showed the best results, with statistically significant lower scores than PUI and CI (p < 0.05). Final irrigant activation with the NiTi tip showed better cleaning capacity than conventional irrigation. In addition, CUI resulted in better smear layer removal than PUI.


Subject(s)
Humans , Root Canal Irrigants/therapeutic use , Therapeutics/methods , Titanium , Dental Prophylaxis/methods , Dental Pulp Cavity , Nickel , Therapeutic Irrigation/instrumentation , Therapeutic Irrigation/methods
18.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 33: e028, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1001600

ABSTRACT

Abstract: This study aimed to assess the cyclic fatigue resistance of Genius and EdgeFile X1 reciprocating instruments compared with WaveOne Gold Primary. Twenty Genius (Ultradent) 25.04, 20 Genius 30.04, 20 EdgeFile X1 (EdgeEndo) and 20 WaveOne Gold Primary (Dentsply Maillefer) instruments were included in this study and tested in a static cyclic fatigue testing device, which has an artificial stainless steel canal with a 60° angle of curvature and a 5-mm radius of curvature. All instruments were operated in reciprocation mode until fracture occurred. The number of cycles to failure (NCF) was calculated and time to fracture (TF) was recorded in seconds using a digital chronometer. The mean and standard deviations of NCF and TF were calculated for each reciprocating system and the data were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance and to Dunn's test (p < .05) using SigmaPlot software (Systat software, CA, USA). The fractured surfaces of five instruments from each brand were randomly examined and microphotographed by a low-vacuum environmental scanning electron microscopy - SEM (Tabletop Microscope TM3030, Hitachi, Japan) to confirm the cyclic fatigue fracture. EdgeFile exhibited the highest cyclic fatigue resistance, followed by both Genius files (p < .05). Within the limitations of this in vitro study, EdgeFile X1 instruments had significantly higher cyclic fatigue resistance than did Genius and WaveOne Gold Primary instruments. The cyclic fatigue resistance of both Genius files was higher than that of WaveOne Gold Primary.


Subject(s)
Titanium/chemistry , Root Canal Preparation/instrumentation , Dental Instruments/standards , Nickel/chemistry , Reference Values , Stress, Mechanical , Surface Properties , Time Factors , Materials Testing , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Statistics, Nonparametric , Equipment Failure Analysis , Equipment Design
19.
Nat. Hum. (Online) ; 20(1): 69-82, jan.-jun. 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1430908

ABSTRACT

Este ensaio tem o objetivo de refletir sobre a abordagem que o filósofo Karl Popper faz sobre a questão da mente. Popper foi um dos filósofos mais importantes do século XX. Sua obra trata de diversos assuntos que vão da ciência, lógica, política, metafísica e da questão da mente. Além de criticar severamente e rejeitar a indução na ciência, Popper tem um critério de demarcação inovador para classificar a ciência da não ciência. Este critério batizado de falseabilidade veio como uma substituição ao critério de verificação. Este critério defende que uma teoria científica é sempre provisória e nunca definitiva. Uma teoria científica é sempre uma conjectura que pode a qualquer momento ser refutada. Com base neste critério, Popper faz uma crítica ao status epistemológico do marxismo a psicanálise. Para ele, estas duas áreas do conhecimento não passam no seu critério de falseabilidade. O marxismo porque teve algumas proposições de sua teoria refutadas e não foi entendida por seus adeptos como uma refutação do marxismo. Estes, para Popper, estavam agindo como dogmáticos. Já a psicanálise, para Popper, colocava suas proposições de tal forma que não poderia ser refutada. Para ele, havia a necessidade de que os teóricos da psicanálise reformulassem a estrutura desta para que suas proposições estivessem abertas à refutação. Para ele, o marxismo deixou de ser ciência quando não aceitou a refutação e a psicanálise, ainda, não é ciência até apresentar suas proposições, de tal forma, que possam ser refutadas. Popper também trabalha a questão da mente quando elabora a teoria dos três mundos. Este seu trabalho está expresso principalmente no livro O Eu e o seu cérebro, escrito em parceria com o ganhador do prêmio Nobel de Medicina, o neurofisiologista John Eccles. Popper ainda trata do deste mesmo assunto em capítulos de suas outras obras e em outros artigos. Esta comunicação discute o tratamento de Karl Popper em relação à questão da mente.


