ABSTRACT
Abstract Ectoparasites of 18 free-living Cuban Ground Doves, Columbina passerina insularis (Columbiformes: Columbidae), captured in the National Zoological Park, Havana, Cuba, were identified. The collected ectoparasites included two species of lice (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera): Columbicola passerinae (77.1%), and Physconelloides eurysema (50%), as well as four species of feather mites (Astigmata: Falculiferidae): Pterophagus lomatus (83.3%), Byersalges talpacoti (50%), Byersalges phyllophorus (72.2%), and Hyperaspidacarus tridentatus (27.7%). Pterophagus lomatus, B. phyllophorus, and H. tridentatus represent new records for Cuba.
Resumo Foram identificados os ectoparasitas de 18 rolinhas-cinzentas de vida livre, Columbina passerina insularis (Columbiformes: Columbidae), capturadas no Parque Zoológico Nacional de Havana, Cuba. Os ectoparasitas coletados pertencem à duas espécies de piolhos (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera): Columbicola passerinae (77,1%) e Physconelloides eurysema (50%), bem como à quatro espé cies de ácaros de pena (Astigmata: Falculiferidae): Pterophagus lomatus (83,3%), Byersalges talpacoti (50%), Byersalges phyllophorus (72,2%) e Hyperaspidacarus tridentatus (27,7%). Pterophagus lomatus, B. phyllophorus e H. tridentatus representam novos registros para Cuba.
Subject(s)
Animals , Bird Diseases/epidemiology , Phthiraptera , Columbidae , Cuba , ColumbiformesABSTRACT
Objetivo. Detectar la presencia de anticuerpos séricos sanguíneos contra los virus de la Enfermedad de Newcastle (ENC) e Influenza aviar (IA), para comprender la contribución de las aves silvestres en la transmisión de estos virus en Chile. Materiales y métodos. Se analizaron 63 aves pertenecientes a los órdenes Falconiformes y Strigiformes desde centros de rehabilitación de aves de las zonas central y sur de Chile. Se realizaron las pruebas de inhibición de la hemoaglutinación (IHA) para detectar anticuerpos contra el virus ENC e inmunodifusión en gel agar (IDGA) y ELISA para IA. Resultados. Se detectaron 14 aves positivas (22.2%) para anticuerpos séricos contra el virus de la ENC. En cambio, no se registraron anticuerpos séricos sanguíneos para el virus de la IA. Conclusiones. La presencia de aves rapaces positivas en los centros de rescate a los anticuerpos séricos contra el virus de la ENC puede ser explicada por el consumo de carne de pollos que han sido vacunados contra ENC o consumo de aves que han adquirido directamente el virus vacunal a través de los distintos procedimientos de administración (aerosoles, bebederos) de la vacuna o por el ingreso a los centros de rescate de aves rapaces migratorias, las que podrían facilitar la diseminación de la infección desde los países de origen, hecho que debe ser investigado.
Objective. To detect the presence of blood serum antibodies against Newcastle disease (ND) and Avian influenza (AI) viruses, to understand the contribution of wild birds in transmission of these viruses in Chile. Materials and methods. Sixty-three birds belonging to orders Falconiformes and Strigiformes were analyzed from bird rehabilitation centers in central and south-central Chile. Hemagglutination inhibition (HIA) was used to detect antibodies against the ND virus and further AI virus typing was done by agar gel immune-diffusion (AGID) and ELISA. Results. 14 birds we found (22.2%) with serum antibodies against ND virus; however, there were no blood serum antibodies to AI virus. Conclusions. Birds of prey from rescue centers have been detected positive for serum antibodies against ND virus. Birds of prey could have become positive via direct consumption of chickens vaccinated against ND or from chickens indirectly exposed to the vaccine through different administrative procedures (aerosols, water troughs) or after the admission of migratory birds to rescue centers, which could facilitate the spread of ND from their countries of origin, and should be investigated.
Subject(s)
Newcastle Disease , Chile , Influenza in Birds , Raptors , Virus DiseasesABSTRACT
In order to describe the developmental biology of the tick Argas neghmei Kohls & Hoogstraal under laboratory conditions, 40 females and 40 males were collected from chicken coops located in Calama (II Region, Chile). They were fed on chickens and maintained under two laboratory conditions: one group at 30 ± 5 ºC and 35 ± 5 percent RH and another at 27 ± 5 ºC and 80 ± 5 percent RH, both at 12: 12 h L:D photoperiod. The ticks were observed daily to determine larval feeding periods, preoviposition, oviposition, egg incubation as well as the frequency of egg laying, number of eggs laid, and percentage of larval hatching. Females did not lay eggs at 80 ± 5 percent RH, and data on the biology of this tick was obtained only at 35 ± 5 percent RH. The life cycle of A. neghmei lasted an average of 269 days. Feeding period of each nymphal stage as well as of adult females between oviposition events lasted less than a day. Females laid on average 1.8 egg batches and egg-laying period lasted on average 14 days, during which about 96 eggs were laid per female.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Argasidae/growth & development , Life Cycle Stages , LaboratoriesABSTRACT
Seis especies de piojos (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae, Menoponidae) fueron colectadas sobre cuatro especies de aves marinas de la familia Laridae en la costa de Chile. Se registran: Saemundssonia sternae (Linnaeus, 1758) y Quadraceps sellatus (Burmeister, 1838) sobre el gaviotín boreal (Sterna hirundo, Linnaeus, 1758); Saemundssonia lari (O. Fabricius, 1780), Quadraceps punctatus (Burmeister, 1838) y Quadraceps ornatus (Grube, 1851) parasitando a la gaviota dominicana (Larus dominicanus Lichtenstein, 1832); Q. punctatus sobre la gaviota garuma (L. modestus Tschudi, 1843); S. lari y Actornithophilus piceus lari (Packard, 1870) sobre la gaviota de Franklin (L. pipixcan Wagler, 1831). Todas estas especies de Phthiraptera constituyen nuevos registros para Chile.