This essay aims to reflect on the philosopher Karl Popper's approach to the question of mind. Popper was one of the most important philosophers of the twentieth century. His work deals with various subjects ranging from science, logic, politics, metaphysics and the question of mind. In addition to severely criticizing and rejecting induction in science, Popper has an innovative demarcation criterion for classifying the science of non-science. This criterion of falsifiability came as a replacement for the verification criterion. This criterion argues that a scientific theory is always provisional and never definitive. A scientific theory is always a conjecture that can at any moment be refuted. Based on this criterion, Popper criticizes the epistemological status of Marxism and psychoanalysis. For him these two areas of knowledge do not pass in their criterion of falsifiability. Marxism because it had some propositions of its theory refuted and was not understood by its adherents like a refutation of Marxism. These, for Popper, were acting as dogmatic. Psychoanalysis, for Popper, put its propositions in such a way that it could not be refuted. For him there was a need for the theorists of psychoanalysis to reformulate its structure so that its propositions were open to refutation. For him Marxism ceased to be science, when it did not accept refutation and psychoanalysis, yet, it is not science until it presents its propositions, in such a way, that they can be refuted. Popper, too, works the question of mind when elaborating the theory of the three worlds. This work is expressed mainly in the book written in partnership with the winner of the Nobel Prize in medicine, neurophysiologist John Eccles. This book is entitled The Self and its Brain. Popper still deals with the same subject in chapters of his other works and in other articles. This paper discusses the treatment of Karl Popper in relation to the question of the mind.

20.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 31(1): f:26-l:32, jan.-mar. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-883664

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: Diferentes escores baseados em variáveis anatômicas e/ou clínicas têm sido desenvolvidos para estratificação de risco em pacientes submetidos à intervenção coronariana percutânea (ICP). Estudos comparando a capacidade desses modelos na predição de eventos cardíacos e cerebrovasculares adversos maiores (ECCAM) em pacientes submetidos à ICP primária são escassos. Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo foi o de comparar os escores SYNTAX (SS), Clinical SYNTAX (CSS), ACEF e ACEF modificado (ACEF Mod ) na predição de ECCAM em pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdico com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAMCSST) submetidos à ICP primária. Métodos: Foram analisados 311 pacientes consecutivos com IAMCSST submetidos a ICP primária entre abril/2011 e dezembro/2015. As áreas sob a curva característica de operação do receptor (ROC) foram calculadas para avaliar a habilidade desses escores em predizer ECCAM. O nível de significância adotado em todos os testes foi de 5%. Resultados: Os pacientes apresentaram idade média de 60,2 ± 12,0 anos, 35,4% eram do sexo feminino e 22,5% eram diabéticos. A ocorrência de ECCAM foi observada em 23,8% dos participantes. A área sob a curva ROC foi 0,586 (p = 0,028) para ACEF, 0,616 (p = 0,003) para SS, 0,623 (p = 0,002) para ACEF Mod e 0,658 (p < 0,001) para CSS. Na análise multivariada, apenas SS (p = 0,011) e CSS (p = 0,002) foram preditores independentes de ECCAM. Conclusões: SS e CSS elevados foram preditores independentes de ECCAM. Em nossa coorte de pacientes com IAMCSST submetidos à ICP primária, o SS calculado à cineangiocoronariografia inicial mostrou-se uma ferramenta útil para predizer ECCAM


Background: Different scores based on anatomical and/or clinical features have been developed for risk stratification of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Studies comparing the ability of these different models in predicting major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) in patients submitted to primary PCI are limited. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the ability of the scores SYNTAX (SS), Clinical SYNTAX (CSS), age, creatinine and ACEF, and modified ACEF (ACEF Mod ) to predict MACCE in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) submitted to primary PCI. Methods: We analyzed 311 consecutive patients with STEMI submitted to primary PCI between April/2011 and December/2015. The area under the ROC curve was calculated to evaluate the ability of these scores in predicting MACCE. P-values were considered significant at < 0.05. Results: Mean age of the patients was 60.2 ± 12.0 years, 35.4% were females, and 22.5% had diabetes. MACCE occurred in 23.8% of the patients. The area under the ROC curve was 0.586 (p = 0.028) for ACEF, 0.616 (p = 0.003) for SS, 0.623 (p = 0.002) for ACEF Mod , and 0.658 (p < 0.001) for CSS. In multivariate analysis, only high SS (p = 0.011) and CSS (p = 0.002) were independent predictors of MACCE. Conclusions: High SS and CSS were independent predictors of MACCE. In our cohort of STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI, pure anatomical SS calculated at the baseline coronary angiography was a useful tool to predict MACCE


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods , Probability , Risk Factors , Aspirin/administration & dosage , Cohort Studies , Coronary Artery Disease/complications , Coronary Vessels , Heparin/administration & dosage , Multivariate Analysis , Myocardial Infarction , Predictive Value of Tests , ROC Curve , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Stroke/complications
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